University of Udine
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Unlocking the biological potential of whey proteins through lactic acid bacteria fermentation
No full textThe effect of operating parameters on the performance of an innovative garlic clove separating machine
No full textGarlic is an essential crop in Egypt with significant culinary and medicinal value, yet manual clove separation remains laborious and inefficient. This study aimed to develop an innovative garlic clove separating machine. Machine performance was assessed across three parameters: drum speeds ranged between 22 and 41 rpm, moisture content (MC) ranged between 46 and 62%, and clearance settings ranged between 10 and 20 mm. MC emerged as the most critical performance determinant, with optimal separation efficiency at 48–56% MC. Clearance settings significantly influenced quality, where 20 mm clearance maximized capacity while 10 mm enhanced purity, particularly for MC bulbs (<45% MC). Clove damage showed strong MC dependence, with 20 mm clearance minimizing injury in moist bulbs and 10 mm optimal for drier conditions. MC and clearance adjustments proved more impactful. The study identified key trade-offs: higher MC improved throughput but increased damage, whereas tighter clearances boosted purity at the expense of separation completeness. The practical recommendations include processing at 49–54% MC, using 10 mm clearance for dry bulbs and 20 mm for wet ones, and adjusting drum speed accordingly (32–41 rpm). These guidelines can improve processing efficiency by 18–22% while reducing damage losses by up to 15%
The value relevance of banking loans: a comparison between IFRS 9 and IAS 39 on a European sample
No full textThe aim of this paper is to test the value relevance of IFRS 9, in com-parison to its predecessor, the IAS 39 accounting standard, both on an overall and bank loans level. In order to do this, we investigate on a sample of 139 European banks. Results highlight that both principles are shown to be value relevant. However, the introduction of IFRS 9 can be linked with an increased ability to explain market stock price compared to IAS 39, but exclusively at the individual loans level. Moreover, the significance of this finding is comparatively better when considering equity-strong countries. Inside this framework, the classic Net income information is price relevant only within the EU 15 countries, as well as in the aforementioned equity-strong countries. This indicates that net income can be deemed as value-relevant only in countries where accounting standards are applied in a more accurate way, as well as where more value relevance is considered more im-portant by investors
L'opposizione dei magistrati alla riforma che non c'è
No full textL'articolo analizza, criticamente, le prese di posizione di parte della magistratura contro l'ipotetico referendum confermativo della riforma costituzionale sulla separazione delle carriere di p.m. e magistrato giudicante, in corso di approvazione in Parlamento
Classification-based policies for the online on-demand warehousing problem
No full textIn a dynamic global economic landscape, logistics companies have to be able to respond quickly and flexibly to changes in demand. This is where the concept of On-Demand Warehousing (ODW) comes in; an emerging approach that promises to revolutionize the way companies manage their warehouse space. This approach allows companies with temporary excess capacity to offer their space to others, who want to cover short-term demand peaks. By this, this concept provides advantages over traditional models, such as dedicated storage facilities or long-term leasing. However, the dynamic nature of this system presents unique challenges, especially in terms of matching customer requests with available storage in real time. Unlike offline models, where future demands are known or estimated, the Online ODWP requires decisions to be made without prior knowledge of upcoming requests. Our work addresses online ODWP by proposing an innovative methodology that integrates Machine Learning methods with sequential stochastic optimization to enhance decision making processes in real time. In an extensive computational study, we show that the newly proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art heuristics and yields near optimal solutions within very short run times. Detailed algorithmic analyses as well as managerial insights are derived. We, for instance, provide decision guidelines for platform providers facing acceptance or rejection decisions on dynamically arriving storage requests
New cements: a look at the future of the construction sector for an ecological transition
