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Historiografi Nusantara dalam Seni Kontemporari: Interpretasi Sejarah, Budaya dan Identiti Melalui Karya Roslisham Ismail @ Ise dan Ahmad Fuad Osman
No full textArtikel ini membincangkan usaha membina perspektif baharu dalam menyelidiki historiografi Alam Melayu dan Nusantara melalui karya seni kontemporari. Penelitian terhadap sejarah, budaya dan antropologi Melayu ini dilakukan ke atas karya-karya seni kontemporari oleh dua seniman iaitu Roslisham Ismail @ ISE dan Ahmad Fuad Osman di Pameran NUSA, sebuah pameran koleksi tetap Balai Seni Negara. Penelititan dan pemerhatian ini dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan kaedah Praktik sebagai Penyelidikan atau Practice as Research (PaR). Pa Rini dijalankan dengan mendirikan pameran NUSA itu sendiri serta mengamati karya dari dua seniman tersebut. Kajian ini menemui terdapat penerapan interdisplin yang menggabungkan sejarah, budaya, dan seni visual untuk menginterpretasi semula naratif tradisional pada karya-karya dua seniman tersebut. Elemen-elemen historiografi, seperti peristiwa, tokoh, dan simbol, dapat diterjemahkan menjadi mesej visual yang relevan dengan konteks semasa. Selain itu, aspek keunikan identiti Nusantara, seperti adat, mitos, dan tradisi lisan, yang dijadikan inspirasi utama dalam penciptaan karya seni juga ditonjolkan dalam pengkaryaan seni kontemporari. Oleh itu, dapat disimpulkan bahawa terdapat potensi pada seni kontemporari sebagai medium komunikasi yang mampu menyampaikan sejarah dengan cara yang dinamik dan inklusif. Hasil dapatan dan dokumentasi dari kajian ini diharapkan dapat memperkayakan wacana terhadap seni kontemporari, historiografi, identiti serta menggalakkan pemahaman mendalam tentang warisan Nusantara dalam konteks global
Consumer-centered sustainability : A study on Gen Z’s motivation to engage in transformable garment co-design
No full textEmploying a Transformable Garment Co-Design (TGCD) represents a sustainable design strategy that provides a solution for balancing resource conservation with consumer demands for enhanced lifestyle quality. However, the willingness to accept this innovative approach remains underexplored, and the key factors influencing their readiness have yet to be identified. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study aims to investigate the roles of appreciation for aesthetics and functionality (from a positive attitude) and perceived prior experience (from perceived behavioral control) as significant variables impacting the willingness of the young consumer, particularly Gen Z, to engage with TGCD. A quantitative research method was used, utilizing random sampling and collecting data through a survey of Gen Z university students in Zhejiang Province, China. A total of 375 respondents participated in the survey. Hotelling’s T-squared test in SPSS was employed to evaluate the significance of the proposed factors. The findings indicated that appreciation for aesthetics and functionality, as well as a positive attitude and perceived prior experience with TGCD, significantly influence Gen Z's willingness to adopt this design approach. This research extends the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). It contributes to the broader field of sustainable design, particularly within the context of Total Green Circular Design (TGCD) in China, by offering insights into the market potential of this innovative strategy in garment design
Impact of Iron, Silicon and Boron Nanoparticles on the AC Breakdown Voltage of Rice Bran Oil in the Presence of CTAB
No full textThe power and energy sector is embracing modern technology across various scientific fields to enhance efficiency, particularly with the integration of distributed generation
and smart grids. A crucial element in power transmission and distribution is the Transformer, which is commonly filled with oil and used in both high voltage transmission and low voltage distribution. To improve the operational efficiency of these large machines, researchers are conducting studies to develop insulating oils with high dielectric strength. This research aims to enhance the dielectric properties of
natural oil-based insulating fluids by incorporating suitable nanoparticles. Edible oil such as rice bran oil has been selected for this purpose. Nanoparticles such as iron
(Fe3O4), silicon (SiO2) and Boron (h-BN) have been chosen as additives. The breakdown Voltage is compared among different samples. The impact of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant was also investigated. The results obtained demonstrate the potential to create natural vegetable-based oils with nanomaterial additives, such as white graphene, which possess superior qualities compared to traditional mineralbased transformer oils. The concentration of each nanoparticle used is 0.01, 0.025, and 0.05 g/L. Two-step processes involving sonication and drying are employed to disperse the nanoparticles. The AC breakdown voltage is assessed following the guidelines of the IEC 60156 standard. The findings indicate that the addition of 0.025g/L of iron nanofluid significantly enhances the AC breakdown voltage of rice bran oil, while boron nanofluid demonstrates a moderate effect, with the highest improvement observed at a
