University of Bari Aldo Moro
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Disparities in Toxoplasmosis, "Other" Infections (Syphilis, HIV, Hepatitis Viruses, Varicella-Zoster Virus, and Parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex Virus Seroprevalence and Childbirth Experiences between Migrant and Nonmigrant Pregnant Women in Italy: A Single-Center Study
No full text: The toxoplasmosis, "other" infections (syphilis, HIV, hepatitis viruses, varicella-zoster virus, and parvovirus B19), rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) complex poses significant risks for maternal and neonatal outcomes. Additionally, the childbirth experience, particularly for migrant women, is shaped by sociocultural and linguistic factors. This study evaluated the prevalence of TORCH infections and compares childbirth experiences between migrant and nonmigrant pregnant women in Italy. This observational study was conducted from January 1 to October 30, 2024, and it included 293 pregnant women (91 migrants and 202 nonmigrants) attending the Policlinic Hospital University of Bari, Italy. Participants were categorized into migrants (n = 91, 31.1%) and nonmigrants (n = 202, 69.9%). Demographic data, TORCH infection status, and childbirth experiences were collected. The Childbirth Experience Questionnaire assessed patient-reported outcomes related to quality of care, communication, and decision-making. Statistical analysis was performed, with a significance threshold of P <0.05. Migrant women showed a higher prevalence of Toxoplasma IgG positivity compared with nonmigrants (56% versus 21%) and reported significantly fewer prenatal visits (median: 5 versus 9, P = 0.02). Migrant women exhibited higher immunity to some TORCH infections but had fewer prenatal visits, lower vaccination adherence, and significant communication barriers, despite reporting a more positive childbirth experience. Enhancing access to interpreters, culturally competent care, and vaccination programs is essential for ensuring equitable maternal care
Il reporting di sostenibilità relativo ai cambiamenti climatici nella normativa internazionale ed europea. Problemi e prospettive per le imprese
Full text linkNel panorama internazionale, le definizioni adottate per descrivere la responsabilità sociale di impresa sono molteplici e la maggior parte di queste fanno riferimento alla volontà di un’impresa di ridurre o eliminare gli impatti negativi delle sue attività sull’ambiente e sulla società civile, attraverso soluzioni che diano l’opportunità di ottenere contemporaneamente benefici sociali ed economici.
A lungo si è ritenuto che misure di soft law, fondate sulla responsabilizzazione delle società e sulla sola sanzione del rischio reputazionale, costituissero la migliore via percorribile per evitare che le grandi imprese riversassero i costi ambientali e sociali delle proprie lucrative attività sui cittadini di Stati spesso tra i più poveri al mondo. L’orientamento volto a valorizzare la responsabilità sociale di impresa ha prodotto atti internazionali di grande rilevanza; tuttavia, come era facile prevedere, l’autoregolamentazione su base volontaria non ha dato utili risultati e i codici di comportamento adottati dalle società transnazionali sono risultati in pratica atti puramente di facciata, privi di effettività. Una svolta è stata costituita, invece, dall’adozione dei Principi guida delle Nazioni Unite su imprese e diritti umani, in cui si esplicita l’obbligo delle imprese di rispettare i diritti umani, che implica l’attuazione da parte di esse di una politica di due diligence. Per assolvere adeguatamente il dovere di diligenza in materia di diritti umani e ambiente, le imprese sono chiamate a individuare e valutare, se necessario attribuire un ordine di priorità, prevenire, attenuare e arrestare gli impatti negativi, siano essi effettivi o potenziali ed a monitorare costantemente l’efficacia delle misure adottate in ossequio agli obblighi previsti dalla normativa europea e internazionale
Hunting for lubeluzole analogues as antimyotonic agents with reduced cardiac liability
