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Exploring the interplay between traditional Bai dwelling conservation and cultural identity under urbanization in Dali, China
No full textTraditional dwellings serve as important carriers of ethnic cultural identity, yet face increasing pressure from urbanization. This study investigates the bidirectional interaction mechanisms between traditional Bai dwelling conservation and cultural identity formation under urbanization pressures in Dali, China, addressing critical gaps in understanding how heritage preservation and cultural continuity mutually influence each other in rapidly changing ethnic minority communities. A mixed-methods research design was employed, integrating quantitative surveys of 480 Bai households across 12 traditional villages with qualitative interviews and spatial analysis, utilizing structural equation modeling, geographically weighted regression, and thematic analysis to examine conservation-identity relationships across varying urbanization contexts. Results demonstrate significant bidirectional causal relationships between conservation engagement and cultural identity (β = 0.394 and 0.312, both p<0.001), with community participation and intergenerational contact serving as key mediating mechanisms, while urbanization level negatively moderates these relationships (β = −0.187, p<0.001). Notably, intermediate urbanization areas achieve optimal conservation-identity synergy, with spatial clustering revealing geographic heterogeneity in heritage-identity dynamics. These findings suggest that traditional dwelling conservation and cultural identity serve as mutually reinforcing processes rather than independent phenomena, creating positive feedback loops that enhance both preservation outcomes and cultural continuity through embodied practice and community engagement. The study informs the development of community-centered conservation strategies that recognize the intimate connections between physical preservation and cultural vitality, suggesting that sustainable heritage conservation requires integrated approaches that nurture both architectural integrity and cultural identity processes for long-term preservation success
Trust Management in the Internet of Vehicles: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art
No full textThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) represents a transformative paradigm within the context of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with the aim to enhance road safety, traffic efficacy, environmental sustainability, and user convenience. However, as IoV networks increase in scale and complexity, ensuring trustworthy interactions among vehicles, infrastructure, and service providers becomes paramount. This paper, therefore, presents a comprehensive review of trustworthiness management for an IoV network. Firstly, the transition of Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) to IoV followed by an examination of the notion of trust in various domains has been explored. Subsequently, the characteristics of trust, salient constituents of trust, key trust attributes, trust evaluation parameters, and trust-based attacks in the context of an IoV network have been delineated. Moreover, the five key processes involved in the trust management, i.e., trust formation, trust propagation, trust aggregation, trust update, and trust decision, have been investigated vis-à-vis the state-of-the-art. Furthermore, the advanced trust management models, i.e., conventional and artificial intelligence-based ones, have been analyzed in-depth. Finally, simulation tools and datasets employed in IoV-based trust management models have been introduced, along with an outline of key open research directions in this domain
Factors associated with personal protective equipment use among agricultural pesticide handlers in Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study
No full textIntroduction Personal protective equipment (PPE) mitigates pesticide harm, but adherence remains inconsistent among smallholder farmers. We estimated the prevalence of full PPE use and identified associated factors among agricultural
pesticide handlers in Samarahan, Sarawak using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods A cross-sectional survey of 297 farmers who handled pesticides within the past six months was conducted using interviewer-administered questionnaire
on sociodemographic, knowledge and HBM constructs. Logistic regression with purposeful selection examined factors associated with full PPE use.
Results Full PPE adherence was 17.2% (51/297). Most clothing items were widely used, while ocular and face protection were lowest (goggles 39.1%; face shield 27.3%).
Younger age (aOR = 0.887 per year increase, 95% CI [0.839, 0.938], p < 0.001) and more farming years (aOR = 1.046, 95% CI [1.006, 1.088], p = 0.024) were associated with
full PPE use. Among HBM constructs, higher perceived susceptibility and severity (aOR = 2.618; 95% CI 1.571, 4.365; p < 0.001) and cues to action (aOR = 2.665, 95% CI
[1.499, 4.740], p < 0.001) increased odds, whereas perceived barriers decreased the odds (aOR = 0.529, 95% CI [0.355–0.790], p = 0.002). Perceived benefits showed an
unexpected inverse association, possibly reflecting competing discomforts or practical barriers to comprehensive PPE use (aOR = 0.303, 95% CI [0.100, 0.921], p = 0.035).
Conclusion Full PPE use was uncommon with ocular and face protection notably underused. Factors clustered around threat appraisal, cues and barriers alongside age and experience, illustrating operation of HBM in smallholder tropical agriculture.