concentration of 0.01g/L. In contrast, the presence of silicon nanofluid results in the lowest breakdown voltage among the three mentioned nanoparticles. The inclusion of
CTAB in RBO nanofluids reduces the AC breakdown voltage. Iron, silicon, and boron show potential for future transformer applications
Subcritical Water-supercritical CO2 (SCW-SCCO2) Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Oil Palm Derived Lignin via Low-Transition-Temperature Mixtures (LTTMs) into Bio-oil
Get PDFOur current environmental challenges demand long-term prospective efforts for sustainable development to be solved. The pursuit of green energy has designed more environmentally friendly designer solvents are produced known as Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) and later dubbed Low Transition Temperature Mixtures (LTTMs). Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) from the oil palm industry was delignified using LTTMs to extract lignin and later undergo subcritical water-supercritical CO2 (SCW-SCCO2) hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to produce bio-oil. The hydrogen bonding in choline chloride (ChCl)-malic acid LTTMs have been determined through FT-IR analysis. This system's delignification of EFB removed a considerable 31.98% of lignin in just 4 hours and the LTTMs showed a recoverability ≥90% (1st recovery = 93.8% & 2nd recovery = 91.1%). SCW-SCCO2 HTL was investigated in this research, and ideal conditions were found at 275°C, 25 MPa, with a 1:3 lignin-to-water ratio. Phenolic compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis as the primary target compounds in bio-oil analysis, suggesting a route from EFB to lignin, derivatives, and eventually phenolics. Based on the kinetic studies, the rate constant increased from 9.59x10-4 to 1.06x10-3s-1 with temperatures between 250-300°C. A temperature-dependant kinetic model was demonstrated using the Arrhenius equation, which estimated the activation energy (E) to be 4.2 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor (A) to be 2.13 x10-3 s-1. An empirical kinetic model (modified Reverchon-Sesti Osseo) was used in predicting the bio-oil yield with an outcome of R2 for 250°C (0.87), 275°C (0.104) and 300°C (0.843)
Destination Resources in Ecotourism on Satisfaction and Revisit Intention: Digital Inclusion on Social Media Marketing in Sarawak National Parks and Nature Reserves
No full textThis study addresses the need for innovative marketing strategies in Sarawak’s ecotourism sector, focusing on how destination resources such as tourism infrastructure, service quality, natural resources and cultural heritage impact tourists’ satisfaction and revisit intention. The specific objectives are to examine the relationships between these destination resources and tourists’ satisfaction and revisit intention, and to assess the moderating role of social media marketing in these relationships. The study employs SPSS version 27.0.1.0 and Warp PLS 8.0 for descriptive statistics and the examination of measurement and structural models. The findings indicate that tourism infrastructure, service quality, natural resources, and cultural heritage positively influence tourists’ satisfaction and revisit intention. However, social media marketing significantly moderates only the relationship between natural resources and tourists’ satisfaction. These results suggest that while traditional destination resources remain crucial, integrating social media marketing can enhance the impact of natural resources on tourists’ satisfaction, offering practical insights for ecotourism marketers and policymakers
Exploring Spatial Relationship in Criminal Behavior: A Spatial Analysis of Offenders’ Homes and Theft Locations in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
