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Experiencias de Valorización Enológica del Souvignier Gris in Trentino
No full textLa industria vitivinícola está enfocándose cada
vez más en el cultivo de variedades de uva
resistentes a enfermedades fúngicas, como una
alternativa sostenible para disminuir el uso de
pesticidas y enfrentarse a los desafíos que
plantea el cambio climático. Entre estas
variedades, la Souvignier gris -una uva híbrida
emparentada con la Seyval y la Zähringer- ha
incrementado significativamente la superficie
de cultivo y la producción de vino en varios
países, como Alemania, Francia e Italia. Este
estudio consolida una serie de investigaciones
encaminadas a la valorización de los vinos de
Souvignier gris producidos en Italia. Una
encuesta de palabras libres, basada en la
memoria a largo plazo de 25 expertos catadores
y productores, permitió generar una lista de 115
descriptores únicos, que posteriormente se
categorizaron en clases y subclases según la
rueda de aromas propuesta originalmente por
Nobel et al. (1984). Más allá de los aromas
afrutados, los principales descriptores
propuestos se vincularon a moléculas
aromáticas de origen varietal. La lista
clasificada de descriptores se empleó luego
para evaluar el efecto de un tratamiento con β-
glucosidasa (1 g/hL, Revelation Aroma
Rapidase, Oenobrands, Francia) en un vino
Souvignier gris. En una prueba Duo-Trio
aleatoria, treinta de los cuarenta y un jueces
fueron capaces de distinguir (p ˂ 0,01) entre las
diferentes muestras. Los aromas mineral
(34%), especiado (41%) y hierba cortada (37%)
se percibieron con menor intensidad en los
vinos tratados con enzimas, mientras que los
florales (63%) y afrutados (63%) se potenciaron.
En particular, el descriptor tropical; fue el más
destacado en los vinos tratados, y el 77% de los
jueces consideraron que el tratamiento
enzimático potenciaba este aroma. La
evaluación de los parámetros tecnológicos de
madurez y acidez de las uvas en el tiempo
(2016-2023) sugirió además el potencial uso del
Souvignier gris en la producción de vinos
espumosos, gracias a su pH particularmente
contenido y a la acidez eminentemente tartárica
de los mostos a madurez tecnológica. El
análisis del perfil aromático de este tipo de
producción en los vinos Souvignier gris sugiere
además una plasticidad potencial de la variedad
en función del objetivo enológico
Breastfeeding after breast cancer in young BRCA carriers
No full textBackground We investigated safety of breastfeeding after breast cancer in patients carrying germline BRCA pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. Methods This was an international, multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective cohort study including BRCA carriers diagnosed with stage I-III invasive breast cancer at age 40 years or younger between January 2000 and December 2020 (NCT03673306). Locoregional recurrences and/or contralateral breast cancers, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients who breastfed after delivery and those who did not. Results Among 4732 patients included from 78 centers worldwide, 659 had a pregnancy after breast cancer diagnosis, of whom 474 delivered a child. After excluding patients with uptake of bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy prior to delivery (n = 225) or unknown breastfeeding status (n = 71), 110 (61.8%) breastfed (median duration 5 months) and 68 (38.2%) did not breastfeed. Compared to patients in the no breastfeeding group, those who breastfed were more frequently nulliparous at breast cancer diagnosis (61.8% vs 45.6%) and did not report prior smoking habit (71.8% vs 57.4%). After a median follow-up of 7.0 years following delivery, 7-year cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrences and/or contralateral breast cancers was 29% in the breastfeeding group and 36% in the no breastfeeding group (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.57 to 2.06). No difference in DFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.49 to 1.41) nor in OS (aHR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.31 to 5.66) was observed. Conclusions Breastfeeding did not appear to be associated with a higher risk of developing locoregional recurrences or contralateral breast cancers, emphasizing the possibility of achieving a balance between maternal and infant needs without compromising oncological safety
Sorry, Your HIT Is Overbooked - Investigating the Use of Crowdsourcing HIT Catchers