Findings provided a baseline for targeted training, prompts and barrier-reduction strategies in Sarawak
Performance of Transformer Insulation Paper in the Presence of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) in Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME)
No full textThe reliability of power transformers depends greatly on their insulation systems, which traditionally use Mineral Oil (MO) and Kraft paper. Due to environmental concerns with MO, Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) has emerged as a sustainable alternative, though it requires performance enhancement for high-voltage use. This study investigates the effect of adding 0.02 g/L Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) to POME on the mechanical and dielectric properties of Kraft paper, under both unaged and thermally aged conditions. Tensile strength (TS) was evaluated in both machine (MD) and cross directions (CD), while dielectric strength was assessed using AC Breakdown Voltage (ACBDV) tests per IEC standards. Tensile testing confirmed the anisotropic behavior of Kraft paper, with MWCNT addition improving strength by 13 % in the cross direction and showing only a 1.4 % decrease after aging. In the machine direction, strength remained high with minimal changes. All samples met IEC 60641-3-2 standards. AC breakdown voltage improved by 5.8 % in unaged and 3.0 % in aged MWCNT-treated samples, while aging effects were less severe compared to pure POME samples
Sustainable feed processing methods to enhance growth and 2 digestibility in freshwater aquaculture: A review
No full textFreshwater fish farming is one of the fastest-growing food sectors, contributing significantly to global food security. Despite the impressive global growth of aquaculture, high operational costs remain a major challenge, with feed production costs constituting the highest proportion of expenses. To reduce reliance on expensive materials, alternative ingredients have been explored, but issues such as reduced digestibility may arise. To address these challenges, various processing methods have been developed, ranging from traditional to advanced technologies. This review provides comprehensive insights into these methods, their applications, and their impact on growth performance and nutrient digestibility, with a focus on freshwater fish. Evidence from previous studies shows that alternative ingredients derived from poultry by-products, fisheries by-products, plants, and insects have been processed using techniques such as thermal treatment, extraction, bioconversion, nanoparticles, and pulsed electric fields. These approaches have shown positive effects in improving the growth and digestion of fish. Among these, fermentation methods stand out for their multiple benefits such as converting low-value ingredients into high-value protein sources, providing pre-digested nutrients, additional digestive enzymes, and probiotics. They have a lower environmental impact, use less energy, produce minimal pollution, and are cost-effective. Processing methods continue to evolve to ensure high product output, improved nutrient retention and functionality. Selecting processes that minimize energy use, reduce environmental impact, and lower costs while enhancing ingredient functionality is essential for achieving sustainability in aquaculture
Determinants of technical efficiency in the ASEAN manufacturing industry
No full textThis study investigates the determinants of technical efficiency in the manufacturing sector across six ASEAN economies Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam over the period 2000–2022. The purpose is to assess cross-country variations in efficiency performance and identify key macroeconomic and demographic drivers that shape long-term productivity. The analysis adopts a two-stage framework that combines Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Tobit regression. The DEA results reveal substantial heterogeneity, with Singapore consistently achieving the highest efficiency, while Vietnam persistently lagged behind. Although an overall upward trend is observed, efficiency in Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam declined notably after the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting the sector’s vulnerability to external shocks. The Tobit regression results show that foreign direct investment (FDI) is a significant positive determinant, with a 1% increase in FDI inflows enhancing efficiency by 0.44%. In contrast, macroeconomic instability and demographic pressures undermine performance, as a 1% rise in inflation reduces efficiency by 1.14%, and a 1% increase in the elderly population share decreases efficiency by 2.88%. These findings highlight the importance of policies that promote sustained FDI inflows, stabilize inflation, and address aging through labor market reforms and productivity-enhancing measures. Strengthening manufacturing efficiency is essential for sustaining long-term growth, boosting global competitiveness, and advancing ASEAN’s regional integration agenda
Visualisation of User Stories to UML use Case Diagram
Full text linkThe growing usage of Agile methodology in software development projects among industry professionals (software engineers, system analysts, requirement engineers, etc.) and academia (software engineering students) leads to the need for the implementation of UML diagram for requirements modelling. Use case diagram, an example of UML diagram, is a very powerful tool to model the requirements specified by the users while also helping the development teams understand the functionalities and interactions between users and the system. However, there is a lack of a system or tool that can perform the operation to visualise the use case diagram directly from user stories because generating this diagram manually requires a deep understanding of the requirements and effective communications with stakeholders and it consume lots of time while previous studies which relate to this study are unable to fulfil the relationship elements of use case diagram. This study will introduce a method to visualise the use case diagram from structured textual user stories by utilising Natural Language Processing (NLP) and application of logical rules which will be done in four stages, namely Requirement Gathering, Natural Language Processing, Application of Logical Rules and UML Diagram Generation. A tool named Stanford CoreNLP will be used to perform four techniques of NLP: tokenisation, stemming and lemmatisation, POS tagging and dependency parsing to process the textual user stories, followed by applying the logical rules before generating the use case diagram. This study will propose a method to solve the gap, which is the problem with the generation of relationship elements, while contribute a semi-automated approach to generate a use case diagram from user stories
