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Do cryptocurrencies and gold hedge against market risks? A wavelet coherence analysis of ASEAN+2 and G5 countries
No full textStock market volatility, economic shocks, and geopolitical tensions have intensified recently, resulting in heightened uncertainty and disruptions in global financial markets
with ASEAN+2 and G5. Identifying reliable hedging and safe haven assets is therefore critical for risk management. Moreover, effective hedging and safe haven strategies are
important to reduce the risk of a portfolio for investors and help keep the market stable by lowering market contagion and boosting investor confidence. Therefore, this study
examines the hedge and safe-haven properties of various cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Cardano, Chainlink, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Ripple, and Tron, and gold against stock markets in ASEAN+2 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, China, and Russia) and G5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States) over the period 2017–2024. The findings, derived from wavelet coherence analysis, reveal that these properties are not uniform but vary significantly by
market, investment horizon (particularly beyond 128 days), and period (e.g., during crises vs. stability). This study underscores the limitation of static correlation-based methods and highlights the importance of wavelet coherence in revealing short-, medium-, and long-term correlations that traditional methods may overlook. The results provide
crucial insights for investors and policymakers to enhance financial stability through better anticipation of market dynamics
The energy-growth nexus in Malaysia: Does energy security matter?
No full textInsecure energy supplies, along with variations in other factor costs, have an impact on total production costs and eventually lead to a cost disadvantage among producers. This, in turn, greatly affects the trajectory of national economic growth. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of energy security in driving economic growth in Malaysia. The study employs an annual time series data of Malaysia from 1980 to 2018. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag approach has been employed to compute the long-run estimation. The results show that energy security has a positive relationship with economic growth. It should be noted that the magnitude and sign of the signal varies across all dimensions. This study recommends establishing an advanced renewable energy system with a larger generation scale and more widespread transmission and distribution. This will improve energy security by reducing dependence on both imported energy and unsustainable energy sources
Land use and seasonal effects on water quality and faecal contamination in Batang Layar river, Sarawak, Malaysia
No full textTropical river systems face increasing pollution from anthropogenic activities, yet integrated assessments of land use and seasonal effects on water quality remain limited. This study investigates the impact of land use and seasons on the physicochemical water quality and faecal coliform abundance in the Batang Layar River, Sarawak. Water samples were collected from five sites during the wet and dry seasons. We used a YSI ProDSS Multiparameter for in-situ measurements and performed ex-situ analyses for Faecal Coliform Count (FCC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), and Department of Environment-Water Quality Index (DOE-WQI) parameters. The WQI classified upstream sites (LS1, LS2, LS3) as Class I (Excellent) year-round, while downstream sites (LS4, LS5) shifted from Class II (Very good) in the wet season to Class I in the dry season. Despite the generally favourable WQI scores, wet season FCC concentrations (228.94 to 992.87 CFU/100 mL) exceeded DOE recreational water standards (< 400 CFU/100 mL), particularly near populated areas, due to surface runoff and sediment resuspension. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
identified organic pollution (48.39% variance) and sedimentation (25.75% variance) as dominant factors. Spearman correlation shows strong correlations between FCC, TCC, and organic parameters, confirming shared anthropogenic origins in both seasons. The notable discrepancy between favourable WQI scores and elevated microbial risks highlights the need to integrate bacteriological monitoring into water quality assessments. These findings emphasise the need for integrated water resource management (IWRM) strategies, including improved wastewater infrastructure
and riparian buffers implementation, to mitigate seasonal contamination risks and safeguard public and ecosystem health in tropical basins
Entomania
No full textEntomology, the study of insects, often poses a challenge in learning due to traditional, passive educational methods. This challenge is addressed by developing ENTOMANIA, an innovative card game designed to make learning insects interactive, strategic, and fun. ENTOMANIA is a portable, field-friendly game, making it accessible anywhere, in classrooms and even outdoors. It features local Malaysian insect species, colour-coded by taxonomic order, with interesting facts on the cards and engaging gameplay mechanics that teach through competition and discovery. A survey conducted among players of ENTOMANIA showed overwhelmingly positive feedback, confirming its effectiveness in enhancing knowledge and developing interest in insects. By transforming entomology education into a fun and social experience, ENTOMANIA bridges the gap between scientific content and public engagement, fostering a deeper appreciation for biodiversity and supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4 (Quality Education) and 15 (Life on Land)
RENCANA
No full textPenulisan berbentuk analisis atau kupasan isu semasa, sosial, akademik atau pemikiran. Ianya menggabungkan fakta, pandangan penulis mahupun hasil interpretasi yang rasional.
Dalam landskap penulisan umum, penulisan sesebuah rencana bertujuan mencetuskan pemahaman, renungan atau wacana awam. Oleh itu, rencana berperanan penting dalam membentuk pemikiran awam.
Ciri penulisannya perlu lebih mendalam berbanding berita, tetapi tidak seformal kertas akademik. Secara ringkas, rencana boleh diibaratkan sebagai satu bentuk penulisan perantara (tidak terlalu ringkas seperti berita dan tidak pula sepadat buku), yang membincangkan topik-topik serius, berasaskan fakta atau situasi semasa.
