Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università dell'Insubria
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La giustizia riparativa
No full textIl capitolo analizza il ruolo centrale della giustizia riparativa nel sistema penale minorile, ricostruendone l’evoluzione normativa e prasseologica nell’ordinamento italiano e mettendone in luce la precoce affermazione rispetto al settore degli adulti. Muovendo dal paradigma della child friendly justice, il contributo evidenzia le ragioni strutturali e valoriali che hanno reso la giustizia minorile un terreno privilegiato di sperimentazione delle pratiche riparative, con particolare attenzione al bilanciamento tra responsabilizzazione del minore autore di reato e tutela delle vittime. Il capitolo esamina i principali canali di ingresso della giustizia riparativa nel processo penale minorile, sia nella fase procedimentale sia in quella esecutiva, soffermandosi sugli istituti della messa alla prova, dell’irrilevanza del fatto e del perdono giudiziale. Ampio spazio è dedicato alla disciplina organica introdotta dal d.lgs. n. 150/2022, ai principi che regolano l’accesso ai programmi riparativi e alle garanzie previste per i minorenni coinvolti. In chiave critica, il contributo valuta infine l’impatto delle recenti scelte di politica criminale, con particolare riferimento al c.d. “Decreto Caivano”, interrogandosi sulla tenuta del modello riparativo e sulle prospettive future della giustizia minorile.This chapter examines the central role of restorative justice within the juvenile criminal justice system, tracing its normative and practical development in the Italian legal system and highlighting its early consolidation in comparison with the adult system. Starting from the paradigm of child-friendly justice, the contribution explores the structural and value-based reasons that have made juvenile justice a privileged field for the experimentation of restorative practices, with particular attention to the balance between the responsibility of the juvenile offender and the protection of victims. The chapter analyses the main entry points of restorative justice into juvenile criminal proceedings, both at the procedural and enforcement stages, focusing on institutions such as suspension of trial and probation and other devices tipical of juvenile justice (such as the judicial pardon). Significant attention is devoted to the comprehensive legislation introduced by Legislative Decree No. 150/2022, the principles governing access to restorative justice programmes, and the safeguards provided for minors involved in such processes. Finally, from a critical perspective, the contribution assesses the impact of recent criminal policy choice, especially the so-called “Caivano Decree”, and reflects on the resilience of the restorative model and the future prospects of juvenile justice
Comparison of n-Butyl-2-Cyanoacrylate and Tris-Acryl Microspheres for Bronchial Artery Embolization in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and Hemoptysis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textPurpose: To compare the effectiveness and safety of bronchial artery embolization using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (nBCA) versus tris-acryl microspheres in patients with cystic fibrosis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight patients with severe hemoptysis (>100 mL/24 h) who underwent endovascular embolization between June 2019 and July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups based on the embolic agent used: nBCA (n = 38) and tris-acryl microspheres (n = 20). Technical success, primary and secondary clinical success, safety, and recurrence rates were evaluated. Potential predictors of recurrence—including the number of pathological arteries identified on computed tomography (CT) angiography, the number and caliber of treated vessels, laterality, and embolized vascular district (bronchial vs nonbronchial systemic arteries)—were assessed using appropriate univariate tests. Results: Technical success was achieved in all procedures. Primary clinical success was obtained in 57 of 58 patients (98.3%). During follow-up (mean, 42.9 months [SD ± 12.3]), recurrence occurred in 10 of 58 patients (17.2%), with a significantly higher relapse rate in the microsphere group (10 of 20, 50%) and no recurrences in the nBCA group (0 of 38) (P = .0005). Most recurrences (7 of 10) originated from nonbronchial systemic arteries previously embolized with microspheres. No major adverse events were observed. No other variable—including age, number of pathological arteries on CT angiography, vessel caliber, or laterality—showed a significant association with recurrence. Conclusions: nBCA was associated with lower recurrence rates compared with tris-acryl microspheres. More relapses arose from nonbronchial systemic arteries. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm these findings and to evaluate additional factors influencing outcomes
Influence of snowpack properties and local incidence angle on SAR signal depolarization: a mathematical model for high-resolution snow depth estimation
No full textRecently, Dual-Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has been shown to be effective for large-scale snow cover monitoring, but it faces significant challenges when applied to finer resolutions, which are crucial for applications such as avalanche forecasting. In this study, we propose a novel mathematical model to retrieve snow properties from Sentinel-1 SAR data, leveraging variations in the Dual-Polarimetric Radar Vegetation Index (DpRVIc). We introduce the Snow Index SAR (SIsar), which approximates variations in signal depolarization occurring within the snowpack. Our study, conducted in the Central Italian Alps, reveals a strong correlation between the SIsar index and the snowpack height, enabling accurate snow depth estimation. We also demonstrate the significant impact of the local incidence angle on signal depolarization during the accumulation season. Based on this, we derive a mathematical correction for the incidence angle, whose inclusion in the model reduces snow depth estimation errors by approximately 39 %. The model validation conducted in Tromsø (Norway) and in Davos (Switzerland) confirms its applicability beyond the calibration area, with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 30.7 cm and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 24.3 cm in Tromsø, and a RMSE of 22.4 cm and a MAE of 18.1 cm in Davos. These findings enhance our understanding of dual-polarimetric Sentinel-1 SAR data sensitivity for high-resolution snow monitoring, providing valuable insights for avalanche forecasting and hydrological applications
COLLECTiEF dataset: A high-resolution indoor environmental dataset from European buildings across diverse climates supporting thermal, air-quality, and visual-comfort assessments
No full textIndoor Environmental Quality directly affects public health, productivity, and well-being, while also playing a vital role in developing climate-neutral, energy-efficient, and resilient buildings. This paper presents a comprehensive dataset of indoor environmental parameters that affect thermal comfort, indoor air quality, and visual comfort, which was created under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Project Collective Intelligence for Energy Flexibility. The dataset comprises high-resolution measurements of carbon dioxide, pollutants, volatile organic compounds, air temperature, relative humidity, and illuminance on a horizontal plane, collected over a two-year period at 1-minute intervals. Data were gathered from 14 pilot buildings across four European climates: Cyprus, France, Italy, and Norway, covering diverse building types such as schools, medical centres, sports arenas, residential complexes, universities, and elder care facilities, representing about 40 % of common European building categories. Sensors were installed in specific thermal zones within each building to monitor environmental conditions.