No full textThis study aims to identify the proximity of offenders' homes to the theft location in Kuching, Sarawak. The attribute data includes the total number of theft offenders in Kuching in 2018, categorized as solo and co-offenders. It also details the modus operandi used in these thefts, as well as the offenders' employment and educational backgrounds. At the same time, spatial data consists of Kuching and Samarahan land use types, Kuching police station sector boundaries, the home addresses of offenders, and the locations where thefts occurred. This study applied standard deviation ellipses, Euclidean distance analysis, and kernel density estimation. The findings indicate that young people and individuals in their late twenties (15-29 year olds) are at a higher risk of engaging in theft activities. Their target areas are often close to their homes, particularly in urban areas lacking CCTV and security guards. Offenders in urban areas, who are unemployed at the age of 15-29 years old and have low education (SPM level), tend to be thieves. Both solo offenders and co-offenders tend to commit theft near their home. The total number of solo offenders of theft is 78.5%, and co-offenders are 21.4%. The analysis reveals a high level of spatial clustering among offenders, with their homes concentrated in the urban center of Kuching, where crime is most prevalent. The findings imply that offenders' residences are localized in specific urban areas rather than being evenly distributed across the districts of Kuching, Sarawak. The offenders typically travel short distances when engaging in property crime, especially theft. The study suggests that land use planning should consider the concentration of offenders in urban areas. The study also highlights the importance of targeted patrols in high-crime urban areas, especially those lacking CCTV and security guards
INTEGRATED WATER-ENERGY-CARBON NEXUS: A MIXED-METHODS APPROACH TO EVALUATING HILLY RUNOFF POTENTIAL IN UNLOCKING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Get PDFThis study evaluates the potential of harnessing renewable energy and producing clean water from hilly runoff
resources in Sarawak, with the overarching aim of contributing to a sustainable green future. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining field experiments, an extensive literature review, and policy analysis. The findings indicate that Sarawak’s current water demand of 2,060 million litres per day (MLD) could be fully met through hilly runoff, which has an estimated clean water potential of 8,000 MLD and an associated in-Stream Energy capacity of 4.3 MW. Experimental trials conducted in
Lundu confirmed that clean water can be produced without chemical dosing or carbon emissions, requiring only 0.55 kWh/m³ of renewable hydropower and thereby reducing emissions by 0.35 kg CO₂eq/m³. The adoption of such a system could prevent approximately 793.1 tonnes of monthly sludge discharge, eliminate chemical use at a rate of 10 mg/L of water, and deliver substantial savings in public health and environmental management costs. Despite these advantages, policy gaps and limited technical capacity in implementing green technologies remain significant barriers. Overall, the study concludes that hilly runoff represents a viable and sustainable pathway towards water and energy security in Sarawak, provided that regulatory frameworks and technological constraints are effectively addressed
Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine : A Bibliometric Analysis
No full textThe Savonius Hydrokinetic Turbine (SHT) exhibits promise as a viable option for a power extraction apparatus capable of harnessing energy from diverse water flow situations, such as tidal, river, wave, and open channel settings. The SHT is considered a simple and straightforward design, including convenient manufacturing and installation processes. This investigation’s primary purpose is to ascertain the current trends as well as upcoming areas of research pertaining to the SHT, thereby enhancing its potential for environmental sustainability. Through bibliometric studies, this article discusses global research trends in SHT based on publication output and co-occurrence of author keywords. The data were examined using VOSviewer. Metadata was obtained from Scopus, which consisted of 76 articles published between 2019 and September 2023. The VOSviewer software reviewed four clusters. The most frequently used keywords were 'hydrokinetic turbines', 'turbine', 'power coefficients', 'Savonius turbine', 'turbomachine blade', and 'Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)'. The outcomes of the research initiated by SHT has provided significant findings, emphasising the significance of comprehending blade profile design for the best use of this novel energy solution
Design of citizenship education model development through digital media in strengthening students’ character
