Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università dell'Insubria
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Il governo Monti tra dibattito pubblico e storiografia
No full textAnalisi del dibattitto pubblico e della storiografia sul Governo "tecnico" guidato da Mario Mont
Forest Filter Effect Revisited: First Evidence That Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites Are Produced on Leaves by Biodegradation and Photodegradation
Get PDFPlants are considered “nature-based solutions” for the improvement of air quality. Through the so-called forest filter effect (FFE), they can remove both gas and particulate matter (PM) associated organic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from air, reducing their concentrations. In this work, new aspects of FFE were investigated through several laboratory experiments of increasing complexity. More specifically, the study was designed to evaluate for the first time the contribution of light and phyllosphere microbial communities of Quercus ilex leaves to the degradation of deuterated PAHs (naphthalene-d8, acenaphthene-d10, phenanthrene-d10, pyrene-d10, chrysene-d12, and perylene-d12). Such degradation was investigated by observing the production of deuterated PAH hydroxy metabolites (OH-PAHs). OH-PAHs were produced in both light and dark conditions, while their appearance in sterile controls was negligible, highlighting the importance of leaf-associated microorganisms in the degradation of parent PAH. The number of PAH metabolites and their isomers increased when entire leaves were used rather than the inoculated phyllosphere microorganisms only, confirming the degradation ability of native phyllosphere microbial communities. Although preliminary, these results showed that FFE can be enhanced by photo- and biodegradation processes. The continuous removal of PAHs through degradation could result in an enhanced PAH concentration gradient and flux of deposition to leaves
Comparing Classical and Entangled Second Harmonic Generation Beyond the Photon Pairs Regime
No full textWe report an enhancement in the efficiency of Second Harmonic Generation pumped by entangled photons compared to the classical case, up to driving intensities almost 10 times larger than the classical bound considered so far
Hallux rigidus: are only injections worth it?—a systematic review
No full textBackground: The term hallux rigidus describes the painful condition of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, characterized by restricted motion and proliferative osteophytosis. Conservative treatments are typically used. In certain cases, a carefully administered intra-articular steroid injection may provide temporary relief. Very few studies have been reported in the literature; thus, data on the efficacy of these injections are limited. For this systematic review of the literature, we asked: (I) what injection treatment options are available for hallux rigidus? (II) What are the success rates and outcomes of these treatments? (III) Which factors influence the outcomes? (IV) How long have the effects of the injection lasted? Methods: In January 2025 a search was conducted on the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Embase using the search terms: “hallux rigidus” or “hallux limitus” and “injection” or “steroid” or “ialuronic” or “platetel-rich plasma”. Inclusion (English language, treatment of hallux rigidus/limitus with injections) and exclusion criteria (injection involving other joints, descriptive or epidemiological studies, and systematic reviews) were determined a priori. The ROBINS-I was used to assess the risk of bias in each report. In addition, studies with injections after hallux surgery were excluded, aiming to understand whether injections for the hallux rigidus are truly. Results: The final review included thirteen studies, whose quality was rated as moderate. High success rates for pain relief (84–92%) and movement restoration have been reported; the reduction in visual analogic score (VAS) scores after injection was statistically significant, regardless of the substance used (P<0.05). Some factors may influence the effectiveness of injections: the severity of osteoarthritis and imaging guidance are demonstrated to be significant; contrarily, the type of injection is not crucial, even if hyaluronic acid may provide better long-term benefits. The duration of efficacy has been reported to be less than one-year in 50% of patients. Conclusions: Intra-articular injections of hallux rigidus are effective and safe for conservative treatment of hallux rigidus, particularly in the early stages of osteoarthritis
"Messaggio in bottiglia per i giovanissimi pensatori leccesi della scuola primaria 'Ammirato Falcone'
No full textMedico tantum hominem occidisse inpunitas summa est: lo sguardo critico di Plinio il Vecchio sulla professione medica
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Pathology, molecular biology, medical oncology, and radiotherapy implications of lung neuroendocrine neoplasm classification: a multidisciplinary perspective
No full textIntroductionNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the lung make up a heterogeneous clinicopathologic ensemble, encompassing well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Despite being characterized since decades, they still continue to embody diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, where establishing correlations among tumor nomenclature, molecular alterations, and therapeutic options is essential for the best clinical decision making.Areas coveredLung NENs were dissected according to five conveying perspectives (available English literature in PubMed, National Library of Medicine): (i) pathologic and molecular grounds for clinical decision making; (ii) tumor microenvironment and tumor immune microenvironment; (iii) how to manage NETs, especially in the metastatic setting; iv) handling life-threatening NECs, especially in light of emerging therapeutic protocols; (v) radiotherapy with some hints at the surgery's role.Expert opinionDiagnosis of NETs and NECs has precise clinical implications, which influences tumor nomenclature and clinical decision making (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immuno-oncology). However, unexpected subtypes are currently emerging, which question the traditional segregation of NETs and NECs as separate and non-communicating tumor subsets, with no pathogenetic link. This paradigm shift could not only affect our outlook on lung NENs, but even modify the essence of the patient clinical management
Channel capacity of small modular quantum networks in the ultrastrongly coupled regime
No full textWe investigate state transfer in modular quantum computer architectures exploiting the ultrastrong coupling regime of interaction between quantum processing units and ICs. We show that protocols based on adiabatic coherent transport may achieve near-ideal single-letter quantum capacity and robustness against parametric fluctuations suppressing leakage induced by the dynamical Casimir effect
Diagnostic performance of ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in portal vein thrombosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
No full textBackground: Ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used for the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), however, their accuracy compared to invasive tests is not clearly known. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Scopus databases for studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of US, CT, and MRI for PVT diagnosis. Inclusion criteria required at least 10 participants and comparison with invasive gold standards (angiography or surgery/pathology). The quality assessment was performed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were calculated through mixed-effects logistic regression model and reported with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Based on the obtained results, we computed Bayesian models simulating the work-up of PVT in case of different clinical pre-test probabilities of PVT. Results: Out of 8526 identified citations, 26 studies with 1499 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of bias was low in 3 studies. Pooled sensitivities and specificities were 0.84 (95 %CI 0.69-0.92) and 0.96 (95 %CI 0.92-0.98) for US, 0.81 (95 %CI 0.66-0.90) and 0.96 (95 %CI 0.88-0.99) for CT, and 0.81 (95 %CI 0.65-0.90) and 0.98 (95 %CI 0.96-0.99) for MRI. In patients with a pre-test probability of PVT of 30 %, a positive US yields a post-test probability of PVT of 90 % and a second positive imaging result leads to a post-test probability of 99 %. Conclusions: US, CT, and MRI demonstrate comparable accuracy for PVT diagnosis, with a high specificity across modalities. A stepwise diagnostic approach integrating clinical probability and imaging results could optimize diagnostic confidence