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Towards distinguishing trust based attacks in an IoV network
No full textThe paradigm of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) promises significant innovative advancements and is receiving an increased attention of the researchers from both academia and industry. The IoV creates an intelligent network between different road entities and their corresponding roadside infrastructure via state-of-the-art sensing and communication technologies and, therefore, facilitates in addressing a range of safety-critical and non-safety vehicular applications. Accordingly, the security of an IoV network is of importance with internal attacks being of considerable concern. Although the conventional cryptography-based schemes are extremely intelligent in tackling the external attacks, trust has been recently employed to handle the internal attacks. Nevertheless, trust-based attacks also present a formidable challenge. Therefore, in this paper, an IoV-based trust management heuristic has been envisaged that takes into account both direct trust and indirect trust to ascertain the behaviors of the vehicles vis-à-vis time in a bid to detect various trust-based attacks, i.e., zig-zag attacks, self-promoting attacks, on-off attacks, and opportunistic attacks, along with the attackers’ multiple attacking strategies. The experimental findings further demonstrate that the envisaged IoV-based trust management heuristic exhibits prompt and accurate detection of the trust-based attacks in contrast to the state-of-the-art trust management mechanisms
Characterisation of Hybrid Durian/Luffa and Ground Coffee Waste/Luffa High Density Polyethylene Polymer Composite
No full textThis research explores the development of advanced materials known as natural fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites with the aim of enhancing overall quality of life. Hybrid fibres derived from durian/luffa and Ground Coffee Waste (GCW)/luffa were integrated into Polyethylene (PE) matrices to create hybrid natural fibre PE composites. The study involves a comprehensive examination of these composites through tensile testing, water absorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. Results indicate that the tensile strength of the durian/luffa PE (DLPE) composite surpasses that of GCW/luffa PE (CLPE) composites, highlighting its superior stress tolerance. Tensile modulus analysis reveals that CLPE exhibits greater elasticity than DLPE. Overall, the composites exhibit specific tensile strength and modulus, contributing to the creation of lightweight materials compared to neat PE. Water absorption testing reveals varied absorption rates, with DLPE samples absorbing more water than CLPE. SEM analysis indicates satisfactory fibre-to-matrix bonding with room for improvement, as observed gaps between fibres and matrix are present. FTIR analysis uncovers additional constituents in the chemical composition of GCW microfibres compared to durian luffa fibres. The inclusion of natural fibres as an alternative to synthetic counterparts aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) standards. This research underscores the feasibility and benefits of fibre hybridization, emphasizing improved mechanical strength, environmental sustainability, and cost efficiency
The current state of forensic imaging– clinical forensic imaging
Get PDFClinical forensic imaging could be de ned as the use of imaging rst realised for medical care as evidence for a judicial purpose. It requires both forensic experts and clinical radiologists to have a good understanding of imaging modalities and indications and a solid knowledge of the correct terminology. This second part of the review describes the main situations in which imaging may be used for forensic purposes, i.e. blunt trauma, penetrating injuries, asphyxia, physical abuse and neglect
Study on Thermal Comfort and Green Building Index of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Get PDFThe Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) serves as a vital healthcare facility catering to the
needs of premature newborns and infants with critical medical conditions. Given its
continuous operation, the NICU demands a substantial energy input. Despite its pivotal
role, there exists a notable research gap regarding the most optimal heating, ventilation,
and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for these specialized medical environments. This
study employs a simulation-based methodology to compare the performance of
centralized and split AC systems within NICU settings, considering both fully closed and
90° opened door configurations. Evaluation parameters encompass energy efficiency,
thermal comfort attainment, and adherence to green building index (GBI) standards,
particularly concerning thermal comfort criteria. Utilizing Autodesk Revit software, an
intricate NICU model is constructed, incorporating various elements such as lighting, HVAC
infrastructure, occupancy factors, and incubator equipment. Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD) simulations conducted through Autodesk software facilitate performance
assessment, with ensuing GBI ratings providing a metric for comparison. Validation efforts
involve scrutinizing airflow characteristics and air velocity against empirical data and prior
research findings. Findings reveal that centralized AC systems adeptly ensure uniform cool
air distribution, achieving average temperatures of 19.22°C (fully opened door) and
19.18°C (fully closed door). Conversely, split AC systems maintain average temperatures
of 23.00°C (fully opened door) and 22.98°C (fully closed door). Projections suggest that
centralized systems are poised to fulfill both thermal comfort and air change effectiveness
requisites, while split systems may encounter challenges in meeting thermal comfort
targets and GBI specifications pertaining to air change efficiency
AUTHENTIC LEARNING THROUGH AUDITING SOFTWARE IN LEARNING AUDITING : A MALAYSIAN UNDERGRADUATE PERSPECTIVE
Get PDFThis paper examines whether auditing software provides students with motivation and interest,learning opportunities, critical thinking, and real-world exposure. The research was conducted125on auditing classes under an undergraduate accounting program in a public university acrossthree semesters from 2022 to 2024. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the student’sauthentic learning experience. Our study providing valuable insights for educators,policymakers, and potential employer by highlighting the experiential authentic learning in aMalaysian universit