The Impact of Leadership on Innovative Work Behaviour and Adaptive Performance in Jordanian Higher Education Institutions
No full textThis study investigates the impact of inclusive and authentic leadership styles on innovative
work behaviour and adaptive performance among academic staff in Jordanian Higher
Education Institutions (HEIs), with the mediating role of psychological capital in shaping
these relationships and the sector type as moderate. Although previous research has looked
at different leadership styles in other fields, there are not many studies that particularly
investigate at how the concepts are utilised in Jordanian higher education in general and
among academic staff in specific. The objectives of this study are to examine the direct
impact of inclusive leadership and authentic leadership on both innovative work behavior
and adaptive performance addition to the role of psychological capital as a mediator. Also,
the sector type as moderator. The theoretical framework developed for this study is based on
the Social Exchange Theory and Self Determentaion Theory. A quantitative research
approach was employed, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire distributed to academic
staff. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is utilised to assess proposal hypotheses using
empirical data gathered from 422 participants in 26 Jordanian HEIs. The study implied the
cluster method. Data are analyzed using smart PLS and SPSS. The findings indicate that
both inclusive and authentic leadership styles significantly contribute to enhancing
innovative work behaviour and adaptive performance among academic staff in Jordanian
HEIs. Furthermore, psychological capital was found to mediate these relationships However,
certain relationships, such as those involving psychological capital and other variables, are
found to be non-significant. Also, there was no role for the sector type in moderating the
relation between AL and IWB and while it has a moderating role between IL and IWB and
AP. These results highlight the critical role of leadership styles in shaping organizational
outcomes and underscore the nuanced nature of relationships within higher education settings, providing practical implications for leadership development and organizational
management in Jordanian HEIs
Identifying Key Sectors in the Economies of Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular Malaysia: An Input–Output Analysis
No full textThis paper investigates the key economic sectors of Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular Malaysia using the input–output (I–O) framework based on the 2015 interregional input–output (IRIO) table. Linkage analysis is employed to assess both backward and forward linkages (weighted and unweighted approach) to identify sectors with the highest capacity to stimulate production across the economy. The findings indicate significant structural differences across regions. Sabah remains resource-driven with agriculture, forestry, and food processing as its dominant sectors; Sarawak is heavily reliant on resource-based industries, particularly oil, gas, and energy-intensive manufacturing. Meanwhile, Peninsular Malaysia demonstrates a more diversified economic structure, led by wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing, finance, and services. These results highlight the importance of region-specific policies to strengthen intersectoral linkages and achieve a more balanced national development
Empowering Society 5.0: Digitalization, Sustainability, and Global Collaboration
No full textPraise be to Almighty God for the completion of this book entitled Empowering Society 5.0: Digitalization, Sustainability, and Global Collaboration. This book emerges from the collective spirit of scholars, researchers, and practitioners from various countries who share insights, research findings, and best practices in addressing the dynamic challenges of the Society 5.0 era—a human-centered society supported by the advancement of digital technology.
The keyword “Empowering Society 5.0” reflects the central theme of this book: how societies including academics, micro-enterprises, educators, and global communities adapt and innovate in an increasingly digital world. Empowerment in this context goes beyond technological mastery; it embodies awareness, empathy, and cross-sector collaboration aimed at fostering inclusive and sustainable progress. This spirit is evident throughout the chapters, which explore themes such as digital literacy, artificial intelligence (AI), blended learning, and women empowerment, representing human-oriented transformations in the digital age.
The subtitle “Digitalization, Sustainability, and Global Collaboration” captures the three major pillars that frame the book.
• Digitalization highlights the transformation of systems and processes across sectors, including the digitalization of SMEs’ financial reports through the SIJAK application, the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in healthcare, and the integration of AI and blended learning in education.
• Sustainability addresses issues of economic and social resilience through sound accounting practices, strengthening SMEs’ competitiveness, and promoting culture-based sustainable tourism.
• Global Collaboration showcases the shared commitment of contributors from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Russia, emphasizing the necessity of international cooperation in navigating both challenges and opportunities in the era of Society 5.0.
This book adopts an academic and international perspective, addressing a wide range of disciplines including economics, education, health, culture, and international relations. Its interdisciplinary approach makes this volume not only valuable for academics but also for policymakers, practitioners, and communities committed to sustainable human development.
Furthermore, Empowering Society 5.0 embodies inclusivity and participation, aligning with the principles of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the vision of Society 5.0 as a human-centered technological advancement that enhances overall well-being.
It is our sincere hope that this book will inspire readers to continue contributing to the creation of an adaptive, innovative, and collaborative society in the digital era. We extend our deepest gratitude to all authors, academic partners, and institutions that have supported this book. May it serve as both a reference and a source of inspiration for future initiatives that empower society toward a sustainable and human-centered future