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Iris pigment epithelial cysts in acute lymphoblastic leukemia-a case report
No full textBackground Iris cysts are classified as either primary or secondary, with further subcategorization based on the
tissue of origin. The most common type is the primary iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cyst. We report a rare case of
bilateral IPE cysts in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Case presentation A 3-year-old male toddler initially presented with signs and symptoms of anemia. Multiple
lymph nodes were palpable throughout the body, and hepatosplenomegaly was noted. An incidental finding of
cystic lesions at the margins of both pupils prompted referral to the ophthalmology team. There was no family
history of malignancy or similar eye conditions. Ophthalmic examination revealed IPE cysts in both eyes (BE). Fundus
examination showed a dull macula, and tortuous vessels, with no retinal hemorrhages observed. Intraocular pressure
was normal. Petechial rashes were present on both eyelids.
A full blood count revealed pancytopenia, and a peripheral blood film (PBF) showed a leucoerythroblastic picture
without obvious blast cells. Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy (BMAT) were performed. Trephine biopsy
and bone marrow immunophenotyping were suggestive of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) with
aberrant CD58 expression. Cytogenetic analysis revealed hyperdiploidy, a favourable prognostic marker. The patient
was started on chemotherapy. Following initiation of chemotherapy, the IPE cysts decreased in size.
Conclusion In this case, the IPE cysts were likely associated with ALL. This rare occurrence may raise awareness of a potential link between IPE cysts and hematological malignancies, and could pave the way for future research to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis and treatment implications
Enhanced Load-Aware Handover Algorithm for High-Density IEEE 802.11 ESS Networks
No full textHigh-density Wi-Fi networks, particularly in Extended Service Set (ESS) environments, frequently experience performance degradation due to sub-optimal handover mechanisms that rely exclusively on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). Such approaches often lead to traffic imbalance, increased packet loss, and reduced Quality of Service (QoS). This paper introduces a novel implementation of a load-aware handover strategy that integrates both RSSI and real-time access point (AP) load metrics to optimize handover decisions. Through its adaptive weighting function and penalty mechanism, ELAHA dynamically balances signal strength with AP load conditions, achieving improved network efficiency and user experience in dense deployment scenarios. Results demonstrate that ELAHA significantly outperforms the conventional RSSI-Based Algorithm (RBA), achieving lower latency, reduced jitter and packet loss, decreased handover frequency, and enhanced overall throughput. These findings highlight ELAHA's potential as a robust and scalable solution for maintaining consistent QoS in high-density Wi-Fi networks
Estrous Behaviour and Vulva Score in Captive Female Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus)
No full textThe ex-situ propagation of the Malayan tapir in Malaysia is an important conservation strategy to increase the population of this endangered species. However,
the scarcity of reproductive physiology studies impedes potential conservation efforts. This study aimed to investigate the expression of estrus signs through observation of estrus behaviour and vulva score in captive Malayan tapirs. This study was conducted from January
to April at the Sungai Dusun Wildlife Conservation Centre, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of five female Malayan tapirs aged between 3 to 18 years old were involved in this study.
Two of the tapirs were kept with a male partner, while three others were kept individually. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras with night vision and audio recording function connected to a digital video recorder were used to record the female activity from 1930 to 0730 hours. The recorded videos were evaluated for estrus behaviour such as vocalisation, flehmen response, urine spraying and excretion smelling. The vulva score (scale of 0 to 4) was determined based on the vulva size and the presence of discharge. The most common estrus behaviour observed in the female Malayan tapirs was vocalisation (81%), followed by flehmen response (10%), urine spraying (5%) and excretion smelling (4%). The paired females were observed to exhibit more estrus behaviours than the non-paired females. Vulva changes were observed in both groups with evidence of cyclic pattern with an average median length of 31.0 days (range of 28 days to 33 days). Mann-Whitney U test revealed significant difference between paired group and non-paired group for vocalisation and urine spraying. Meanwhile, Spearman’s rho test showed a strong positive correlation between vulva score and flehmen response and very strong positive correlation between vulva score and excretion smelling. This study provides important information for the establishment of future captive propagation programmes
Uncovering Hidden Impacts of Disclosure through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
No full textSharing personal information is a common aspect of communication and may reveal thoughts or feelings that have not been previously expressed or acknowledged. Such
revelations can hold personal importance for the individual who shares them, making the reactions they perceive—whether verbal or nonverbal—emotionally significant. These
perceived responses may leave lasting effects on the discloser, which can be identified through careful analysis. This study explored the hidden impacts of personal disclosure using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). An interview with one participant was recorded, transcribed, and examined through the IPA framework. At a surface level, the participant recounted feeling unsupported and isolated when her child was hospitalised.