Histological Examination and Gene Expression Profiles of CpLAX2, CpLAX3 and CpPIN4 during Somatic Embryogenesis in Carica papaya
Get PDFHistological and molecular examinations were performed on somatic embryos derived from 'Eksotika' papaya; including
immature zygotic embryos, throughout somatic embryogenesis process. To overcome the challenges in regenerating somatic
embryos from immature zygotic embryos of "Eksotika", this study specifically focused on understanding callus development at the bases of somatic embryos. Somatic embryogenesis systems serve as valuable models for studying the molecular, regulatory, and morphogenetic processes involved in plant embryogenesis. Light microscopy and quantitative real-time PCR were employed to examine the histological and molecular changes during the developmental stages of somatic embryogenesis and callus formation at the bases of somatic embryos. The accumulation of secondary somatic embryos on the root surface, particularly in the root cap zone, represents the most significant obstacle to successful somatic embryo formation. Different developmental stages, starting from pro-embryos to cotyledonary phases, were found to be quite similar to the ontogeny of zygotic embryos. All selected genes: (Carica papaya PIN-FORMED (auxin efflux carriers) CpPIN4, Carica papaya AUXIN RESISTENT 1/LIKE AUX1 (AUX/LAX) (auxin influx carriers) (CpLAX3 and CpLAX2) were clearly expressed in somatic embryos formed during the induction phases of somatic embryogenesis. CpLAX3 exhibited the highest expression levels among the selected tested genes, while CpPIN4 showed the lowest. The formation and development of somatic embryos
involved the expression of all selected genes
A field guide to the reptiles of Borneo
Get PDFThis book covers all currently valid species of reptile known in Borneo, described under their respective orders. Each description is provided under families, and within them under genera. The cut-off date for inclusion was 31 December 2024. A majority of species have been illustrated. Dichotomous identification keys to species are provided to facilitate identification of specimens, live as well as preserved ones. Typically, these keys present diagnostic (unique to the species) morphological features in a series of alternative choices. A total of 321 species of crocodiles, turtles and tortoises, lizards and snakes are covered. For each species, the text describes the identifying features, maximum size, common, scientific, and when available, vernacular names, habitat and conservation status. Distributional maps of all species are provided. An overview of snake-bite and the nature of venom, and when relevant, sources of antivenom serum, are included. Finally, a contemporary checklist and a reading list round up this work
From Heritage to High-Tech : Bridging Culture and Innovation in Learning
Get PDFThis paper, From Heritage to High-Tech: Bridging Culture and Innovation in Learning, shows how education can be more engaging and meaningful by combining culture with innovation. Many systems are still rigid, focusing on fixed curricula that limit creativity and make learning less exciting. At the same time, culture risks being left behind if it is not part of the classroom. The paper shares experiences from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), including community-based projects, the use of AI and VR for cultural storytelling, the inclusion of Sarawak folk tales in lessons, collaboration across arts and sciences, and alternative assessments such as portfolios and exhibitions. Examples include documenting the Bisaya language and traditional knowledge, as well as creative writing with local writers and poets. These efforts protect cultural heritage while encouraging imagination. The paper concludes that innovation and creativity are not extras, but essential. When culture and learning work together, education becomes a living classroom that can inspire real change
A field guide to the reptiles of Borneo
No full textThis book covers all currently valid species of reptile known in Borneo, described under their respective orders. Each description is provided under families, and within them under genera. The cut-off date for inclusion was 31 December 2024. A majority of species have been illustrated. Dichotomous identification keys to species are provided to facilitate identification of specimens, live as well as preserved ones. Typically, these keys present diagnostic (unique to the species) morphological features in a series of alternative choices. A total of 321 species of crocodiles, turtles and tortoises, lizards and snakes are covered. For each species, the text describes the identifying features, maximum size, common, scientific, and when available, vernacular names, habitat and conservation status. Distributional maps of all species are provided. An overview of snake-bite and the nature of venom, and when relevant, sources of antivenom serum, are included. Finally, a contemporary checklist and a reading list round up this work
The Effectiveness of Dengue Vector Control : A Meta-Review
Get PDFBackground
Dengue vector control plays an important role in reducing the burden of dengue infection. This study aimed to summarise the evidence of published systematic reviews on the efficacy of dengue vector control interventions.
Methods
Systematic reviews of cluster randomised controlled trials and randomised controlled trials in populations/people exposed to the risk of dengue infection in the presence of the vector were included. All dengue vector control, all comparators and any outcomes were considered in this review. Electronic databases and reference lists were searched. Screening, full-text reviews, data extractions and quality assessments were conducted independently by two reviewers with resolution by a third reviewer.
Results
A total of 15 systematic reviews were included in this study, but narrative synthesis was performed for only 3 reviews that reviewed cluster randomised controlled trials or randomised controlled trials. Community mobilisation and insecticide-treated materials were weakly effective interventions reported by two systematic reviews that have acceptable methodological quality. However, the non-overlapping of randomised controlled trials and cluster randomised controlled trials included in their respective reviews may affect the findings.
Conclusion
There is insufficient evidence to recommend a method of dengue vector control management. Novel dengue vector control methods are highly encouraged for urgent trials. Until then, the current respective local governments' vector control management may still play a vital role in controlling the mosquito's propagation and transmission of dengue infection