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Religious Tourism and Sustainability in the MENA region
No full textThis volume addresses multiple emerging needs, foremost among them the growing demand for a structured theoretical and methodological framework concerning the religious tourism sector. This domain, undergoing continuous expansion, now constitutes a significant component of the global tourism landscape, as demonstrated by data on the halal tourism market, projected to reach a value of approximately $300 billion by 2030. The prospect of such substantial growth underscores the imperative to cultivate specific competencies – skills that integrate a deep sensitivity to cultural and spiritual dimensions with the managerial acumen demanded by today’s tourism industry. In a world marked by increasing mobility and a renewed quest for holistic and meaningful experiences, religious tourism emerges as a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. It transcends the traditional notion of pilgrimage to encompass diverse forms of travel motivated by spiritual exploration, the rediscovery of cultural roots, and the appreciation of religiously inspired artistic heritage. In this context, the volume offers a significant contribution to the development of an educational approach to religious tourism – an approach that embraces innovation while remaining steadfast in its core objective: to prepare professionals equipped to act with competence and ethical awareness in intercultural contexts. The ultimate aim is to transform religious tourism into a genuine space for encounter, mutual understanding, and respectful dialogue in an increasingly polarized and tension-filled global society
Le sfide ecologico-sistemiche nella formazione insegnanti. Riflessioni e proposte da una ricerca quali-quantitativa tra i docenti delle scuole secondarie della Provincia di Varese.
No full textSLYMEC II study: Overall survival analysis of the impact of LVSI in apparent early stage endometrioid endometrial cancer
No full textIn our initial report of the SLYMEC study we published the results evaluated the prognostic impact of substantial lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) on the sentinel lymph node status and the impact of the different types of LVSI on 3-year disease-free survival. The aim of the SLYMEC II study was to assess the impact of focal and substantial lymphovascular space invasion on 5-years overall survival in the subgroup of patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. A total of 2030 patients were included in the analysis from the original data set. Focal LVSI were identified in 131 patients (6.4 %), whereas 319 patients (15.7 %) showed substantial LVSI at final pathology. Among 1876 patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery (92.6 %), 442 patents (21.8 %) underwent robotic assisted surgery, whereas and 150 patients (7.6 %) patients underwent open surgery. Rate of overall survival at 5 years was 83.6 % versus 100 % for substantial and focal LVSI groups, respectively (HR for death = 2.1 [95 % CI, 1.4 to 3.2]; P < 0.0001). Patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer having substantial LVSI after surgery showed an increased risk of death in the after 5-years overall survival when compared to patients with negative, or focal LVSI. The presence of positive LVSI in patients with positive sentinel nodes showed a trend toward reduced 5-year overall survival compared to SLN-negative patients, although it did not reach statistical significance
Effetto del rapporto proteine:carboidrati e dell'esposizione al piombo sul sistema immunitario delle larve di mosca soldato nera
No full textHermetia illucens, nota anche come mosca soldato nera (BSF), è un insetto saprofago che può essere utilizzato per ridurre i rifiuti organici e come fonte di biomolecole per produrre mangimi animali e prodotti ad alto valore aggiunto, come biocarburanti e fertilizzanti. Poiché le larve di BSF possono essere allevate su un'ampia varietà di sottoprodotti organici, sono potenzialmente esposte a vari xenobiotici (quali patogeni e metalli pesanti), che possono influire sul loro stato di salute e sulla qualità finale dei prodotti derivati da questo insetto.
Il presente studio si propone di: 1) identificare quali macronutrienti della dieta influiscono positivamente sulla risposta immunitaria delle larve sottoposte a infezione batterica; 2) identificare nuove molecole coinvolte nella risposta immunitaria delle larve di BSF per ampliare le conoscenze in questo ambito; 3) valutare gli effetti dei metalli pesanti sullo sviluppo larvale e sul sistema immunitario, un argomento finora poco studiato in BSF.
I risultati hanno dimostrato l'effetto positivo di diete ricche in proteine, rispetto a quelle ricche in carboidrati, sulla componente cellulare e umorale del sistema immunitario delle larve. Inoltre, è stata caratterizzata la molecola RNASET2 nelle larve di BSF ed è stato studiato il suo coinvolgimento nella risposta immunitaria. Per quanto riguarda i metalli pesanti, nonostante gli effetti negativi del piombo sulla crescita e la sopravvivenza delle larve, il sistema immunitario ha mostrato buone prestazioni, probabilmente grazie al significativo contributo degli emociti nella risposta ai batteri.
