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Intervensi Teknologi Digital dan Integrasi Sokongan Sosial Terhadap Kesejahteraan Psikososial Remaja
Get PDFKajian ini menumpukan kepada intervensi teknologi digital dalam Pembangunan psikososial remaja dengan pendekatan sokongan sosial yang sesuai dalam era digitalisasi. Berdasarkan teori Erik Erikson, kajian ini menilai pembangunan psikososial remaja di sekolah menengah. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji isu permasalahan sosial berdasarkan perkembangan psikososial remaja di sekolah, menganalisis kesesuaian bentuk sokongan sosial terhadap perkembangan remaja dan menganalisis hubungan kebolehupayaan
teknologi digital sebagai intervensi sokongan sosial remaja. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kaedah konvergen dengan menggabungkan kaedah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Komponen kualitatif melibatkan temu bual separa berstruktur dengan lapan (8) orang responden yang dipilih melalui pensampelan bertujuan yang terdiri daripada guru disiplin dan kaunselor sekolah. Komponen kuantitatif melibatkan tinjauan ke atas 120 pelajar terpilih dengan persetujuan pihak sekolah dan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Kaedah tematik dan perisian Atlas.ti digunakan untuk menganalisis dapatan kualitatif, manakala analisis deskriptif dan inferensi dilakukan melalui perisian Statistical Package for Social
Science (SPSS). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat pelbagai isu permasalahan sosial yang dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah, dan pihak guru berusaha dalam menyediakan
intervensi bagi memberikan sokongan sosial dalam membentuk sahsiah pelajar. Integrasi data kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui pendekatan konvergen mengukuhkan justifikasi kajian
ini. Hasil silang data menunjukkan bahawa teknologi digital berpotensi digunakan sebagai medium sokongan sosial, dengan ujian ketepatan fisher menunjukkan nilai signifikan 0.039
bagi sokongan emosi dan 0.001 bagi sokongan berbentuk perbualan, keselesaan fizikal seperti pelukan, serta intervensi teknologi digital. Kajian ini turut menekankan kesesuaian penggunaan intervensi teknologi digital serta integrasi sokongan sosial yang boleh diaplikasikan oleh guru di sekolah. Oleh itu, kajian susulan dicadangkan dengan pemilihan sampel yang lebih spesifik di kawasan yang berpotensi di Malaysia. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang kepada korpus ilmu mengenai peranan teknologi digital dalam pembangunan psikososial remaja sekolah serta memberikan panduan kepada pendidik dan pembuat dasar dalam memperkasakan sistem sokongan sosial di sekolah
A Mixed Methods Study on the Student Engagement in Online Ideological and Political Course within Higher Vocational Colleges in Anhui Province, China
Get PDFDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, ideological and political (I&P) courses in China's higher vocational colleges experienced an unprecedented and rapid shift from traditional face-to-face instruction to remote online teaching. These courses, which focus on value orientation and critical thinking, traditionally rely on interactive and dialogic teaching methods. The move to virtual environments significantly affected both how students engage and the depth of their engagement. To fill the current research gap in this area, this study aims to explore how student engagement in online I&P courses is created, developed, and sustained during and after the pandemic. Guided byActivity Theory (AT), Social Interaction (SOI), and Critical Pedagogy (CP), the study systematically examines how technological tools, power dynamics, and teacher-student interactions influence student engagement. Aconvergent parallel mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitatively, structured surveys were administered to 611 students from the 2019, 2020, and 2021 cohorts in higher vocational colleges in Anhui Province. Qualitatively, in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 representative students to explore their real-life experiences with online learning, platform usage, and value internalization. Findings show no statistically significant differences in engagement levels across academic years. However, the qualitative data revealed several key factors affecting engagement, such as lack of interaction, emotional disconnection, and challenges with platform usability. The combined analysis indicates that clear instructional rules, peer collaboration mechanisms, and contextually appropriate teaching strategies are essential to promote students' cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement. Theoretically, this study advances by integrating AT, SOI, and CP into a comprehensive analytical frameworkfor student engagementin ideologicallyfocusededucation.Practically, it offers evidence-based recommendations for improving online I&P course design and promoting deep student engagement in higher vocational education in the post-pandemic era. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, ideological and political courses, online learning, mixed-methods, student engagement, higher vocational college
