Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università dell'Insubria
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Management of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients: an European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases consensus document
No full textIntroduction: Data on treatment of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients emerged recently; however, published guidelines for the management of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients are lacking. Aim and Methods: To develop consensus statements derived from evidence and expert opinion on management of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients, an expert panel was convened by European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. The expert panel developed a list of questions which are of general interest for clinicians and readers with backgrounds in clinical microbiology and infectious diseases. Six questions were selected. For each question, systematic literature searches were undertaken. We considered most study types, including clinical trials, observational studies with or without a control group, systematic reviews, case series, and case reports. Detailed inclusion criteria were defined for each research question using the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome format. Immunocompromised patients included patients with (a) primary immune deficiencies; (b) active malignancy or malignancy diagnosed or received cancer therapies within 1 year of COVID-19 diagnosis, (c) HIV with a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count <200 cells/mm3 or percentage <14%; (d) receipt of solid organ transplant within 1 year of COVID-19 diagnosis; (e) receipt of haematopoietic cell transplant or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy within 1 year of COVID-19 diagnosis; (f) receipt of systemic corticosteroid therapy with a dose of ≥20 mg prednisone or equivalent daily for ≥14 days or a cumulative dose of >600 mg of prednisone; (g) receipt of biological immune modulators; or (h) receipt of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or other immunosuppressive drugs. The panel's consensus statements were based on evidence, supplemented by experience and expert opinion, especially in cases when evidence was limited or scarce. This document is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standard
Improving environmental sustainability of food-contact Polypropylene packaging production
Get PDFMost types of packaging that are in contact with food are made of polypropylene (PP), and the environmental impacts of their production and use are still high. Currently, incorporating recycled PP in the food industry is not a viable solution for reducing environmental impacts due to its complexity and high costs. For this reason, understanding how to reduce
the environmental impacts derived from the production process of plastic food packaging is essential. This study aims to analyze the environmental performance of the production of single-use PP food-contact packaging using the Life Cycle Assessment approach in order to estimate the effectiveness of proposed solutions to mitigate its impacts. Furthermore, the economic savings from the avoided CO2 emissions were estimated. To achieve these goals, three diverse scenarios with different energy source mixes were studied. The analysis was carried out using SimaPro v9.5 software, the Ecoinvent v3.8 database, and a ReCiPe 2016 impact assessment. The findings show that upstream processes are the main contributors to the environmental profile, with 67% of the total impact, followed by core processes, with 32% of the total impacts. An increase in the use of renewable energy can lead to environmental benefits, with an impact reduction ranging from 13% to 61% depending on the energy source mix. Furthermore, up to EUR 12,458 per 100 tons of units produced
was saved due to the lack of CO2 emissions. The results of this research will be useful to encourage the use of renewable energy in the processes of PP packaging production as an alternative when polymer replacement is difficult
Thermodynamics and protection of discrete time crystals
No full textDiscrete time crystals (DTCs) are a nonequilibrium phase of matter characterized by the breaking of timetranslation symmetry in periodically driven quantum systems. In this work, we present a detailed thermodynamic analysis of a DTC in a one-dimensional spin-1/2 chain coupled to a thermal bath. We derive a master equation from the microscopic model, and we explore key thermodynamic quantities, such as work, heat, and entropy production. Our results reveal that the DTC signature inevitably decays in the presence of environmental noise, but we show that a periodic measurement scheme can mitigate the effects of decoherence, stabilizing the subharmonic oscillations of the DTC for extended periods. These findings provide insights into the robustness of time-crystalline phases and potential strategies for protecting them in experimental settings
Evaluation of the insecticidal potential of lysinibacillus fusiformis against drosophila suzukii larvae
Get PDFThe spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) is a major pest of thin-skinned fruit crops,
causing substantial economic losses and driving increased reliance on chemical pesticides.
This study investigated the larvicidal activity of the Gram-positive bacterium Lysinibacillus
fusiformis against D. suzukii. Larvae were exposed to different bacterial components, includ
ing vegetative cells, spores, and secondary metabolites. All components exhibited larvicidal
effects, with the strongest impact observed when applied in combination.
The treatments induced gut damage and impaired immune responses.
These findings suggest the potential of L. fusiformis as a biological control agent, which may
contribute to more eco-sustainable agricultural practices. However, additional research is necessary
to evaluate its safety and effectiveness under semi-field and field conditions
Linguistica e studi di genere: un matrimonio impossibile?
No full textThis essay outlines the principal intersections between linguistics and gender studies from a diachronic perspective, emphasising linguistics’ role in relation to gender within current scholarly debates. It examines linguistics through its sub-disciplines and their connections with gender studies, premised on the understanding that language is a primary cultural manifestation and thus central to perpetuating and reinforcing
gender stereotypes within cultural traditions. Particular attention is devoted to educational linguistics, glottodidactics, and ethnolinguistics, where the interplay between language, society, and culture is especially pronounced. The analysis further considers the Italian context, with a focus on controversies surrounding inclusive forms such as the asterisk and the schwa. The concluding section discusses the role of the Accademia della Crusca, highlighting recent developments in its stance and approach that carry significant implications for linguistic analysis
Da Pier Luigi Fontana a Mario Gilardi. La collegiata di Balerna fra otto e novecento
No full textNella prima parte del contributo è ricostruito il ruolo del patronato Melzi d’Eril e dell’architetto Pier Luigi Fontana nella definizione dell’assetto ottocentesco della collegiata di Balerna. Dopo la sostituzione dell’organo seicentesco con lo strumento di Eugenio Biroldi (1811), il sostegno della nobile famiglia milanese si concretizzò nel monumento funebre di Luigi III (1822) e nella commissione dell’altare di San Francesco, entrambi affidati al professionista di Muggio, già attivo nella residenza balernitana del casato. Fontana coordinò, fra il 1818 e il 1822, una serie d’interventi strutturali volti a migliorare la luminosità e la fruibilità della chiesa, la decorazione e l’arredo della sagrestia, nonché le mense di diversi altari, secondo un linguaggio neoclassico influenzato dalla lezione albertolliana. Le trasformazioni otto-novecentesche – come i lavori di Luigi Morgari (1896), Mario Gilardi (1950-1954) e quelli degli anni Sessanta – testimoniano la continuità delle operazioni, sospese tra esigenze devozionali, istanze civiche e mutati orientamenti della committenza e del gusto artistico