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Rheological study of natural fiber biocomposites: a review
No full textRheological properties are pivotal determinants across the materials range, spanning solids, liquids, and gases, elucidating their nuanced deformation responses under applied stresses. This knowledge assumes paramount significance in biocomposite material development, guiding the strategic formulation of these advanced materials. The intricate landscape of rheology unfolds through the exploration of diverse properties, including viscosity, yield stress, and relaxation times, employing multifaceted testing procedures such as dynamic and time–temperature assessments. In biocomposite material research, the seamless integration of matrix and reinforcement materials is a critical focal point. Rheological testing is an indispensable tool, proficiently gauging these distinct materials' complex interactions and binding nature. This paper intricately compiles the literature, explaining diverse testing methodologies an
SIMILAJAU’S GOLDEN SHORES AND THE GUARDIANS OF BIODIVERSITY
No full textNestled along the stunning coastline of Sarawak, Malaysia, Similajau National Park is a biodiversity hotspot and a vital sanctuary for sea turtles. Similajau’s Golden Shores and the Guardians of Biodiversity is a comprehensive exploration of this unique ecosystem, offering a multidisciplinary perspective on its ecological significance, conservation challenges, and the intricate relationships between its flora, fauna, and human communities. This groundbreaking work begins with an introduction to Similajau National Park, setting the stage for an in-depth examination of its geophysical and magnetic characteristics, which influence the nesting behaviors of sea turtles. Discover the secrets hidden in the sand as the book delves into the lives of Similajau’s turtles, their nesting habits, and the critical role of coastal vegetation in providing shade and protection for their eggs. The book also addresses pressing environmental issues, such as the impact of marine debris on turtle nesting beaches and the challenges posed by declining water quality in the park’s coastal areas. It explores the density of estuarine crocodiles in Sungai Likau, the diversity of plankton, and the indirect influence of soil fertility on the surrounding ecosystem. Beyond turtles, the book highlights the park’s rich biodiversity, including rapid assessments of potential medicinal plants, primates, and invertebrates, using cutting-edge techniques like environmental DNA (eDNA). It also examines the perceptions of the Bintulu community toward ecotourism, emphasizing the importance of balancing conservation with sustainable development. Rich with scientific insights, vivid imagery, and compelling narratives, Similajau’s Golden Shores and the Guardians of Biodiversity is an essential resource for ecologists, conservationists, and nature enthusiasts. It is both a call to action and a celebration of one of Southeast Asia’s most treasured natural wonders, offering hope and guidance for the preservation of these fragile ecosystems for generations to come
ASEAN-IPR WOMEN IN PEACE PROCESSES PROGRAMME RESEARCH DATA RESULTS SUBMISSION – TEMPLATE
No full textGBV,
Human security especially personal security. Security over scarce resources. The 1924 Kapit Peace-making was a pivotal event in Sarawak's history, bringing
together indigenous communities such as the Iban, Kayan, Kenyah, Kajang, and Apo-Kayan to establish peace. This peace-making process was primarily oral, reflecting the Brookes' preference for minimal written formalities in native affairs. The event effectively ended inter-ethnic conflicts and solidified Sarawak's commitment to unity and harmony. However, a subsequent conflict arose with the
formation of the Malaysian Federation. The Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, or Konfrontasi, which spanned from 1963 to 1966, was a war waged by Indonesia to
oppose Malaysia's formation. This conflict resulted in a breakdown of political, economic, and social relations, escalating to armed incursions, bomb attacks, and
acts of subversion. Indonesia's opposition was driven by its view that the Federation had a neo-colonial status, particularly due to the continued presence of British
military bases in Malaya and Singapore. Tensions were further compounded by the Communist insurgency in Sarawak, which had a predominantly Chinese composition. However, the insurgency was quelled in 1990 when remaining members of the Chinese Communist Party signed a treaty with the state, ending the threat
Automated Unit Testing Practice Based on The Embedded Software Development Platform
No full textEmbedded software plays an essential role in modern technological systems, where quality and reliability are critical. However, traditional testing methods often face
significant challenges in efficiency and coverage, creating a demand for more effective and comprehensive testing strategies. This study aims to explore automated testing
within embedded software development, focusing on its advantages, methodologies, erimental approach was adopted using automated unit testing tools to validate testing performance. The process covered functional, interface, user interface, and performance aspects. The results demonstrate
that automated testing enables faster issue detection, improves precision, and enhances testing efficiency. Broad test coverage is achievable through well-structured
automated unit testing, supported by best practices such as careful tool selection, clear and concise test scripting, early and continuous testing, and active stakeholder
collaboration. Automated testing therefore offers a practical and efficient solution to improve software quality in embedded systems. Future research should examine the
integration of automated and manual testing, security testing for embedded applications, and the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to
enhance testing capabilities
Marine Debris: The Unseen Struggle of Similajau National Park's Beaches