Influence of pH on the biodegradation efficiency of fats, oils,and grease by biosurfactant‑producing bacterial consortia
No full textThe accumulation of fats, oils, and grease (FOG) in wastewater systems presents major environmental challenges, necessitating the development of effective bioremediation strategies. Bio surfactant producing bacteria are promising for FOG degradation; however, their efficacy is highly pH-dependent, affecting microbial metabolism and bio surfactant
stability. This study evaluates the impact of pH on
FOG biodegradation by locally isolated bio surfactant producing bacterial consortia to identify optimal pH
conditions. Two highly efficient biosurfactant-producing
bacterial isolates, identified via 16S rRNA sequencing as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus velezensis, were cultured in Bushnell Haas (BH) medium to form a bacterial consortium. The consortium was then inoculated into fresh BH medium, adjusted to pH values from 4 to 9, and supplemented
with 1% FOG (w/v). Samples were monitored at six-day intervals for 30 days under continuous shaking at 130 rpm. After 30 days of biodegradation, the solid FOGs in pH 6 disappeared while flocs were observed in both pH 4 and 5. Despite greater floc formation at pH 6, GC–MS analysis revealed that pH 4 achieved the highest degradation rate, displaying the fewest FOG peaks and the lowest area under
peaks, indicating the most substantial FOG reduction.
Notably, the consortium achieved the highest FOG removal at pH 4, an acidic condition under which most long-chain FOG components were completely degraded or transformed into shorter chains. This finding reveals an unexpected optimum pH 4 for FOG bioremediation by two efficient biosurfactant-producing bacteria combined into a synergistic consortium,
highlighting a potential strategy to enhance grease
waste treatment
The Use of Metabolomics Approach in The Combination With Multivariate Data Analysis For The Identification of Non-Halal Meats A Narrative Review
No full textThere are three issues in relation to halal products namely raw materials, processes, and halal authentication analysis. One of the issues encountered in raw materials is meat origins which can be obtained either form its sources (halal and non-halal meats) or due to slaughtering processes
(Zabiha and non-zabiha). Therefore, some scientist tried to develop analytical methods capable of discriminating the types of halal and non-halal meats due to its sources and its slaughtering processes. Three approaches have been introduced for the identification and quantification of nonhalal meats, namely identification of specific markers, profiling using fingerprinting tools and metabolomics studies. Differentiation of halal and non-halal meats from the perspectives of its sources and slaughtering processes are very challenging. This review highlighted the application of analytical methods based on metabolomics approaches in combination with chemometrics for
differentiation of halal and non-halal meats from its sources such as rat meat, pork, canine meats,
and from the slaughtering processes in terms of Zabiha and non-zabiha procedures
Balancing sustainability and consumer demand : Exploring Gen Z interest in co-designing transformable garments
No full textTransformable Garment Co-Design (TGCD) offers a variety of options and precise targeting, reducing unnecessary purchases and potentially providing a sustainable solution that aligns resource use with consumer demands. Nevertheless, this design strategy remains underutilized in the market and lacks thorough theoretical exploration. This research examines the aesthetic and functional aspects that impact the willingness of Generation Z, the predominant fast-fashion buyers in China, particularly university students, to interact with TGCD. A quantitative method was employed to survey randomly selected university students in Zhejiang Province, China. Data was gathered from 359 respondents through the WeChat social application and the Wenjuanxing questionnaire platform. Hotelling's t-squared test in SPSS was utilized to evaluate the significance of the proposed factors. The results indicated that aesthetic and functional characteristics and familiarity with TGCD significantly influence Chinese university students' readiness to adopt this design method. Further analysis revealed that comfort, durability, and types of expertise notably influence this willingness. This study advances sustainable design theory by empirically examining TGCD in China, providing this innovative strategy with an initial framework that can serve as a reference for academia and industry
