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Assessing the Impact of High-Quality Economic Development on Carbon Productivity in China
No full textUnder China’s “dual carbon” strategy, enhancing carbon productivity has emerged as a crucial pathway for advancing green economic transformation and aligning high-quality
development with carbon neutrality. As an indicator of economic output per unit of carbon emissions, carbon productivity is a measure of both ecological and economic value. While pursuing high-quality growth, China faces complex challenges, including growing resource and environmental constraints, industrial restructuring pressures, and significant regional disparities. With its commitment to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, China must operate within a narrow timeframe to fulfill its international responsibilities as a global economic power.This study investigates carbon productivity in 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2008 to 2021 using an integrated analytical framework grounded in theories of sustainable development, low-carbon economy and decoupling theory, and spatial econometrics theories. It constructs a multidimensional index system to assess the influence of high-quality development on carbon productivity across static, dynamic, and spatial dimensions. Empirical analysis using static panel models, the system of Generalized Method of Moments, and the Spatial Durbin Model reveals that while carbon productivity in China has generally increased, regional disparities persist; most notably, there is a pattern of higher productivity in eastern regions as compared to western regions. High-quality economic development yields a significant positive impact on carbon productivity, particularly over the long term, indicating strong path dependence and structural reinforcement. Furthermore, spatial spillover effects are evident, whereby advancements in high-quality development within one region also improve the carbon productivity of neighboring areas. Additionally, factors such as energy intensity, urbanization, government environmental investment, and marketization exhibit diverse influences on carbon productivity across regions.Drawing from these findings, the study proposes targeted policy recommendations, including deepening the high-quality development agenda, promoting green industrial transformation, optimizing the energy structure, strengthening cross-regional coordination, and enhancing fiscal environment supports. It also underscores the strategic role of the state�owned sector in driving green transition, advocating for a “Chinese path” to low-carbon development—one that avoids the conventional Western trajectory of “pollute first, control later” and instead aligns with China’s developmental stage and governance framework
ORCHIDS
No full textOrchids, belonging to the family Orchidaceae, are a remarkable group of flowering plants, primarily found in tropical regions that are characterized by high annual precipitation and minimal seasonal variation. Renowned for their floral diversity and unique forms, orchids are
among the most advanced of monocotyledons. Malaysia is particularly rich in orchid species, with an estimated 972 species in Peninsular Malaysia and approximately 3,000 species in Borneo. These plants exhibit two growth
patterns — sympodial and monopodial — and can thrive in terrestrial, epiphytic, lithophytic and saprophytic habitats. The island, with 10% of the world’s total, is considered a centre of diversity for the group
Togunggak : Traditional Music of Kadazandusun
No full textThe togunggak is a traditional musical instrument made of bamboo. This work observed the unique sound characteristics to define the notes using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) via a picoscope. The sound characteristics are represented by the dominant frequency with the corresponding intensity. The note of the biggest (tog. 6) to the smallest (tog. 1) bamboo tube is recorded as from G3 to G4. This work reveals that tog. 2 to tog. 5 for togunggak A produce the notes E4, D4, B3, and A3, which is not similar to togunggak B, i.e., E4, D4, C4, Bb3. All bamboo tubes produced fundamental frequency with the presence of two lower partials at 100 Hz and 200 Hz and weaker overtones (except tog. 6) in their frequency spectrum. Using symbol S for semitone dan T for tone (i.e. 2 semitone), the note interval of the tog. 6 to tog. 1 can be presented as TT2TT2T i.e., the G3, A3, B3, D4, E4, G4 note interval are presented by G3-A3 as T, A3-B3 as T, B3-D4 as 2T, D4-E4 as T and E4-G4 as 2T. The time frequency analysis (TFA) displays all the spectrograms with distinct prominent fundamental frequency peak
Indie Writers’ Thoughts On Malaysia’s Political Reality: Lukacs’ Realism Analysis
No full textAbstract
The study of realism has now received a lot of interest after being rejected and marginalised for a while by literary activities in this country. As a trend that is still in its developing phase in this country, there are still not many studies conducted using this theory in total found in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is presented to fill this existing gap, as well as to measure the enrichment
of the literary studies corpus in this country. This study examines the thoughts of Indie writers on the Malaysian political situation, which was analysed from four selected Indie novels, namely Aku Rindu 90’s (2012), Surat-Surat Untuk Kaherah (2013), Kunang Pesisir Morten (2015) and
Budak Kelas Belakang (2018). This study was conducted using Lukacs’ Realism criticism framework (1963, 1978, 1989, 1990) with three objectives as targets are to identify the existence of Indie writers’ thoughts towards improving Malaysia’s political situation, to present the impact
of Indie writers’ thoughts on Malaysia’s political situation and lastly to rectify the community’s negative perception towards Indie works. This study eventually succeeded in identifying Indie writers’ thoughts that have an impact towards improving Malaysia’s political situation, which can
be used as evidence to change the community’s negative perception of Indie works.Keywords: Indie works, Lukacs’ Realism criticism, Malaysia’s political situation, negative
perception, study of realism
Perception of patient safety culture among perioperative staff : exploring the roles of individual factors and organizational factors
No full textBackground
Patient safety is a fundamental concern in healthcare, especially in high-risk settings such as operating theaters, where there is an increased likelihood of adverse events. Nonetheless, studies within the operating theater
setting remain limited. This study examined the influence of organizational and individual factors, and the moderating
effects of job position, gender, and experience toward patient safety culture among perioperative staff at Sarawak
General Hospital (SGH) in Malaysia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 137 perioperative staff members, including
doctors and nurses, selected through proportionate stratified sampling. The Safety Attitude Questionnaire-Operating Room (SAQ-OR) and Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was adapted in this study. The responses were analyzed via descriptive analysis and partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).