I risultati qui presentati dimostrano l’efficacia del sistema immunitario delle larve contro le infezioni batteriche, anche in presenza di contaminanti, e la possibilità di migliorarne le prestazioni attraverso la dieta. Questa ricerca rappresenta una piattaforma di partenza per studi volti a rendere il processo di bioconversione mediato dalle larve di BSF più sostenibile e sicuro.Hermetia illucens, also known as black soldier fly (BSF), is a saprophagous insect that can be used for the reduction of organic waste and as a source of biomolecules to produce animal feed and added-value products, such as biofuels and fertilizers. Since BSF larvae can be fed on a wide range of organic by-products, they are potentially exposed to various xenobiotics (like pathogens and heavy metals), which may affect their health status and the final quality of the BSF-derived products.
The present study aimed to: 1) identify dietary macronutrients that positively affect the immune response of BSF larvae challenged with bacteria; 2) discover new molecules involved in the immune response of BSF larvae to expand knowledge on this topic; 3) investigate the effects of heavy metals on larval development and immune system, an issue that has been poorly investigated in BSF.
The positive effect of protein-rich diets, compared to carbohydrate-rich one, on the cellular and humoral branches of the immune system was demonstrated. Moreover, the pleiotropic molecule RNASET2 was characterized in BSF larvae and its involvement in the immune response was studied. Regarding heavy metals, despite the adverse effects of lead on the growth and survival of the larvae, the immune system showed good performance, likely due to the significant activity of haemocytes in the response elicited by bacteria.
The results presented here show the efficiency of the BSF immune system against bacterial infections, even in the presence of contaminant exposure, and the possibility of improving the immune response through the diet. This research represents a starting platform for studies aimed at making the process of BSF-mediated bioconversion more sustainable and safer
Safety and Effectiveness of Dupilumab in Atopic Dermatitis Patients with Hematologic Comorbidities: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study
No full textBackground: Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-4 receptor α, is approved for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). However, its safety profile in patients with concomitant hematologic disorders remains unclear, as such populations were excluded from pivotal trials. Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of dupilumab in adolescents and adults with AD and underlying hematologic comorbidities. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included 139 patients aged ≥15 years with moderate-to-severe AD and at least one hematologic disorder, treated with dupilumab across 21 dermatology centers. Data on disease severity, laboratory markers, and hematologic outcomes were collected over a median follow-up of 52 weeks (range 4–156). Results: The most common hematologic conditions included monoclonal gammopathies, leukemias, lymphomas, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and immune cytopenias. Clinical response to dupilumab was sustained across all endpoints, with median EASI scores decreasing from 26.0 at the baseline to 1.0 at week 52. NRS pruritus and sleep scores similarly declined to 0.0 by week 52. Serum IgE levels and eosinophil counts progressively decreased. The clinical response to dupilumab was sustained across all endpoints, with significant and progressive improvements in EASI, pruritus NRS, and sleep NRS observed up to week 52, followed by long-term stability through week 156. Serum IgE levels decreased steadily at all timepoints, while eosinophil counts declined after week 4 and stabilized beyond week 52. Hematologic conditions remained stable in 82.7% of patients, resolved in 16.5%, and progressed in only one case. Twelve patients (8.6%) received a new hematologic diagnosis during follow-up; no causal relationship could be established due to the retrospective design and absence of systematic screening, and these findings should be interpreted as descriptive associations only. Conclusions: Dupilumab appears to be safe and effective in AD patients with a broad range of hematologic comorbidities, including malignancies. These findings support its use in real-world settings, though prospective studies are warranted to further assess long-term safety in this population
Exploring Gen Z sustainable behavior in the hospitality industry
No full textThis study investigates Generation Z’s perceptions and behaviors regarding sustainable
practices in the hospitality sector, with a particular focus on the gap between intentions and actual behaviors. A significant attitude–behavior gap emerges: while the majority (69%) reports adopting sustainable practices in daily life, only 30% actively reduce air travel.