Full text linkLubeluzole is a neuroprotective agent displaying antimyotonic activity. Lubeluzole clinical development as an antiischemic drug was discontinued due to a lack of efficacy in human trials and possible cardiac toxicity. Since lubeluzole is a potent inhibitor of the hERG channel, involved in long QT syndromes and the potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmia Torsade de Pointes, a series of lubeluzole analogues were prepared to investigate the structural requirements to reduce the affinity for hERG channels to possibly obtain safe antimyotonic drugs. Compound 16o was identified as the less potent hERG blocker possibly endowed with lower cardiac liability in comparison with the parent compound. Antimyotonic activity of 16o was also investigated in vitro on hNav1.4 and higher use-dependence was observed in comparison to lubeluzole, thus suggesting greater selectivity toward highly excited tissues, such as the myotonic muscle. To further verify the cardiac safety of 16o, patch-clamp experiments on hNav1.5 were also carried out and a 3-fold reduction of potency in comparison with hNav1.4 in phasic block was observed. In vivo evaluation of the antimyotonic activity showed unintended effects on rat motor performance. Ex vivo studies suggested calcium channel blocking activity as a possible off-target source of the 16o unintended effects, also reinforced by possible interaction with β2 receptors, as indicated by in vitro binding assays and in silico studies. In conclusion, we think our results may support the rational design of lubeluzole analogues endowed with both antimyotonic activity and lower hERG liability
Filosofia e cinema in A. Sokurov
No full textIl volume, partendo da un contributo dello stesso regista Sokurov, raccoglie saggi di esperti di filosofia e cinema intorno alla cinematografia del Maestr
Hydroxyethyl cellulose-based hydrogel as a novel delivery system for Eucalyptus globulus essential oil and Beauveria Bassiana conidia for the control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae
No full textBackground: Dermanyssus gallinae poses a significant global threat to poultry production by affecting animal health and welfare. Conventional acaricidal treatments are limited by the emergence of resistant mite populations and by the risk of chemical residues in eggs and meat. In this study, we evaluated an innovative control strategy based on a hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)- hydrogel as a delivery matrix for Eucalyptus globulus essential oil (EO) and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Mites were collected from naturally infested hen farms and divided by life stage. Bioassays were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions to compare the effects of treatments applied both with and without pre-incubation of the HEC matrix, expressed as lethal times (LT50 and LT90). Results: The EO treatment alone or in combination with B. bassiana and without pre-incubation achieved an LT50 of 7.4 ± 0.2 days in adult mites, while the B. bassiana-only treatment exhibited a slightly prolonged LT50 of 8.8 ± 0.2 days. Notably, pre-incubation markedly enhanced efficacy (p < 0.001); the combined treatment reduced the LT50 to 4.9 ± 0.2 days and the LT90 to 10.5 ± 0.3 days, underscoring the synergistic action of EO and B. bassiana. Similar patterns were observed in nymphs, which generally exhibited higher lethal times compared to adults, with strong statistical support. Conclusions: The findings indicate that HEC-based hydrogel enriched with E. globulus EO and/or B. bassiana conidia is efficacious against D. gallinae. The significant reduction in LT50 and LT90 in adult mites highlights the potential of this approach for integrated pest management. This novel formulation, by harnessing the synergistic effects of E. globosus EO and B. bassiana within a stable hydrogel matrix, may provide a tool for controlling D. gallinae in the poultry industry, thus reducing the use of synthetic acaricides. Results need to be validated under field conditions to provide a sustainable strategy for controlling red mite infestations
Qui fruges excantassit. Messi incantate nella Naturalis Historia di Plinio tra superstizione e politica
No full textPliny the Elder, in his Naturalis Historia (18, 41-43), tells the famous anecdote of the freedman Gaius Furius Chresimus, accused of using spells to attract the crops of neighbouring landowners to his small property. There are few clues to help date the episode, one of which is the mention of the magistrate presiding over the trial, the curule aedile Spurius Albinus. Although with caution, the available data would allow us to date the episode to the early decades of the 2nd century BCE, at a time when the chances for freedmen’s and their descendants’ advancement were at the centre of political debate
«Nel teatro della mia testa»: strategie di enunciazione teatrale nell’ultimo Pasolini, dal Manifesto a Petrolio
