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Errare humanum est. Le “sensibili” incrinature del sillogismo giudiziale
No full textIl contributo riflette su alcune caratteristiche e su certi vizi dell’attività di giudicare. Dopo aver rilevato determinati tratti (fisiologici e patologici) del modo antropico di decidere, lo scritto ribadisce la necessità di continuare a puntare sul giudizio dell’uomo sull’uomo. Nonostante le complessità, le volubilità e le insufficienze che caratterizzano il decisum umano, è in fin dei conti proprio la sua umanità a non rendere estranea a chi ne è destinatario l’amministrazione della giustizia al caso concreto.
The paper reflects on certain characteristics and vices of the activity of judging. After noting some traits (physiological and pathological) of the anthropic mode of decision-making, the Author reiterates the need to continue to focus on “man’s judgment on man”. Despite the complexities, ficklenesses and inadequacies that characterize the human decisum, it is - after all - precisely its humanity that does not render the administration of justice alien to its recipient
A Measurement Approach for Characterizing Temperature-Related Emissivity Variability in High-Emissivity Materials
No full textThe effective knowledge of emissivity is pivotal to obtain reliable temperature measurements through non-contact techniques like pyrometry and thermal imaging. This is fundamental in high-temperature applications since material emissivity strongly depends on temperature conditions. Given the recent attention in high-temperature applications, especially for replacing fossil-fuel-dependent heating with greener solutions in energy-intensive processes, renewed interest in characterizing materials radiant properties rose. This work presents a measurement procedure for characterizing the total emissivity of high-emissivity materials exploiting microwaves for heating the test material. The procedure grounds on a sequential approach, using a reference material of known emissivity (e.g., high-emissivity coating, already characterized sample holder, etc.) to derive the target material total emissivity. Uncertainty analysis is performed to provide a metrological characterization of the approach. The procedure is validated on target materials of known emissivity, focusing on high-emissivity materials commonly employed in microwave heating processes. Results are compatible with reference literature and material datasheets, demonstrating the validity of the proposed approach
Egocentric and allocentric memory recall strategies moderate transfer action sentence recognition
No full textDevelopment of a non-invasive ultrasonic sensor network for the measurement of human activities in indoor environment using multi-stage classification process
No full textThis study is contextualized in the field of improving indoor comfort measurements, with particular focus in identifying the presence of occupants and discriminating their activities in the environment. Indeed, a non-invasive (and non-wearable) Human Activity Recognition (HAR) system, based on ultrasonic sensors (US) for monitoring activities in office environments, is presented. The methodology has been developed in a controlled environment and involved 10 participants performing predefined office activities. The raw US sensor data has undergone a pre-processing phase, which included calibration to filter out environmental noise and segmentation into 5-s windows. This phase transforms the raw distance data into meaningful displacement measurements that serve as input for classification models. The root mean square temporal marker is extracted and used as input feature in a two-stage classification approach to differentiate between low-intensity and high-intensity activities. Specifically, to increase the accuracy of activity detection, a two-stage classification approach involving both machine learning and deep learning techniques has been developed. In the first stage, the support vector machine classifier distinguishes between static and dynamic office activities with 93.1 % accuracy. In the second stage, a convolutional neural network further classifies specific dynamic office activities, such as writing, typing on a PC, talking on the phone, and standing, with a mean accuracy of 99.3 %. The experimental results confirm the high performance of the proposed HAR system, demonstrating the effectiveness of US sensors for reliable activities recognition. This scalable solution has the potential to enhance user comfort by integrating US-based HAR systems into personalized comfort models and optimizing resource usage in indoor environments
Search and Matching in the Housing and Labour Markets. The Interplay Between Housing Tenure, Employment Status and Market Outcomes
No full textUnsupervised Learning of Physical Effort: proposal of a simple metric for wearable devices
No full textDetection of physical effort through the analysis of physiological parameters is a challenging endeavor, due to the intrinsically complex nature of the physiological condition of fatigue status. Indeed, the possibility to categorize physical effort is critical to reduce the associated risks, particularly among people exposed to heavy workload. On the other hand, as the effects of physical effort on physiological signals are not univocal, data labeling commonly applied in machine learning is not always possible, and unsupervised methods must be investigated. This paper presents a method for unsupervised learning of physical effort. The method is based on a metric exploiting two physiological signals that can be easily acquired by wearable devices, namely, heart rate and skin conductance. Such metric has the same unit of measurement of heart rate, i.e., the beats per minute, but it is characterized by greater information content related to effort levels. Then, the experimental analysis is carried out on signals acquired before, during and after the execution of physical activity. The Davies-Bouldin index, chosen as figure of merit for performance analysis, shows that the proposed method is able to identify the proper number of clusters, corresponding to the different levels of physical effort
Life cycle assessment to advance the fashion industry’s sustainability: A review
No full textThe fashion industry, a major polluter, requires urgent environmental reform throughout its supply chain. European Union is a leader
on sustainability; therefore, it has to be taken in special consideration when it comes to policy analysis and actions. Understanding
products impacts during their life cycles is crucial for this transformation, necessitating tools to monitor and assess impacts at all
stages. Comprehensive tools, such as life cycle assessment (LCA) allow to identify critical intervention points and providing strategic
decision-making support. This review article analyses the benefits and limitations of LCA in the fashion industry from the scientific
literature and proposes solutions to overcome these limitations. It also examines fashion companies that communicate the adoption of
LCA. The methodology plays an important role in transitioning to sustainable production and consumption models within a circular
economy framework, by providing data based on a scientific and standardised method. An emerging approach is the to Organisational
LCA, as it can further support companies that are not able to see the entire product life cycle in adopting a monitoring methodology
at organisational level
Pattern Formation, Ruptures, and Repairs in Treatments of Personality Disorders: An Idiographic Case Series Study
No full textBackground: Any human communication is based on verbal, emotional, and movement patterns that weave within and between conversation partners. Personality disorders (PD), characterized by emotional dysregulation, attachment instability, and impulsivity, present disruptions in the integration of these coordination dynamics influencing alliance formation and outcome. Therapists, regardless of their clinical expertise, often find themselves grappling with the complexities of tailoring PD treatment. The alliance is often challenged by significant tension or breakdowns increasing risk of impaired progress. Thus, this
multi-method comparative case series study investigated how four therapists tailored their treatment with four PD patients in amentalization-based treatment
program to identify patterns of interaction that might facilitate or hinder the therapeutic process during sessions characterized by severe disruption.