Menariknya, penulisan rencana tidak berpaksikan seni keindahan bahasa yang kreatif atau imaginatif, sebaliknya seni penyampaian yang berkesan dan menekankan kejelasan hujah dalam mengupas sesuatu isu yang diperkatakan
Dual axis solar tracker and monitoring system based on internet of things
No full textIn this paper, the application of internet of things (IoT) technology in development of a dual-axis solar tracking system is presented. Sting capacity of piezoelectric material is applied a footstep energy generation system. Using Arduino MEGA as the main controller for the system, light-dependent resistors (LDRs) have been used for sunlight detection and maximum light intensity. Two servo motors have been employed to rotate the solar panel towards the position of the sun as detected by the LDR. Ethernet Shield is used as an intermediary between the hardware device and the IoT monitoring system through the Cayenne platform. Alert notifications are included to inform a remote user through phone or mail (or both) when a sensor has reached a certain predefined event. There is a 21.97 increased energy output buy the proposed system as compared to the single-axis solar tracker. Further test results of the manufactured prototype indicate that solar tracker data can be transmitted simply and monitored directly online, and the solar tracker is capable of receiving commands from the IoT monitoring application
An enhanced predictive energy management of a green hydrogen integrated microgrid based on correlation analysis considering uncertain conditions uncertain conditions
No full textThe increasing adoption of renewable energy sources presents unique challenges due to their unpredictable nature and the need for efficient energy storage management. Maintaining grid stability requires robust energy storage solutions to manage the variability as the power industry shifts towards renewable generation. This paper focuses on developing a reliable model based on experimental predictive correlation for a green hybrid grid-integrated microgrid that utilizes hydrogen storage to mitigate energy fluctuation. The goal is to maintain frequency and voltage stability across various operating scenarios using hydrogen as the primary energy storage system. A comprehensive framework is presented for modelling a hybrid energy system that combines solar, hydrogen storage, fuel cells, and lithium battery storage. The initial step in this study involves experimental investigation to formulate a predictive correlation index (PCI) for hydrogen-based energy systems, concentrating on the relationship between hydrogen flowrate, pressure, temperature, and the resulting electrical outputs, voltage, and current. This formulation is then used to develop an enhanced energy management coordination strategy based on the correlation index, leveraging the capabilities of model predictive control to anticipate fluctuations in energy demand and supply. A cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT) platform is utilized to monitor system performance in real-time under various conditions, manage storage efficiently, and enhance security by minimizing vulnerabilities. Numerical findings confirm that the hybrid predictive scheme reduces frequency deviation within ±0.16 % and constrains voltage variation to approximately ±4 %. Here, the experimental PCI values identify an optimal hydrogen operating range of 0.3–0.4 bar for reliable performance. Performance benchmarking further demonstrates that, compared with conventional droop-based methods reported in earlier studies, the proposed correlated hybrid control strategy achieves improved transient response and lower steady-state error, ensuring more reliable coordination of hydrogen and battery storage. The results prove that the proposed predictive coordination strategy effectively mitigates voltage and frequency fluctuations during transient situations by optimally controlling the hydrogen storage within the microgrid. This outcome underscores the positive impact of the proposed predictive coordination strategies in enhancing continuous power supply and improving the overall efficiency of grid-integrated systems
Bridging Tradition and Technology: A Systematic Review of Digital Innovations in Cultural Heritage Preservation
No full textThis study evaluates the integration of advanced technological tools for the purpose of preserving a cultural heritage, emphasising innovative strategies relevant to the digital era. Despite considerable technological advancements, significant gaps remain regarding the full implications of these tools for data preservation and long-term accessibility. Consequently, this research investigates how advanced technologies can effectively enhance preservation practices and overcome existing challenges. Specifically, it analyses core themes such as the efficacy of digital technologies, levels of public engagement, sustainability considerations, integration barriers, and strategic investment opportunities. the findings highlight that tools such as artificial intelligence (AI), photogrammetry, and virtual reality (VR), substantially enhance heritage documentation accuracy and accessibility. Nevertheless, persistent issues related to data preservation and consistent accessibility warrant continued investigation. This systematic review critically analyses 50 selected articles from an initial dataset of 2,476 articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework. The study also emphasises the value of existing initiatives such as 4CH and Twin-IT, underscoring the need for harmonising traditional preservation techniques with innovative digital solutions, thereby offering essential guidance for future cultural heritage preservation efforts
Character Segmentation in Brahmi Script: Object Detection and KNN Fusion Approach
No full textAutomated word recognition has seen significant advancements, and character segmentation remains a crucial step in this process. Although several studies have focused on the segmentation of popular modern scripts, there has been relatively little attention on ancient scripts due to their infrequent use and complex structural features. Brahmi, an ancient script with a rich history, presents unique challenges for segmentation, including disconnected dot components and complex compound characters, which existing methods fail to address effectively. This
study proposed a novel two-stage segmentation framework that combines contourbased object detection with a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)-based reattachment mechanism. The novelty of this approach lies in its ability to accurately reattach
disconnected components (e.g., isolated dots) to their corresponding base characters, a problem not adequately solved in previous studies. The process comprises
two main parts: line segmentation and character segmentation. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated using printed Brahmi texts, achieving 99.81% accuracy for line segmentation and 97.32% for character segmentation, resulting in an overall average accuracy of 98.19%. These results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid framework not only surpasses prior Brahmi segmentation efforts but also provides a generalizable solution for ancient Indic scripts with similar structural challenges