FLOOD ASSESSMENT AND DETENTION BASED PERFORMANCE AS MITIGATION MEASURES AT KOTA SAMARAHAN, SARAWAK
No full textContinuous rainfall coupled with tidal effects brings floods, particularly in the urban lowlying areas that led to the overflowing of river and stormwater drainage system. Open channels and their network system play a crucial role to mitigate stormwater runoff in the prevention of flood. The network is specifically designed by following the watershed in which, the water drains into a particular watercourse. The drainage system network is commonly designed to cater rainfall event Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) between 5 to 100 years return period. This research evaluate the flood problem at Tanjung Bundong and Uni Garden area in Kota Samarahan, Sarawak. Parameter being investigated consist of empirical relationship between hydrological properties and hydraulic conditions. Hydrological properties include land use changes, rainfall and flood event and catchment area, while hydraulic conditions are open channel system and proposed flood mitigation infrastructures. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is used to develop the drainage model to investigate the drainage’s performance for Tanjung Bundong and Uni Garden in Kota Samarahan. The site conditions were assessed through site visits and fieldwork at the study areas. Next is the case study, which was simulated using the hydrology and hydraulic modelling in SWMM for the implementation of detention storage (Dry Detention Pond and StormPav) as a mitigation strategy comprises of alteration of existing drainage system components, application of dry detention pond to detent water and permeable pavement with detention storage (StormPav). The results, show that for an analysis of development trends from 2015 to 2022 reveals a substantial increase in impervious surfaces in both areas, leading to higher water runoff. Tanjung Bundong experienced a development rate of 4.20%, with impervious surfaces increasing from 33.00% to 37.20%. Uni Garden's development rate was 19.50%, with impervious surfaces rising from 48.00% to 67.50%. The correlation betweenincreased development with positive linear relationship between rainfall and runoff of flood severity. In example, analysis on relationship between maximum hourly rainfall and daily rainfall at Tanjung Bundong shows that each additional millimetre of rainfall leads to an increase in runoff by approximately 3082 m³ and 1142 m³, respectively for maximum hourly rainfall and daily rainfall. While Uni Garden, the results illustrates that, each additional millimetre of rainfall raises runoff by about 692 m³ for hourly maximum rainfall and 318 m³ for daily rainfall. The model calibration showed a strong correlation with manual calculations, with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) value of -0.91 to 1 in average. The analysis indicated that longer return periods result in increased of runoff, highlighted the generation of increasing node flooding at Tanjung Bundong and Uni Garden across longer return periods. Subsequently, the study also found that dry detention storage effectively reduced flooding, significantly lowering outlet link’s velocities for various rainfall events. Tanjung Bundong resulted in reductions ranged between 0.07 to 0.80 m/s for dry detention ponds and 0.17 to 1.85 m/s for StormPav. While Uni Garden shows a velocity reductions between 0.12 to 0.52 m/s for dry detention ponds and -0.49 to 0.12 m/s for StormPav. In sum, this study provide the insight of flood behaviour, drainage system performance, and stormwater management effectiveness in Tanjung Bundong and Uni Garden
Total Sago Effluent Concentrate (TSEC) for Bioethanol Production via Fed-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF)
No full textThe extraction of sago in sago processing industries requires substantial volumes of water, which subsequently generates large quantities of sago residue. This waste is often discharged into nearby streams, contributing to environmental pollution. Sago processing waste stream, or sago effluent, comprises a mixture of wet solid biomass and liquid hydrolysate. This industrial waste is rich in carbohydrates, particularly lignocellulosic materials, making it a potential feedstock for bioethanol production. In this study, the sago effluent was pretreated physically using mechanical pulverisation and centrifugation to
produce a starch-rich wet biomass referred to as Total Sago Effluent Concentrate (TSEC). The TSEC was then utilised as a feedstock for bioethanol production in addition to
enhance the utilisation of lignocellulosic materials from sago residue as well as to minimise unethical disposal of valuable resources. Compositional analyses were conducted
on the TSEC prior to the enzymatic saccharification and fermentation process. Starch and