Methods: The Symptom Checklist (SCL-92) was applied to identify two
successful and two unsuccessful PD treatments. The Rupture Resolution Rating System-Revised was used to detect sessions with rupture frequency peaks in each treatment case. Therapist adherence and competence were assessed with the Mentalization-Based Therapy Adherence and Competence Scale. Heart rate patterns were calculated with cross-recurrence quantification analysis
to examine synchronization. An interpretative phenomenological analysis examined the therapeutic process, in addition to quantitative measures. Results: In sessions with increased rupture frequency, therapists had difficulties managing ruptures and struggled to tailor their treatments no matter the treatment outcome and therapist experience level. Therapists showed high contribution to confrontation ruptures, low adherence and competence ratings, decreased ability to stimulate a mentalizing environment, and inattentiveness to the patients’ mental and emotional states during rupture management. Interestingly, more positive heart rate recurrence correlations were identified
in sessions from successful treatments showing different regulatory patterns in rupture peak sessions from good vs. poor outcome treatments.
Discussion: Our results make a significant contribution to psychotherapy
research by offering a multifaceted perspective on how dynamical alliance processes might foster or hinder the therapeutic process. The clinical implications of low adherence, therapist strategic competence, and increased HR synchronization between therapist and patient in rupture intense sessions are discussed
Tra comunità educante e patrimonio culturale. Una riflessione emblematica nell’alveo della pedagogia sociale
No full textIl saggio esplora il ruolo della pedagogia sociale nella rigenerazione urbana e nella costruzione di un nuovo welfare educativo, ponendo al centro il concetto di comunità educante e il valore del patrimonio culturale. Attraverso un’analisi teorica e progettuale, l’autore evidenzia come il terzo settore, il volontariato e le pratiche educative territoriali possano contribuire a contrastare le povertà educative e promuovere il benessere collettivo. Partendo da una riflessione sul concetto di rigenerazione – intesa non solo in senso urbanistico ma anche sociale, culturale ed educativo – il testo propone una “pedagogia della città” capace di integrare memoria storica, partecipazione attiva e progettazione condivisa. In questo contesto si inserisce il progetto PRIN “Patrimonio culturale e comunità educanti”, che rappresenta un esempio concreto di co-costruzione di competenze e legami sociali attraverso l’educazione. Il saggio sottolinea inoltre l’importanza della bellezza e dell’estetica come strumenti pedagogici per la cura e la trasformazione sociale, promuovendo una visione dell’educatore come promotore di benessere, salute e coesione nei contesti urbani. L’educazione diventa così un processo generativo, capace di valorizzare le risorse locali e di formare professionisti orientati all’inclusione, alla solidarietà e all’innovazione sociale
Functional Aspects of Ritual in Digital Religion
No full textThis article presents the initial results of a research project on the functional aspects of rituals in digital religion. The study aims to answer the following question: Does a sacred action, which is the founding element of a ritual, have the same efficacy when performed in a digital space? In the literature, there are heuristic models that analyze the phases that a ritual would go through before being transferred online. These analytical models are accepted and shared by the academic community and represent a complete theoretical framework regarding the authenticity and formal legitimacy of the ritual celebrated in digital spaces. The development of valid models relating to studies on the functional aspects of the online ritual seems to be less complete. For this reason, in this research, we proposed the use of a theoretical model borrowed from the cognitive science of religion, which classifies rituals as repeatable and nonrepeatable. The model was tested by applying it to the Catholic Mass broadcast on the Facebook page of Saint Anthony of Padua on June 13, 2024. In this context, two rituals were isolated: prayer and Holy Communion. The study led to the identification and analysis of the prevailing categories and communicative signs to try to answer the research questio