No full textNestled along the stunning coastline of Sarawak, Malaysia, Similajau National Park is a biodiversity hotspot and a vital sanctuary for sea turtles. Similajau’s Golden Shores and the Guardians of Biodiversity is a comprehensive exploration of this unique ecosystem, offering a multidisciplinary perspective on its ecological significance, conservation challenges, and the intricate relationships between its flora, fauna, and human communities. This groundbreaking work begins with an introduction to Similajau National Park, setting the stage for an in-depth examination of its geophysical and magnetic characteristics, which influence the nesting behaviors of sea turtles. Discover the secrets hidden in the sand as the book delves into the lives of Similajau’s turtles, their nesting habits, and the critical role of coastal vegetation in providing shade and protection for their eggs. The book also addresses pressing environmental issues, such as the impact of marine debris on turtle nesting beaches and the challenges posed by declining water quality in the park’s coastal areas. It explores the density of estuarine crocodiles in Sungai Likau, the diversity of plankton, and the indirect influence of soil fertility on the surrounding ecosystem. Beyond turtles, the book highlights the park’s rich biodiversity, including rapid assessments of potential medicinal plants, primates, and invertebrates, using cutting-edge techniques like environmental DNA (eDNA). It also examines the perceptions of the Bintulu community toward ecotourism, emphasizing the importance of balancing conservation with sustainable development. Rich with scientific insights, vivid imagery, and compelling narratives, Similajau’s Golden Shores and the Guardians of Biodiversity is an essential resource for ecologists, conservationists, and nature enthusiasts. It is both a call to action and a celebration of one of Southeast Asia’s most treasured natural wonders, offering hope and guidance for the preservation of these fragile ecosystems for generations to come
ESTUARINE CROCODILE IN SUNGAI LIKAU
No full textCrocodile density in SNP was 1.14 without hatchlings per km. Crocodiles of different sizes could be seen in the river during the survey, suggesting that a healthy crocodile population in the river. Continuous monitoring should be carried out, as one of the mitigation measures to ensure the safety of humans, crocodiles and turtles
Malay Rebab: Sound Analysis of the Kelantan Traditional Musical Instrument
No full textThe ‘Malay’ rebab is a vertical, strung chordophone played similarly to a cello. The rebab strings sit on a bridge. The bridge is placed on a buffalo intestine on the front face. The buffalo intestine surface is pressed by the bridge in such a way that the string tension is not in a fully stable position. A ball of beeswax attached near the bridge mutes the sound reverberations. This investigation was undertaken by analyzing the rebab sound utilizing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for spectrum analysis via a PicoScope. The highest note is Bb (Bb3 = 0.231 kHz), played on the 1st string. The intermediate note is F (F3 = 0.172 kHz) played on the 2nd string. The lowest note is C (C3 = 0.135 kHz), played on the 3rd string. For string 1, the fundamental pitches (f0) were 0.222 kHz, 0.237 kHz and 0.224 kHz for rebab A, B, and C, respectively. For string 2, the f0 were 0.174 kHz, 0.177 kHz and 0.168 kHz for rebab A, B and C respectively. For string 3, the f0 were 0.125 kHz, 0.149 kHz and 0.126 kHz for rebab A, B and C respectively. All the strings show non-harmonicity
Mycelial Menace: A Fusarium Horror in the Haematologic Shadows
No full textAcute myeloid leukaemia is one of the primary underlying conditions associated with invasive fusariosis, which often
manifests as disseminated disease with pneumonia, fungaemia, and multiple skin lesions 1 . While yeast infections
remain the predominant cause of fungaemia in patients with malignancies, the incidence of mould infections is rising
and warrants greater clinical attention
INTEGRATING LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND MODERN PRACTICES FOR SUSTAINABLE DURIAN CULTIVATION IN PADAWAN, SARAWAK
No full textThis research, conducted in Padawan, Sarawak, explores sustainable durian cultivation by examining the integration of traditional knowledge and modern agricultural methods. Using a qualitative approach involving interviews with local
farmers and agricultural officers, the study found that traditional knowledge is not widely applied to common durian varieties, with farmers employing a relatively simple cultivation approach. However, for hybrid varieties introduced by the agricultural office, farmers actively combine traditional knowledge with modern techniques and official guidance. This finding highlights the potential for integrating diverse knowledge systems when new methods are introduced. The research emphasizes the importance of valuing both traditional knowledge and scientific
advancements in developing sustainable and productive durian farming systems that ensure the region's long-term viabilit
Preserving Heritage: Exploring the Cultural Essence and Symbolism of Bidayuh Motifs
No full textBidayuh is one of the indigenous communities in Borneo, Sarawak, that possesses a deeprooted artistic identity that remains underrepresented in contemporary design spaces. The term "Bidayuh" stems from "Bi" signifying "belongs to" and "Dayuh" meaning "land", collectively conveying the essence of "People of the Land". Renowned for their intricate beadwork, weaving, and artisanal craftmanship, the cultural essence of Bidayuh art reflects a profound connection to their natural surroundings and cultural heritage, with traditional costumes worn during festivals, rituals, and ceremonies featuring colors that each carry symbolic meanings reflecting Bidayuh identity. Their artistic expressions are further distinguished by elaborate
patterns and motifs, inspired by the elements of the flora and fauna reflected in their nature and environment, serving both aesthetic and symbolic meanings. Despite their richness, many Bidayuh motifs and their associated meanings risk being forgotten due to limited documentation and the pressure of modernization. Cultural heritage may fade over time without preservation efforts. Therefore, thoughtfully blending it with a modern setting helps keep traditions alive while making them more relatable and appealing to contemporary audiences (Kong et al., 2024; Ruiting & Inchan, 2024). Understanding and documenting these motifs is
therefore crucial for safeguarding the community’s intangible cultural heritage. This study utilizes qualitative methods to document and interpret Bidayuh motifs through in-depth interviews with cultural experts and artisans, aiming to provide a comprehensive reference on
their forms, meanings, and cultural importance. The findings not only preserve the symbolic knowledge embedded in these designs but also reinforce their role as living representations of Bidayuh identity