fibre analyses were conducted using the Phenol-sulfuric Acid (PSA) assay, Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF), Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), Klason Lignin determination and standard
protocol for ash content. Based on the results, TSEC comprised of 88.11 ± 2.09% sago effluent hydrolysate and 3.56 ± 0.80% sago hampas. The TSEC was subjected to further
compositional analyses whereby 1.31 ± 0.05% of free starch was found in the sago effluent hydrolysate whilst, solid component was consisted of 65.87 ± 4.25% starch, 5.95 ± 1.53% cellulose, 18.20 ± 1.60% hemicellulose, 5.25 ± 0.70% lignin and 0.58 ± 0.40% ash. These compositional values suggest that the TSEC is a desirable feedstock for bioethanol production via fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) catalysed by amylolytic enzymes (α-amylase and glucoamylase) and fermenting yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The SSF studies were conducted via fed-batch fermentation in both non-buffered and buffered broth with varying strengths (25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM) of citrate buffer at different biomass concentrations. Results indicated that SSF on TSEC
yielded maximum ethanol concentration of 23.44 ± 4.16 g/L with the Theoretical Ethanol Yield (TEY) of 62.94 ± 11.18% in the non-buffered broth. There was no significant difference in ethanol produced in the different buffered broths. The highest ethanol concentration detected in 25 mM was 23.22 ±2.44 g/L or 62.33 ± 6.57% TEY, followed by 55.33 ± 4.80% TEY (20.67± 2.85 g/L) in 50 mM. The highest ethanol yield detected in the sample buffered by 100 mM citrate buffer was at 20.61 ± 1.79 g/L with equivalent TEY of 55.33 ± 4.82%. This study concludes that TSEC is viable feedstock for bioethanol production via the fed-batch SSF process in a non-buffered fermentation system
Determination of Strength Improvements in the Acacia Hybrid Through the Combination of Age Groups at the Air-Dry Conditioning Stage
No full textAcacia hybrid is an important plantation species in Malaysia, but its use in structural applications is still limited due to the lack of comprehensive data on its engineering properties. This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of laminated or glulam Acacia hybrid timber in an air-dried condition for three age group combinations (7//10, 10//13, and 7//13 years old) to determine the optimal combination for structural
applications. The results showed that the 10//13-year-old combination had the best mechanical performance, along with the highest basis density (0.7099 g/cm3), highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) (16,335.6 N/mm2 ), and highest parallel compressive strength (56.998 N/mm2 ), while the 7//10-year-old combination showed the highest moisture content (14.94%) and highest perpendicular compressive strength (8.9256 N/mm2
). This study demonstrated that the combination of juvenile wood (7 years old) with mature wood (10 or 13 years old) increased strength by up to 43.06%, thus optimising the potential of Acacia hybrid in the construction industry. All combinations meet SG5 standards, with the 10//13-year-old combination recommended as the best choice for high-performance applications of glulam products
Micro Drilling 3D Printed Cobalt Chromium Molybdenum for Biomedical Applications : An Experimental Study on the Tool Wear and Machinability
Get PDFThis paper presents the evaluation and observation of the drillability characteristics of cobalt chromium molybdenum (CoCrMo) produced through 3 dimensional (3D) Additive Manufacturing technologies named Selective Laser Sintering. CoCrMo is regarded as one of the advanced materials which are currently garnering popularity in both engineering and medical applications. However, this material falls under the hard-to-cut materials category due to its unique properties such as high strength, toughness, wear resistance as well as low thermal conductivity. All these tend to hinder the machinability resulting in rapid tool wear and subsequently shorter tool life. 2 mm diameter holes were drilled on a 5-axis high precision machine under flood cutting conditions with varying cutting speed and tool geometry (point angles). Drilling was conducted on a 3D printed CoCrMo (60 × 60 × 4) plate, forces and tool wears are the outputs recorded from the experiments conducted. The best combination of tool geometry and cutting speed on machining 3D CoCrMo are then identified. The best combination when micro drilling 3D printed CoCrMo is with 50 m/min and using tool B (130° point angle) drill bit. This combination generated the least thrust force and the lowest tool wear overall, 208.995 N and 0.089 mm wear respectively. The result from this study contributes to the minimization of tool wear and improvements in micro drilling efficiency by selecting appropriate machining parameters when working with CoCrMo alloys