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La democrazia nelle culture politiche del secondo dopoguerra italiano
No full textIl saggio ricostruisce il dibattito interno alle principali famiglie politiche del secondo dopoguerra italiano sul tema della democrazia, indugiando sulla forza ispiratrice di questo concetto per la loro attività svolta nella società e nelle istituzioni. Il contributo si sofferma sulle iniziative assunte dai partiti a loro presidio, specie in alcuni delicati momenti di transizione, e di fronte all’esigenza ciclica di riforme, pensate per rendere complessivamente più performante il sistema democratico, messo a dura prova dagli epocali mutamenti tecnologici, economici e sociali iniziati ormai mezzo secolo fa e soprattutto dalla progressiva scomparsa dei partiti. Questi ultimi rappresentano le gambe, su cui poggiano le culture politiche, e il primo motore della lotta politica, il cui fine ultimo è proprio la democrazia
Teaching With Photography: Practices and Reflections from Pre-Service Teachers in Early Childhood and Primary Education
No full textThis contribution outlines the design and evaluation of a university-based educational activity aiming to promote critical and creative uses of photography in pre-service teacher education. The activity formed part of a broader module on image-based didactics, delivered as part of a fourth-year course within a Master’s Degree in Primary Education. The module consisted of two lectures on visual literacy and image analysis, followed by an e-tivity in which students selected and planned a teaching activity based on a photograph by a professional photographer.
The e-tivity comprised four steps:
(1) conducting individual research on the photographic work of a selected photographer (from a curated list including e.g. Doisneau, Erwitt, McCurry and Salgado);
(2) reflecting critically on how the selected photograph could be integrated into a meaningful classroom experience;
(3) creating a detailed teaching plan using a provided template; and
(4) completing an optional anonymous questionnaire designed to collect evaluative feedback and information about students’ existing and prospective photographic practices in early childhood and primary education contexts.
Out of a total of 202 activities submitted, a total of 175 students completed the questionnaire. Data analysis revealed three key themes. Firstly, the activity was well received overall; students particularly appreciated the opportunity to explore the work of photographers and the inclusion of supporting materials. Secondly, while many participants reported occasionally using photographic materials in their teaching practice, the e-tivity prompted them to integrate images more intentionally and diversely, including analysis, production, and ethical reflection. Thirdly, 86.2% of respondents said that they were likely to use author photography more in future.
The findings suggest that, when framed within a structured didactic proposal, author photography can act as a powerful tool for stimulating educational reflection and design in pre-service teacher education. The e-tivity enabled students to view photography as more than just illustrative material, recognising it as a complex medium capable of eliciting interpretation, dialogue and participation among young learners.
This study highlights the need for further research on integrating photography into teaching practices in kindergarten and primary schools. Particular attention should be given to the selection of images and how they connect with learning objectives
The TEACH-AI project: Co-designing Practices for Socio-Educational Services
No full textThis paper provides an overview of the TEACH-AI (Transformative Educational
Approaches for Civic and Human-centered AI) research project, which focuses on the co-design of practices and policies related to the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Italian socio-educational services. The study uses an action research approach to investigate AI literacy and co-develop shared guidelines for its adoption. The research examines the integration of AI through three key theoretical concepts – professional capability, affordance-
in-practice, and sentiment – which together frame the implications of AI for professionals.