All data is organized by building and zone and supplemented with standardized Brick metadata to ensure interoperability. This comprehensive dataset, with its broad geographic coverage, variety of building types, long-term high-frequency measurements, and multimodal data, provides a valuable resource for comparative IEQ research, cross-domain modelling, and integrated assessments of comfort, ventilation, and daylighting across different climates and operational settings and is available upon request under a non-disclosure agreement provided by the consortium
Cytoplasmic crystalline inclusions in lymphocytes of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
No full textCytoplasmic crystalline inclusions in lymphocytes of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders: brief repor
COVID and microsurgery: Did the microsurgical anastomosis failure rate in three hand surgery and orthoplastic units increase? A retrospective multicenter study
No full textIntroduction: COVID-19 infection seems to have among its fundamental pathogenetic mechanisms the appearance of a pro-thrombotic state capable of causing severe damage to various organs (lungs, kidneys, eyes ...). Furthermore, the vaccines marketed in Italy in December 2020, used to slow the spread and mortality of this virus, also seem responsible for a possible pro-thrombotic state in the subjects to which they are inoculated. The authors of this work then wondered if the COVID-19 pandemic may have somehow altered the results of microsurgical anastomoses performed at their centers. Materials and methods: More than 270 patients who had at least one microsurgical vascular suture, in one of the three centers involved in this study, in the last four years were then retrospectively evaluated (two years pre-COVID vs. two years post-COVID). Planned surgeries of oncological, post-infection, or post-trauma) patients treated with microsurgical flap and patients who underwent digital or hand reimplantation were included. Failure rates were compared, taking into consideration whether patients had tested positive for COVID-19 or had a COVID-19 vaccine shot in the six months before the surgery. Results: The anastomosis success rate of the entire “pre-COVID” group is 70.4 %, while that of the “COVID” group is 73.3 %. Different subgroups are analyzed, and the only statistically significant difference in results is obtained by comparing the success rate of the “pre-COVID” group to the subgroup, in the COVID era, of patients who have tested positive for COVID or had at least one dose of vaccine. Conclusions: According to this study, failures of microsurgical anastomoses in patients previously affected by COVID or in previously vaccinated patients do not appear to have increased. On the contrary, COVID and/or vaccines might have a protective action
Donna. Arte. Società. Pratiche estetiche femministe dalla metà dell'Ottocento a oggi
No full textThis essay explores art as a form of resistance for Iranian women, contextualised within religious, historical, and socio-political frameworks.
From the patriarchal structures deeply rooted in Zoroastrianism and Islam—reinforced by qawama and discriminatory applications of sharia
law—to the contradictions emergent in the 1979 Revolution, Iranian
women have continuously negotiated the tension between oppression
and agency.
Although denied equal rights in matters of inheritance, testimony, and
family law, women have nonetheless achieved high levels of literacy and
professional participation. Against this backdrop, artistic practices have
emerged as powerful tools of dissent: poetry, prose, photography, and
film challenge patriarchy, compulsory veiling, and systemic violence.
The works of Forugh Farrokhzad and Shirin Neshat exemplify this trajectory, combining literary and visual strategies to affirm female voice,
body, and freedom. Their art, deeply rooted in Persian cultural traditions, demonstrates how creativity continues to sustain feminist resistance both within Iran and across its diaspora
When Speaking of Risks Meets Responsibility: The European Ethical Framework for Shared Decision-Making in Transplantation
No full textSynthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Dual-Targeting Small Molecule Drug Conjugate Modulating the Crosstalk between α5β1 Integrin and MDM2 in Glioblastoma
Full text linkNegative crosstalk between alpha 5 beta 1 integrin and the p53-MDM2 regulatory axis contributes to glioblastoma progression and therapeutic resistance. To explore the potential of dual inhibition of these two biological targets, the dual targeting small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) (1) was designed by coupling the MDM2 inhibitor SAR405838 to a selective alpha 5 beta 1 integrin ligand cyclo(phg-isoDGR-k) (7) through a stable chemical linker. The resulting conjugate retained antiproliferative activity in U87-MG glioblastoma cells and induced p53 reactivation with minimal MDM2 induction. Cell cycle distribution analysis revealed a redistribution of cells from the G0/G1 phase to the G2/M phase exclusively upon treatment with conjugate 1, suggesting that a different mechanism of action is engaged. These findings support the potential of this dual-targeting approach through a dual-targeting SMDC as a promising therapeutic strategy against high-grade glioma overexpressing the alpha 5 beta 1 integrin receptor