No full textIn microtask crowdsourcing, Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) are commonly allocated on a first-come, first-served basis: they are published on the platform and the fastest workers select the most attractive ones first. This step has not received much attention from the scientific community yet, though it can become particularly taxing for workers when they compete to secure the most sought-after tasks. There are many strategies to ensure one's access to tasks and their effects on the labour process as a whole are not well understood. For instance, platforms with a sizeable task reservation queue allow workers to gain preferential access to a large number of tasks, which in turn may cause a shortage of work for the rest of the crowd. For the requesters, this means lower rates of completion and a lack of worker diversity. We explore workers' strategies for accessing and reserving tasks using monitoring techniques from both client and server sides. We investigate how these strategies affect task execution, in terms of availability, completion time, and answer quality, by deploying 1000 image annotation HITs in Amazon Mechanical Turk including objective and subjective tasks. We observe that workers who do not use automated catching techniques tend to have higher annotation quality, are more focused, spend more effort on text editing, and provide a higher diversity of output than workers using such tools. This study also reveals the tragedy of the commons effect among platform members due to the use of catching techniques: workers using automated catching techniques reserve and complete a substantially higher portion of the available tasks, but the over-reservation of HITs restricts all workers of reservation opportunities, and compromise their own future labour capacity as well. We observe a high inefficiency in job completions, as the majority of the times a task is being reserved by a worker, it will not get actually performed and will need to be republished for further allocation. Finally, we propose solutions to mitigate the negative effects of these phenomena on the labour process
Volume-Equated High-Load Resisted Sprint Training: Determining the Longitudinal Effects of Varying Distance and Repetitions on Acceleration Performance in Rugby Players
No full textUnderstanding how to precisely program resisted sprinting to enhance sprint phase-based adaptations is an important yet underexplored topic. This pilot study examined the impact of high-load sled-resisted sprint training when varying distance and repetitions for the same overall volume on acceleration capabilities and performance. Twenty under-19 national-level rugby players were divided into 2 groups, performing sprint sets of short or long distances over an 8-week intervention. Resistance (∼50% individual maximal velocity decrement, through load-velocity profiling) and overall volume (distance × repetitions) were equated across groups. Preintervention and postintervention testing included 10, 20, and 30 m split times, and acceleration-speed profiles to characterize maximal acceleration and speed capacities. The main effects of group, time, and their interaction were assessed using linear mixed-effects models, with the athletes as random effects, and subsequent analyses of variance. Statistically significant large mean effects were observed across for 10 m split times, maximal theoretical acceleration, and the slope of the acceleration-speed profile (omega-squared = 0.19-0.34, p 0.05). The findings align with existing research suggesting that high-load resisted sprinting specifically enhances acceleration capabilities. The absence of clear differences in training outcomes between the groups may be attributed to the similarity of stimuli, indicating a need for greater variation in volume distribution (e.g., increased distances per repetition) to discern effects. However, our results imply that acceleration performance improvements might be less sensitive to volume distribution variations than expected, allowing practitioners flexibility in their programming within this study's parameters
The orientation towards multilingualism of future Italian teachers: perceptions and attitudes in the Humanities and STEM fields
Get PDFFriuli Venezia Giulia is a multilingual region in northeastern Italy, where recent migratory flows create phenomena of contact between Italian, historically present minority languages, and the languages and dialects spoken by nuovi cittadini, the ‘new citizens’. School classes host significant percentages of minors with a migration background, and attention to multilingualism, its visibility, and its enhancement from a future European perspective is high. In this context, teacher training is a central theme, as the statements and positions of adults can directly affect the perceptions and attitudes of the minors entrusted to them. This study presents the results of a survey conducted through a sociolinguistic questionnaire as part of the initial training of future Italian teachers. The research, which complements previous works and studies in the literature, aims to assess the perceptions of new teachers regarding multilingualism, both in general and in relation to teaching in multilingual classrooms, and working with multilingual students. The information provided by the subjects engaged in humanistic disciplines is compared with the corresponding statements from colleagues in technical and scientific areas, with both a theoretical descriptive goal and an applied focus on possible future teachers’ training on the