Initial results, obtained through the PAIR questionnaire administered to 467 workers from 19 social cooperatives in Italy, revealed an uneven and selective use of AI and a high level of expectation for its future application in both strategic and operational functions. The aim of the research is to formulate strategies that improve the effectiveness of services while maintaining AI as a support tool and safeguarding the human and relational dimension at the heart of socio-educational work
Techno-economic performance optimization and energy integration analysis of ammonia synthesis system with different electrolyzers
No full textConverting renewable electricity into carbon-free ammonia fuel will not only solve the problem of renewable energy utilization but also contribute to reducing the traditional chemical industry's dependence on fossil energy and achieving a low-carbon transformation in chemical production. This study employs a multi-objective optimization algorithm to optimize the waste heat recovery unit of the ammonia synthesis system based on alkaline water electrolyzer, proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell, and solid oxide electrolyzer cell, designs the system heat exchange network, and explores the effect of improving the system efficiency by using the system's low-temperature waste heat to produce domestic hot water. The results show that improved system energy efficiency comes at the expense of increased ammonia production costs due to increased investment in auxiliary equipment, and the energy efficiency of the ammonia synthesis system based on solid oxide electrolyzer cell is the highest, ranging from 72.1 % to 73.3 %. The payback time of the ammonia synthesis system based on alkaline water electrolyzer is the shortest, ranging from 7.7 to 8.1 years, due to the minimal investment in alkaline water electrolyzer. The exergy analysis results show that the maximum efficiency point further improves the system energy efficiency by optimizing the utilization of the system's medium and high-temperature waste heat. In addition, at the maximum efficiency point, if the low-temperature waste heat of the system is used to produce domestic hot water, the system's exergy loss will be further reduced, resulting in an increase in system exergy efficiency of about 0.3–0.5 %, and a shortening of the investment payback period by 0.2–0.6 years. Economic analysis results show that when the electricity price is greater than 56.8 $/MWh, the reduced electricity cost when the ammonia synthesis system adopts the solid oxide electrolyzer cell to produce hydrogen can offset the electrolyzer's high investment cost, making it more economical than the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell. The above conclusions provide an important reference for the integration design and technology selection of ammonia synthesis processes in regions with different resource conditions and technological maturity
Nearly half of 325 athletes reported pelvic floor symptoms: a cross-sectional study at the Lima 2024 World Athletics U20 Championships
No full textObjectives Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) symptoms are common among athletes but remain underexplored in youth of both sexes competing in track and field. The primary objective was to assess the prevalence of PFD. Secondary objectives evaluated symptoms impact, awareness of pelvic floor health, related behaviours and gynaecological health in females. Methods This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted during the Lima 2024 World Athletics U20 Championships. All athletes were eligible and invited to complete a multilingual, anonymous web-based survey assessing pelvic floor health. Results Of the 325 athletes who participated (59.1% females, 40.9% males), 43.7% (n=142) reported PFD symptoms. Prevalence was similar across daily life and athletics activities. Overactive bladder and pelvic pain were the most common conditions. Females had higher PFD rates (n=103, 53.7%) compared with males (n=39, 29.3%). Athletes with athletics-related urinary incontinence (n=42; 12.9%) reported frustration and reduced concentration during performance. Symptomatic athletes had low body mass index and reported more maladaptive pelvic floor-related behaviours than asymptomatic athletes (p<0.05). Menstrual issues and contraceptive use were more frequent among females with PFD (p<0.05). Fewer than 30% (n=95) were aware of pelvic floor health, and 88% (n=286) had never undergone screening. Most did not disclose symptoms (n=111; 78.2%) or seek specialised care (n=135; 95.1%). Conclusions PFD was prevalent among elite youth athletes, particularly females. These findings highlight the need for proactive strategies, including education, embedding pelvic floor health in medical evaluations and addressing sex-specific needs to optimise athletes' health throughout their careers
Docenti universitari tra campi, mondi sociali e comunità di pratica: analisi empirica di un caso studio
No full textIl contributo esplora le dinamiche complesse che coinvolgono i docenti universitari, in particolare i professionisti-docenti, all’interno del contesto accademico contemporaneo. Utilizzando un framework teorico che include i concetti di comunità di pratica, mondi e campi sociali, il caso studio qui presentato apre una riflessione su come questi docenti si posizionano attraverso diverse configurazioni sociali. Si evidenzia, in particolare, come la loro presenza ibrida, tra contesti professionali e contesto accademico, offra opportunità di innovazione didattica e connessione con il mondo del lavoro, ma al contempo generi tensioni e criticità. La ricerca, condotta attraverso interviste e focus group presso l’Area di Comunicazione di un istituto universitario, mette in luce le sfide legate alla frammentazione dell’esperienza formativa, alla trasmissione dell’habitus scientifico e alla sostenibilità a lungo termine dell’integrazione di figure professionali diverse nel contesto accademico
Resilienza creativa dei piccoli comuni di montagna: il caso di La Punt Chamues-ch in Engadina
No full textSulle Alpi i comuni più piccoli stanno perdendo attrattività per gli abitanti, che si trasferiscono nel fondovalle, nelle località più grandi e nei più vicini centri urbani. Strategie sono necesarie per attirare abitanti e trattenere i residenti. Esempio di resilienza è il comune di La Punt Chamus-ch in Engadina