Get PDFThis study focuses on designing and developing the Citizenship Education model to strengthen students' character. A continuous effort is needed to create several learning models that strengthen students' positive character. Hence, they remain enthusiastic about completing the lecture on time and are not eroded by life's challenges. It used development research. The analysis results are obtained from several stages: the first stage is an analysis by identifying problems and carrying out task analysis, the second stage is a design by concluding learning objectives, the third stage is a development by creating patterns and utilizing digital media, the fourth stage is an implementation by applying learning pattern that has been designed, and the fifth stage is an evaluation by observing of whether the learning pattern made can be appropriate based on initial beliefs. Referring to the development of the ADDIE instructional model, the next stage is adapted to develop the Citizenship Education learning model called MPC (Modification of Project Citizen). This model is designed to be based on digital media and is produced by considering the implementation of Citizenship Education in strengthening student character
Isolation of Amylolytic Fungi and Characterisation of Amylase in Aspergillus niger KBA2 and Penicillium sp. BB3 from Starchy and Agro-Industrial Waste Locally Collected in Kuching and Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Get PDFAmylases are enzymes that catalyse hydrolysis of starch into simple sugars and the production of these enzymes largely depends on microbial sources, making it important to continuously screen for potential producers of amylases. Previous studies have reported on isolating amylolytic fungi from sources such as soil samples, farmlands and different types of waste. Agro-industrial and food wastes are major contributors to the generation of large amount of organic waste. Food is also largely wasted due to spoilage, causing spoiled food waste to be a significant issue worldwide. Despite the potential of these wastes as sources of amylolytic fungi, limited studies have explored their diversity and enzymatic properties under local context. The study therefore aims to isolate amylolytic fungi from various starchy waste, optimise amylase production in potent isolates and characterising the partial purified enzyme. Six types of wastes were collected for this study, which were sago pith waste (agro-industrial waste), washed rice water (food waste), and various spoiled foods such as potato, bread, banana cake and glutinous rice cake. Fungal isolation was conducted using serial dilution and direct plating on potato dextrose agar, followed by identification through morphological and molecular methods. Screening on starch agar was performed to identify amylolytic fungi and followed by the study of amylase activity through determining the enzymatic activity index (EAI). Potent isolates were then selected for study of initial medium pH and incubation period optimisation for amylase production. Amylase was then partial purified from two further chosen species through ammonium sulphate precipitation and molecular weight of the enzyme was determined through SDS-PAGE, while native-PAGE was done for investigating the hydrolytic activity. The partially purified amylase was also characterised to determine its optimal activity at different temperatures and pH values. A total of 41 isolates were obtained from the wastes, classified into 12 genera and 23 species.The Aspergillus genus, with 15 isolates from 9 different species, was the most prevalent and diverse genus, followed by Penicillium genus with 8 isolates of 3 species. Out of 41 isolates, 34 of them were extracellular amylase producers and subsequent study revealed that most members of Penicillium as well as several Aspergillus species had higher activity compared to other isolates. Therefore, further studies were focused on these two genera. Two isolates with the highest EAI were selected from each genus, namely Penicillium sp. BB3 (1.45±0.10), P. citrinum KBA4 (1.36±0.02), A. europaeus BNN1 (1.19±0.04) and A. niger KBA2 (1.16±0.02). Penicillium sp. BB3 and A. niger KBA2 stood out as the isolates which produced the highest value of amylase under optimised condition of pH 7 under a week of incubation and pH 5 under 5 days of incubation respectively. Amylase from strain BB3 was purified in 0.51-fold with a recovery of 26.47% while the enzyme from strain KBA2 was purified in 2.08-fold with a recovery of 28.85%. SDS-PAGE and native-PAGE revealed strain BB3 might be producing several isoforms or types of amylases, with estimated molecular weights of 80 kDa, 65 kDa, 42 kDa, 40 kDa and 35 kDa respectively. On the other hand, amylase of strain KBA2 formed a single band on both SDS-PAGE and native-PAGE with molecular weight of approximately 130 kDa. The enzyme of strain BB3 showed optimal activity under pH 7 and at a temperature of 40 °C, while amylase of strain KBA2 worked best at pH 5 and 50 °C. The results indicate that strain BB3 and KBA2 are promising amylase producers, with potential applications such as in food processing, biofuel production and waste management. Further studies should focus on aspects such as scaling up and genetic modification to enhance activity and stability of the enzyme for practical applications