Deeper interpretation suggested that she possessed strong coping abilities that were recognised by her husband, leading to feelings of validation. Themes of anger also surfaced, reflecting her sense of vulnerability during that difficult time. The findings demonstrate how IPA can uncover underlying emotional meanings and subtle psychological impacts embedded within personal disclosures
The Ethos of State and Nation in Sarawak Malay Writings
No full textThe paper examines the concepts of state and nation formulated in Sarawak Malay writings produced from three
different epochs. These concepts are framed in the notion of Malay identity located in the frontier situation. The basis
of this framing is to reveal the connection between the historical experience of living together with non-Malay social groups with the ethos of localisation ingrained in the thoughts and lives of the authors. The expression of state and nation in the writings should be read simultaneously as normative and experiential, thus, making them an ideal entry point to explore the making of political identity which was to a large extent defined by the intertwining of lives across social and temporal dimensions. These writings, Hikayat Panglima Nikosa, Nafahat al-Ridwan and My Family and Other Anecdotes, were authored by eminent individuals in the traditional Malay society. The works are examined from humanistic perspective drawn from the Geertzian’s interpretive anthropology to decode to the ethos of writing expressed in the texts. The study found that the norms of localisation consistently appear in the Sarawak Malay writings. Specifically, the writing ethos demonstrates the incorporation of ideas exogenous to the Malay identity which were localised and hybridised into the thinking about state and nation. Hence, Sarawak Malay identity is deemed as
unique, vibrant and moderate. The significance of this finding may give a constructive view to the contemporary
discussion about political identity and nationalism founded on the ethos of heterogeneity and co-existence
Analisis Eufemisme Kebencian Dalam Kalangan Penutur Iban Di Lundu Sarawak
No full textThis study aims to examine the use of hate-related euphemisms among Iban language speakers in Lundu, Sarawak. Hate-related euphemism refers to subtle expressions used to convey negative emotions or dissatisfaction indirectly, often serving as a face-saving communication strategy in indigenous communities. This study employed a mixed-method approach involving(qualitative) and questionnaires (quantitative) distributed to 12 respondents from various age, education, and occupational backgrounds. The findings reveal that the elderly are the most dominant users of hate-related euphemisms due to the influence of cultural norms and ivtraditional values. In contrast, the younger generation tends to avoid such euphemisms, influenced by direct and expressive digital communication styles. The study concludes that education level, social status, and age significantly affect the way hate or dissatisfaction is
expressed euphemistically. The importance of this study lies in its contribution to the linguistic documentation of the Iban language and the promotion of politeness values in communication. The results also offer potential applications in language curriculum design and civic education,
particularly in understanding language as a tool for maintaining social harmon
Analisis Aspek Pemikiran Radzemah Bolhassan Berdasarkan Spb4k Dalam Novel Iqbal Membina Jaya (2015)
No full textThis study analyzes the aspects of Radzemah Bolhassan’s thought in the novel Iqbal Membina Jaya (2015) based on the theoretical framework of the Integrated Thinking System
4K (SPB4K), which encompasses the elements of spirituality, creativity, scientific thinking, and distinctiveness. The main objective of this study is to identify the spiritual, distinctive, scientific, and creative aspects embedded in the novel Iqbal Membina Jaya based on the SPB4K theory by Mohd Yusof Hasan (2007), and to describe how these SPB4K elements are applied through the characters, themes, and plot to shape moral and social values for readers. This study employs a qualitative method through textual analysis using a descriptive approach. The findings reveal that Radzemah Bolhassan’s thoughts are influenced by religious values, identity consciousness, social awareness, and strong resilience in shaping the moral development and success of the main character. Overall, this study proves that SPB4K
serves as an effective analytical tool in understanding patterns of thought and values in literary works, especially those that emphasize human development
Penggunaan Kata Tabu Dalam Masyarakat Tidung Di Merotai Besar Tawau, Sabah
No full textTidung language is a minority language in Sabah. Uncontrolled taboos in Tidung society can cause harm to its speakers. This study aims to discuss the use of taboo words among the Tidung community in Merotai Besar Tawau, Sabah. This study uses a qualitative approach. The semi-structured interview method in the field involved 15 native Tidung speaker informants. In analyzing the data, the principles of Battistella (2005) approach were used to identify taboo