job and professional development paths
Effects of Neuromuscular Priming with Spinal Cord Transcutaneous Stimulation on Lower Limb Motor Performance in Humans: A Randomized Crossover Sham-Controlled Trial
Get PDFBackground: Lower limb motor output contributes to determining functional performance in many motor tasks. This study investigated the effects of non-invasive spinal cord transcutaneous stimulation (scTS) applied during an exercise-based priming protocol on lower limb muscle force and power generation. Methods: Twelve young, physically active male volunteers (age: 22.7 ± 2.1 years) participated in this randomized crossover, sham-controlled study. The maximal voluntary contraction and low-level torque steadiness of knee extensors, as well as the maximal explosive extension of lower limbs, were assessed before and after the priming protocol with scTS or sham stimulation over a total of four experimental sessions. Further, characteristics of evoked potentials to scTS related to spinal circuitry excitability were assessed in the supine position before and after the scTS priming protocol. The exercise component of the ~25 min priming protocol consisted of low-volume, low- and high-intensity lower limb motor tasks. Results: scTS priming protocol tended to increase or maintain maximum isometric torque during knee extension (4.7%) as well as peak force (0.2%) and rate of force development (6.0%) during explosive lower limb extensions, whereas sham priming protocol tended to decrease them (−4.3%, −3.3%, and −15.1%, respectively). This resulted in significant interactions (p = 0.001 to 0.018) and medium–large differences between scTS and sham protocols. These findings were associated with meaningful trends of some neurophysiological variables. Conversely, priming protocols did not affect low-level torque steadiness. Conclusions: scTS counteracted the unexpected fatigue induced by the exercise-based priming protocol, supporting lower limb performance during maximal efforts. Future studies are warranted to assess the implementation of scTS with optimized exercise-based priming protocols during training and rehabilitation programmes that include high-intensity neuromuscular efforts
Surgical site infections and sepsis in gynecological surgery
Get PDFDespite advancements in infection control, surgical site infections (SSIs) and postoperative sepsis remain significant challenges in gynecological surgery, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In low-income countries, circulatory failure due to septic shock leads to most deaths after surgery, with sepsis accounting for almost two-thirds. This review provides a comprehensive update on the global incidence, risk factors, pathogenesis, and preventive strategies for sepsis and SSIs in gynecological procedures. Utilizing a search of PubMed and Web of Science, recent evidence highlights the complex interplay of microbial, patient-specific, and procedural factors influencing infection risk. Key findings underscore the importance of modifiable risk factors, including diabetes, obesity, and anemia, as well as the role of the vaginal microbiota in postoperative infections. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, including targeted antibiotic prophylaxis, optimal skin preparation, and perioperative glycemic control, have shown efficacy in reducing SSIs and associated complications. This review emphasizes the critical need for tailored infection prevention strategies to mitigate the burden of sepsis in gynecological practice
Search for the jet-induced diffusion wake in the quark-gluon plasma via measurements of jet-track correlations in photon-jet events in (Formula presented) collisions at (Formula presented) with the ATLAS detector
No full textThis paper presents a measurement of jet-track correlations in photon-jet events, using 1.72 (Formula presented) of (Formula presented) data at (Formula presented) recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with energetic photon-jet pairs are selected, where the photon and jet are approximately back-to-back in azimuth. The angular correlation between jets and charged-particle tracks with transverse momentum ((Formula presented)) in the range 0.5-2.0 GeV in the hemisphere opposite to the jet, (Formula presented), is measured as a function of their relative pseudorapidity difference, (Formula presented). In central (Formula presented) collisions, these correlations are predicted to be sensitive to the diffusion wake in the quark-gluon plasma resulting from the lost energy of high-(Formula presented) partons traversing the plasma, with a characteristic modification as a function of (Formula presented). The correlations are examined with different selections on the jet-to-photon (Formula presented) ratio to select events with different degrees of energy loss. No diffusion wake signal is observed within the current sensitivity and upper limits at 95% confidence level on the diffusion wake amplitude are reported