Results Most respondents (67.2%) were registered nurses. The stress recognition dimension had the highest mean
positive response rate at 73.0%, whereas the perceptions of the management dimension had the lowest at 22.6%. The
study findings revealed a significant positive relationship between individual factors and the perception of patient
safety culture (β=0.389, p=0.008). In contrast, the association between organizational factors and the perception of patient safety culture was positive but not significant (β=0.293, p=0.054). The moderating effects of position (β=0.048, p=0.572), gender (β=0.183, p=0.515), and years of experience in a specialty (β = −0.103, p=0.187) were also nonsignificant.
Conclusion
Overall, the perception of patient safety culture in the SGH operating theater was perceived as moderate, with substantial room for improvement. The lowest positive response rate in the management dimension implies the need for the organization to address staffing shortage issues and improve workplace support to increase patient safety. Individual factors, such as job satisfaction and stress recognition, were significantly associated with these perceptions. With a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 42.6% in this structural model, additional influencing factors may be relevant. Future studies should explore influences such as government policies, budget allocation, and technological advancements to further enhance patient safety culture in operating theaters
The Effect of Corporate Governance and Firm Performance in Malaysia
No full textThis study aims to examine the effect of corporate governance and firm performance in Malaysia. The firm performance will be the dependent variable in this study and measured by return on assets (ROA). Corporate governance is the independent variable used in this research and consists of 5 important variables, which are CEO duality, board independence, board size, board meetings and audit committee size. Bursa Malaysia's 85 listed companies will be included in this research, analysed and tested by ordinary least squares (OLS). The findings support that only board size and audit committee size have a significant association with ROA (firm performance), while CEO duality, board independence and board meetings have an insignificant effect on ROA (firm performance). This study also provides significant benefits to various related parties like investors, company management, future researchers and more
Empowering Children Through a Mobile Application for Sexual Abuse Prevention: The Supporting Roles of Parents and Teachers in a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Indonesia
No full textBackground: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a significant issue, partly due to the lack of evidence-based prevention programs involving parents and teachers. In Indonesia, no integrated CSA prevention app exists for parents, teachers, and children. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Mobile Application (CSAP_Mob App) in empowering parents and teachers to improve children’s knowledge and attitudes, as well as parental and teacher knowledge and communication practices. The primary
outcome is the change in children’s knowledge and attitudes, while the secondary outcome is the change in knowledge and
communication practices among parents and teachers.
Methods: This cluster-randomized controlled trial included 56 teachers, 207 parents, and 212 children from elementary schools in two regencies in West Java, Indonesia. The intervention group received sexual abuse prevention education for four weeks via the CSAP_Mob App, while the control group followed standard school procedures. Effectiveness was assessed through pre- and post-tests
measuring parents’ and teachers’ knowledge and communication practices, as well as children’s knowledge and attitudes toward recognizing and avoiding CSA. We used the Wilcoxon test to examine changes within groups and the Mann–Whitney U-test to compare differences between groups and calculate effect sizes.
Results: The intervention group showed a significant improvementin knowledge and communication practices among parents (p=0.001; 0.015) and teachers (p=0.001; 0.001), Conversely, parents (p=0.214; 0.870) and teachers (p=0.025; 0.936) in the control group showed no significant improvement. Both groups of children improved in knowledge and attitudes (p = 0.001). Significant differences were observed between the control and intervention groups following the intervention in children’s knowledge (p=0.001)
and attitudes (p=0.001), as well as in parents’ knowledge (p=0.001), and teachers’ knowledge (p=0.001) and communication practices (p=0.001). Moderate effect size gains in children’s knowledge and attitudes, as well as in parents’ and teachers’ knowledge and communication practices, indicate the app’s effectiveness with parent and teacher involvement.