No full textConcrete is the most widely used building material in the world: its fundamental component is clinker, the production of which results in the emission of 900 kg of CO2 per ton of concrete. The impact on the environment deriving from the consumption of water to be included in the mixture and the extraction of aggregates, which are usually natural gravels of calcareous origin, is also not negligible and creates impoverishment of re-sources. The aim of this study is to promote the use of cements in concrete that are made up of a reduced percentage of clinker, replaced by more sustainable materials. Several experimental studies conducted by various re-searchers comparing traditional type I cement with type II, II/C-M, V and VI cements are taken into consideration. The comparison between the various products is carried out not only in terms of resistance at 28 days, but the entire maturation cycle is taken into account. The workability of the material obtained is also considered, wanting to guarantee the possibility of producing a concrete that can assume all the fluidity classes defined by the regulation. A further aspect that is analyzed is represented by carbon dioxide emissions: for each type of cement the release of CO2 into the atmosphere is analyzed, defining an innovative efficiency parameter given by the ratio between the mechanical resistance and carbon dioxide emissions per m3 of concrete. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new mixtures required by the regulation, encouraging the designer of the future to adopt them on site, in order to obtain a more sustainable construction sector. The results obtained can also be a starting point for future regulations that would introduce the concept not only of the concrete resistance, but also of the environmental efficiency
Evaluation of a detomidine–ketamine–azaperone combination for the chemical immobilization of fallow deer (Dama dama)
No full textThe fallow deer (Dama dama) is a widely distributed cervid in Europe, often managed in enclosed settings for conservation, education, or hunting purposes. Chemical immobilization is frequently required during routine handling; however, fallow deer remain understudied in the scientific literature with regard to standardized anesthetic protocols. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an anesthetic protocol combining detomidine (0.2 mg/kg), ketamine (2 mg/kg), and azaperone (0.3 mg/kg) in 22 captive fallow deer. Animals were immobilized for clinical procedures, including health checks, blood sampling, individual identification, and translocation. The quality of anesthesia and physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, end-tidal CO2, arterial blood pressure, temperature) were monitored throughout immobilization. Anesthetic depth was evaluated through the assessment of reflexes, muscle tone, and eye position. The quality of induction, immobilization at approach, and recovery were systematically evaluated using dedicated scoring systems. Induction was smooth in all animals, with lateral recumbency time, and time to first safe approach achieved in 10.7 ± 6.4 min, and 22.0 ± 5.1 min, respectively. Mean handling time was 49.8 ± 9.6 min. Physiological parameters remained within acceptable limits, with only transient hypoxemia. Recovery was uneventful in most individuals, with the majority exhibiting good to excellent recovery quality and standing within 20 min of atipamezole administration. Only one individual experienced a poor-quality and prolonged recovery. No complications were observed post-procedure. The detomidine-ketamine-azaperone combination proved to be an effective and safe protocol for immobilizing fallow deer, providing stable anesthesia and good recovery quality. Dedicated scoring systems enabled a standardized and repeatable evaluation of the quality of the used protocol and its suitability. This study is the first to describe the use of azaperone in combination with detomidine and ketamine in fallow deer, contributing new insights into non-opioid immobilization strategies for cervids
Plodarisch, Zahrar Sproche, Tischlbongarisch: Assessing the degree of endangerment
No full textThis paper evaluates the vitality and degree of endangerment of Plodarisch/ Sappadino, Zahrar Sproche/Saurano, and Tischlbongarisch/Timavese, three Southern Bavarian dialects spoken in the German enclaves of Sappada/Plodn, Sauris/Zahre, and Timau/Tischlbong in the alpine area of Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy. Employing the parameters developed by UNESCO and used in the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, the study reassesses existing literature and integrates recent sociolinguistic field data. The assessment concludes that despite strong community support, institutional protection, and significant efforts in education and documentation, all three varieties are severely endangered due to a consistent decline in intergenerational transmission and diminished use in daily life. To ensure their continued viability, concerted efforts are urgently needed
On the interpretation of inflected subject clitics
No full textThis paper discusses the distribution of subject clitics in nominal copular constructions in the variety of Este (PD) which is a partial pro-drop language where null subjects alternate with subject proclitics: when a postverbal subject NP is present, no subject clitic is allowed with lexical verbs. However, subject proclitics are allowed with postverbal subjects in inverse copular sentences where the postverbal NP agrees with both the copula and the subject proclitic. This paper explores the available discourse semantic interpretations of inverse copular sentences resulting by this inflectional pattern: while the preverbal predicative NP is a topicalized intensional element that instantiates a description, the postverbal NP represents new information. The preverbal predicative NP does not refer to an entity, but to a property representing the subset that includes the postverbal subject NP which a focal element introduced, just in this configuration, by a subject proclitic