Through exploratory analysis, this study contributes to the existing literature by examining sustainability perceptions as key drivers in hotel selection, offering both theoretical and practical implications for the tourism industry. The data were collected through questionnaires and processed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically hypothesis testing tools. The findings indicate that while Gen Z exhibits strong environmental consciousness, economic constraints remain a barrier to sustainable choices. This research suggests that tourism companies need to develop targeted strategies to make sustainable options more accessible, considering both environmental sensitivity and financial limitations of the younger generation. This work addresses a notable gap in the tourism literature regarding travelers’ perceptions of sustainable practices, particularly focusing on Generation Z as an emerging market segment
Il principio della protezione dell'ambiente, una prospettiva di diritto comparato. Italia
Get PDFQuesto studio fa parte di un progetto più ampio, il cui
scopo è quello di analizzare, nella prospettiva del diritto
comparato, il principio della protezione dell’ambiente in
diversi ordinamenti giuridici. Dopo una breve
introduzione storica, l’individuazione della normativa
applicabile e l’analisi della giurisprudenza formatasi al
riguardo, vengono esaminati il contenuto, i limiti e la
possibile evoluzione di tale principio.
Il presente studio è dedicato al principio della protezione
dell’ambiente nell’ordinamento giuridico italiano.
La crescente attenzione da parte del legislatore italiano
alla protezione dell’ambiente porterà, in epoca recente,
all’inserimento di un riferimento alla tutela ambientale
nei principi fondamentali e in ulteriori disposizioni della
Costituzione, nonché all’adozione di una serie di leggi
che, progressivamente, finiranno per imporre sempre
più rigorose limitazioni all’esercizio di qualsiasi attività
destinata ad incidere sul territorio, rischiando, talora, di
pregiudicarne lo sviluppo.
Nel contemperamento fra le esigenze di tutela
ambientale e l’esercizio di diritti costituzionalmente
garantiti, questi ultimi finiscono sovente per essere
sacrificati in ragione di esigenze di tutela della
sostenibilità ambientale, ancorché i parametri di
valutazione utilizzati nel considerarne la legittimità non
siano adeguatamente definiti nel diritto positivo ed
espongano il loro apprezzamento ad eccessivi margini di
discrezionalità, se non addirittura ad arbitrarietà
Aligning Business and Software Processes: GQM+Strategies Revisited
No full textGQM has proven itself useful in supporting the definition and execution of software measurement plans. However, GQM has not been as effective in supporting the need for linking software measurement goals to higher-level goals, which typically originate in the business world. Hence, the GQM+Strategies technique was proposed to explicitly linking software measurement goals to the business world. However, little attention was given to the description of the business world. In this paper, we propose a method to precisely describe the business domain and its characteristics, the business goals, the strategies, their relationships with the software activities carried out to support the strategies, and how strategies are selected. We propose a way to firstly describe the business world, including business and software processes, and secondly to specify the measurements to be carried out. The proposed approach has been applied to a case proposed in the literature. The proposed approach proved very effective in supporting the investigation and descriptions of the business world. The creation of measurement plans according to the GQM+Strategies technique was greatly eased
D‐amino acids: new functional insights
No full textThe d-enantiomers of amino acids (d-AAs) were initially considered “unnatural” molecules. They are primarily of microbial origin, present in low amounts, and without biological functions in eukaryotes. However, over the past few decades, sensitive analytical methods have uncovered the presence of both free and peptide-bound d-AAs in higher organisms. During the same period, the discovery of serine racemase—the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible formation of d-serine from l-serine—in rat brains demonstrated that mammals synthesize d-AAs. Notably, the enzymes responsible for d-AAs catabolism were identified almost 90 years ago. Subsequently, free d-AAs such as d-serine, d-aspartate, d-alanine, and d-cysteine have emerged as a novel and important class of signaling molecules in various organs, including the brain and endocrine system. Their involvement in a wide range of neurological disorders has drawn significant scientific interest. We have focused on novel findings, based on the latest analytical techniques, that have reshaped our understanding of physiological processes across diverse organisms, from plants to humans. Beyond neurotransmission, recent studies have highlighted the versatile roles of d-AAs in cancer, inflammation, immune regulation, kidney disease, and diabetes. Moreover, these studies suggest that the levels of d-AAs in blood and urine could serve as early biomarkers for conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and chronic kidney disease. Understanding the role of d-AAs in certain pathological states is helping to identify new therapeutic targets, offering promising opportunities for clinical applications in treating various diseases