Conclusion: CSAP Mob Application effectively improved children’s knowledge and attitudes on sexual abuse prevention, as well as parents’ and teachers’ knowledge and communication practices. These findings highlight the importance of empowering parents and teachers through mobile-based interventions to strengthen child sexual abuse prevention efforts
Exploring the intersection of EFL learning motivation and filial piety : a literature review
No full textThe global demand for English-proficient workers has increased EFL learning, but motivation issues have emerged, particularly in Eastern cultures where values differ from Western ideals. This study explores how filial piety, a core Eastern value, influences the motivation of Chinese EFL learners. By reviewing six studies from 2015 to 2024 through an integrative literature review, the paper finds that filial piety motivates learners to achieve social recognition and success in language learning. The findings expand on the author's doctoral research at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, which examines speaking strategies, anxiety, motivation, and attitudes among Chinese undergraduates. This study highlights the importance of cultural factors in shaping language learning motivation, with implications for language policy and EFL research
Sustainable Development and Challenges of Iban Handicrafts in Enhancing the Local Economy
No full textThe abstract is a summary of the thesis, which consists of a brief introduction, problem
statement, investigation methods, results and the general conclusion. The abstract should be
informative and clear as reference to others. It should be written in a single paragraph and
the maximum page number is 2 pages. Font type is Times New Roman and the font size is
12. Line spacing is double-spacing with a maximum of two-page long. Keywords of up to 5
words should be provided. For a thesis written in English, a translated version of the abstract
in Malay should be provided and vice versa. The translated version of the abstract should
have the thesis title.
The Iban community in Sarawak is renowned for its intricate handicrafts, deeply rooted in
cultural heritage and identity, yet the sustainability and economic viability of this traditional
craft face significant challenges. This study explores these obstacles from an economic
perspective, focusing on marketing constraints, competition from mass-produced imports,
limited business acumen, and inadequate government support. Through qualitative research
involving interviews and observations, data were gathered from artisans, government
officials, and experts in Sarawak, revealing that limited market access, insufficient
promotion, and competition from cheaper imports significantly undermine the industry.
Additionally, gaps in government assistance such as funding, infrastructure, and training
programs exacerbate the problem, while many artisans lack essential business and financial
management skills, further hindering their ability to market and sustain their craft. The
research highlights promising efforts by organizations like the Sarawak Craft Council to
formalize support structures, but these require robust implementation to be effective. This
study underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to empower artisans, including
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enhanced government policies, targeted training programs, and innovative marketing
approaches, to revitalize the Iban handicraft industry and ensure its cultural preservation and
contribution to economic development in Sarawa
The Asymmetric Response of Macroeconomic Indicators to Shocks of Oil Price in Yemen
No full textYemen's economy, which heavily relies on oil revenues, is exposed to the effects, whether negative or positive of oil shocks in the global market. For this reason, this study targeted YEMEN, aiming mainly to examine the asymmetric responses of key macroeco-nomic indicators, namely "gross domestic product, inflation, exchange rate, and the unemployment rate" to shocks of oil prices from 1991 to 2023. Additional aims include the examination of both short and long-run associations among these variables and the shocks of oil prices, and the diagnosis of the "Dutch disease” symptoms in these indicators alongside some key economic sectors. To realize this, the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) and its associated bootstrap NARDL for an augmented analysis of cointegration were adopted. In addition, an OLS regression was used as well for further analysis. According to findings, variables were found to be cointegrated in all models. More specifically, GDP has significant positive short-run association with only negative shocks of oil prices and significant positive long-run association with both negative and positive shocks. Thus, GDP was found to respond asymmetrically to both shocks in both long and short runs. Regarding the inflation rate, Short-term negative shocks were found to be significantly associated with inflation, while positive but negligible associations were found in the long run. Therefore, the asymmetric impact of both shocks was spotted in the short run only. Much like GDP, the exchange rate responded asymmetrically to both shocks in both long and short runs. The association, however, was found to be significantly positive with the positive shocks in the long run, and significantly positive in response to negative shocks in the short run. As for the unemployment rate, it was noticeable that in the long run, the unemployment rate spiked due to negative shocks more than its rise due to positive ones. Thus, its response to oil shocks was asymmetric only in the long run. Additionally, the magnitude of negative oil price shocks generally exceeded that of positive ones for all variables. Moreover, the research indicates there is a one-way causal relationship from oil price shocks to the exchange rate, with no evidence of reverse causation. Lastly, signs of Dutch disease in the Yemeni economy were observed, particularly affecting key indicators like unemployment and the exchange rate. However, the impact was less obvious compared to that in the key non-oil tradable sectors such as agriculture, services, and manufacturing. To address these issues, this study recommends that Yemeni policymakers focus on diversifying revenue sources to reduce dependence on oil. Implementing both short and long-term strategies will be essential to mitigate current and future economic shocks related to oil price fluctuations.
Keywords: Asymmetry, NARDL, Augmented ARDL, Oil price shocks, Yeme