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Do applicant reactions to gamified cognitive ability tests differ between high- versus low-stakes settings?
No full textA comprehensive analysis of forest restoration practices across Europe: ecological, economic, social and policy dimensions
No full textScaling up ecosystem restoration is essential to halt and reverse land degradation and biodiversity loss and ensure future functionality and resilience. However, the implementation of concrete restoration initiatives will present many challenges, such as setting appropriate and realistic goals, selecting or developing the most effective and efficient restoration practices, as well as carrying out effective short- and long-term monitoring of success. Furthermore, there is a lack of information to facilitate the implementation of effective restoration interventions. To address this knowledge gap we gathered information on the ecological, economic, social and policy challenges faced by restoration practitioners across Europe using a widely distributed online survey.Based on the 398 responses received from practitioners working in 31 countries we assessed how practical and scientific knowledge form an integral part of restoration initiatives. The focus of more than 40% of respondents from restoration projects was on increasing the population of species (plant species) and promoting their regeneration. Two common elements emerged across the wide diversity of responses: 1) a prevalent belief that restoration enhances multiple ecological aspects simultaneously, and subsequently, 2) the importance of developing monitoring frameworks that holistically evaluate restoration effectiveness, given the difficulty in defining a single, exclusive indicator of restoration success, as this could oversimplify the outcomes in complex ecosystems. Furthermore, respondents emphasized the importance of taking a holistic approach to restoration design, encompassing not only ecological aspects but also social, economic, and policy dimensions. The findings from the analysis of this survey provide, for the first time, a comprehensive view of the ecosystems and restoration activities that European countries are prioritizing, along with evaluation by the stakeholders involved
Semi-residential care in university clinics for cardiology: day clinics as a third treatment level
No full textFibrinogen triggers perivascular fibroblast activation in the perivascular space in a mouse model of cortical ischemic stroke
No full textFibrotic scar formation is a persistent repair response within a lesion following Central Nervous System (CNS) disease. Perivascular fibroblasts (PVFs) located in the perivascular space delaminate from blood vessels, expand and become an integral component of the fibrotic scar expressing and depositing an excess of Collagen I (Col I) in CNS disease. However, the mechanisms driving PVF activation and fibrotic scar formation during CNS disease remain unknown. Here, we show that blood-derived fibrinogen deposition in the perivascular space is an initial activator of PVF activation after photothrombosis, a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Pharmacological fibrinogen depletion reduces PVF activation and their delamination from blood vessels to build up the fibrotic scar. Fibrinogen induces β1-integrin signaling in PVFs to induce Col I expression and secretion. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic approaches revealed a contribution of fibrinogen-induced perivascular macrophages to PVF activation. Finally, fibrinogen depletion abrogates PVF-astrocyte signaling and lesion border formation, promoting neuronal survival and plasticity. Therefore, we propose that fibrinogen acts as a critical trigger for PVF activation and fibrotic scar formation, inhibiting neuronal regeneration after stroke
Beyond eurocentrism: globalising and decentring research on micro-regional cross-border cooperation
No full textDurable anti-fogging polymer coatings based on C,H insertion cross - linking (CHic) that are user and environmentally friendly
No full textEffects of emissions from oriented strand board on the development of atopic dermatitis using two different experimental mouse models
No full textAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease widespread in children, which later in life can predispose them to asthma. Oriented strand board (OSB), increasingly used in the construction industry, emits volatile organic compounds in the indoor air, some of which may exacerbate AD development in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of OSB emissions on the development of AD and lung inflammation. Two different murine AD models, induced by calcipotriol or oxazolone, were exposed to higher- or lower-emitting OSB throughout the experiments. Physiological, biochemical, and immunological parameters of skin disease development, as well as lung inflammatory parameters, were evaluated. Exposure to higher-emitting OSB, characterised especially by high 3-carene emissions, exacerbated some parameters of AD, such as skin barrier function and thickness, with accumulation of eosinophils and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX)-driven mediators in both models, whereas IL-4 or 5-LOX-positive cells were increased in only the calcipotriol or oxazolone model, respectively. In the lungs of calcipotriol-treated mice, higher-emitting OSB increased lung eosinophil recruitment. Exposure to lower-emitting OSB had no or even beneficial effects on the skin or lungs of murine AD models. 3-carene in OSB emissions, alone or in combination with other substances, may promote the development of AD and prime the lungs towards an allergic phenotype. Identification and quantification of potentially harmful emitting sources in indoor air may be important for AD prevention or control
Increase of brivaracetam serum concentration with introduction of cenobamate
No full textIntroduction: Cenobamate is a new antiseizure medication approved for polytherapy of focal epilepsy with complex hepatic metabolism and effects on liver enzymes. So far, data are limited with regard to possible interactions with other antiseizure medications. We here report effects of Cenobamate on serum levels of Brivaracetam, a SV2-agent modulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release.Methods: Retrospective analysis of Brivaracetam serum concentrations with new introduction of Cenobamate with Brivaracetam as a constant baseline antiseizure medication in 19 patients with focal epilepsy. Statistical analysis using paired Fisher´s exact t-Test.Results: New introduction of Cenobamate lead to a statistically significant increase in Brivaracetam serum concentrations with a mean increase by 27%. This was infrequently accompanied by adverse effects.Discussion: New introduction of Cenobamate to a pre-existing antiseizure regimen containing Brivaracetam leads to considerably increases in Brivaracetam, probably related to inhibition of CYP2C19. This needs to be taken into account when interpreting changes in treatment efficacy, but also when relating potential adverse effects to baseline vs. newly introduced treatment