No full textLa scintilla creativa alla base del Manifesto per un nuovo teatro sta probabilmente nel passaggio di Pasolini da una concezione di scrittura come luogo dell’allocuzione civile a una concezione di scrittura come mezzo (agonistico, provvisorio) dell’azione. Pubblicato solo poche settimane prima della celebre poesia "Il Pci ai giovani!!", il Manifesto, con il suo stile impetuoso e non privo di boutade, è leggibile come sintomo e causa al tempo stesso di importanti modificazioni strutturali nel sistema autoriale pasoliniano. Più che come uno sforzo di sistemazione teorica
dei lavori teatrali concepiti a partire dal 1966, può essere interpretato come una sorta di pamphlet politico-letterario che sancisce la maturazione di una nuova semiotica ‘selvaggia’, che lo scrittore esercita attraverso inedite formulazioni stilistico-retoriche e rinnovate forme dell’intervento. Il teatro immaginato nel Manifesto è «di parola» non tanto perché implica una nuova drammaturgia, quanto perché si pone come uno strumento di discussione «a canone sospeso», quasi una piattaforma da agitprop, che punta a riaffermare la funzione di «rito culturale» del teatro ateniese
Considerazioni preliminari sull’impiego di ChatGPT nella didattica della lingua inglese per le professioni medico-sanitarie
No full textIl contributo delinea alcune delle possibili applicazioni di Chatbot AI alla didattica della lingua inglese in corsi di laurea medico-sanitari, mostrandone sia le mancanze che le potenzialità future
Aspects of Higgs Physics at a TeV Muon Collider with detailed detector simulation
No full textThe Muon Collider is one of the most promising future collider facilities with the potential to reach multi-TeV center-of-mass energy and high luminosity. Due to the significant Higgs boson production cross section in muon-antimuon collisions at such high energies, the collider offers an excellent opportunity for in-depth exploration of Higgs boson properties. It holds the capability to significantly advance our understanding of the Higgs sector to a very high level of precision. However, the presence of beam-induced background resulting from the decay of the beam muons poses unique challenges for detector development and event reconstruction. In this paper, the prospects for measuring various Higgs boson properties at a center-of-mass energy of 3 TeV are presented, using a detailed detector simulation in a realistic environment. The study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving high precision results with the current state-of-the-art detector design. In addition, the paper discusses the detector requirements necessary to achieve this level of accuracy
Apalutamide in Metastatic Castration-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Results from the Multicenter Real-world ARON-3 Study
No full textBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Apalutamide (APA) is a treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). In the ARON-3 study we investigated real-world experiences with APA treatment for mCSPC. METHODS: We retrospectively assessed real-world clinical outcomes for patients with mCSPC treated with APA in the ARON-3 study. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from APA initiation to death from any cause. PSA90 was defined as a prostate-specific antigen decline of ≥90% from baseline, and PSA0.2 as achievement of a PSA level ≤0.2 ng/ml. Data for adverse events were retrospectively collected from electronic and paper charts and categorized according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: We included 531 patients with mCSPC treated with APA. High-volume disease was reported for 214 patients (40%), and 56 (11%) had visceral metastases. Median OS was not reached. PSA90 was experienced by 461 patients (87%) and PSA0.2 by 368 (69%). Median OS was significantly longer for patients with PSA90 or PSA0.2 than for subjects without these responses (p < 0.001). The incidence of grade 3-4 fatigue was higher among elderly patients (≥80 yr) than among younger patients (19% vs 5%), but the incidence of other adverse events was comparable between the age groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: APA is an effective and tolerable treatment for mCSPC in the real-world setting. PATIENT SUMMARY: The ARON-3 project collects data for patients with prostate cancer treated in multiple centers worldwide to assess outcomes in the real-world setting. We analyzed data for patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer receiving apalutamide. Our results show that apalutamide is a safe and effective drug in the real-world setting as well as in clinical trials