words and types. This study found four types of taboos in the Tidung community in Merotai Besar Tawau, which are related to vulgarity, epithet, profanity, and obscenity. Each type of taboo word includes subcategories that include taboos to curse and expletives, disability, hygiene matters, the supernatural and those related to animals. This study also found three taboo functions based on Wardhaugh (2006) approach in the Tidung Merotai Besar community, namely to show a provocative or aggressive, function as draw attention and show contempt. Therefore, understanding taboos and the use of taboos language plays an important role in controlling individual behavior and speech in order to create harmoious relationships not only with society, but also with the elements of the environment that are considered spiritual around us
Enhanced Acrylic Acid Production via Liquid-Phase Glycerol Oxydehydration Using SBA-15 Supported Heteropoly Phosphotungstic Acid Catalysts: Experimental Evaluation, Mechanistic Understanding, and Kinetic Modelling
No full textThe expansion of the oleochemical industry results in excess glycerol production to the extent it is regarded as a waste. This drives the exploration of value-added products like acrylic acid to address the surplus and associated environmental issues. However, current processes mainly focus on the gaseous phase, requiring high temperatures and complex setups. Although some research delves into liquid-phase glycerol oxydehydration, information remains limited. In this study, SBA-15 supported heteropoly phosphotungstic acid (HPW) catalysts (PW/SBA-15) with varied acid loadings (10–40 wt %) were synthesized for a single-step liquid-phase glycerol oxydehydration. The impact of calcination temperatures (400–700°C) on catalyst properties and activity was explored. Extensive characterization techniques were employed to assess surface, morphological, and structural properties. Optimal conditions were identified: 3 h reaction time, 240°C reaction temperature, and 10 wt % catalyst loading, achieving 98.7% glycerol conversion and 22.5% acrylic acid yield. Glycerol oxydehydration followed a pseudo second-order kinetic model with an activation energy of 134.4 kJ/mol. The 30PW/SBA-15 catalyst exhibited a defined structure, effectively catalyzing glycerol-to-acrylic acid oxydehydration due to strong acid sites and appropriate redox sites
UNIMAS 3rd International Nursing Students’ Conference 2025 on 24th May 2025
No full textUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) is pleased to announce that the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences will be organizing the UNIMAS 3rd International Nursing Students’ Conference (INSC) at Dewan Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra (DeTAR Putra), UNIMAS, Kota Samarahan on the 24th May 2025.
The nursing students’ conference has been an annual event since its inception in 2010. The conference was the brainchild of the final year nursing students of the Bachelor of Nursing with Honours Programme. In keeping with its tradition, the final year undergraduate nursing students carry on the torch each year to organize this landmark event together with members from the Department of Nursing and the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. This event is also supported by UNIMAS Business School and HRD Corp.
The theme for the conference this year “Our Nurses, Our Future: Building a Resilient Workforce Together” envisions a healthcare system where nurses are not only valued and supported but also equipped with the tools and resources needed to lead, innovate, ultimately building a sustainable and high-quality healthcare system for the community. As with previous years, the conference hopes to garner participation from both local and international institutions which will be attended by medical and allied health personnel from various private, governmental and educational institutions.
The highlight of the conference includes prominent speakers in the field which will include two keynote speakers namely Prof. Dr. Mohd. Said bin Nurumal from International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) and Prof. Dr. Khatijah Bt Abdullah @ Lim Geok Khim from Sunway University. The event also features three plenary talks by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vimala A/P Ramoo from Universiti Malaya (UM), Dr. Haryanto from ITEKES Muhammadiyah, Indonesia and Mohamad Norisham Bin Norzan from Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore. The event will also feature free-paper presentations, innovative project presentations and an exciting nursing student’s gameshow with attractive prizes and awards for best presentations and winners.
Aside from the highlights, the event will also host exhibitors from local and international healthcare institutions providing a platform for nursing students to meet potential future potential employers. Building on this platform, the university, the nursing programme and the faculty also organizes industry engagement initiatives such as the Career, Recruitment and Scholarship (CARES) Fair which significantly contributes to the employability of UNIMAS nursing graduates.
As such, we cordially invite participants, presenters and vendors to our UNIMAS 3rd INSC 2025. We are accepting registrations via the following URL link: https://tinyurl.com/3rdINSC2025. For further information regarding the event, please browse the following pages or contact our secretariats