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    15106 research outputs found

    Political Participation and Social Capital

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    This chapter examines political participation as a key component of social capital in democratic societies. Following the tradition of Putnam’s Making Democracy Work, political participation reflects not only the pursuit of interests but also a civic sense that sustains institutional efficiency and social cohesion. In Italy, the crises of political parties and ideologies have transformed both the forms and meanings of participation: the decline of traditional engagement, such as voting or party membership, has been accompanied by the rise of new, hybrid modes, including social movements and civic activism. These changes challenge researchers to reconsider the contemporary relevance of social capital indicators measuring political participation, such as electoral turnout and newspaper readership, vis-à-vis their capacity to represent today’s civic culture. In this chapter, we take up this challenge by empirically analysing their evolution across Italian provinces between 2008 and 2024. We find that, although their salience has diminished due to social and technological changes (e.g., growing abstentionism, digital information flows), electoral turnout and newspaper readership continue to delineate a consistent geography of regional disparities in Italy’s social capital, while enriching a diachronic perspective grounded in previous studies

    Novel gait phases recognition framework leveraging the temporal structure of the myoelectric activity

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    Objective. Reliable control of lower limb prostheses during gait using surface electromyography requires robust decoding of myoelectric signals to ensure safety and efficiency. Conventional myoelectric pattern recognition (PR) methods, which classify features extracted from each window, often yield inaccurate and unstable output, limiting their practical use. Approach. To deal with these issues, two novel temporal myoelectric-based gait phase recognition frameworks are presented. Temporal activation profile (TAP) considers a sequence of features extracted from consecutive windows, and dual activation shots (DAS) using features extracted from the current and a specific preceding window. These methods were tested on (1) publicly available SIAT-LLMD dataset of 40 healthy subjects under different locomotion conditions, and (2) two subjects with transfemoral amputation during normal walking. Main results. TAP and DAS significantly outperformed conventional PR methods, achieving accuracies of 88.50% and 87.97%, respectively, in healthy subjects during normal walking. TAP achieved optimal performance using features extracted from consecutive windows spanning 240 ms in the past, whereas DAS performed best when leveraging features from the current window combined with those from a window 160 ms prior. No significant differences were observed between TAP and DAS under optimal conditions. Both approaches effectively enhanced gait phase recognition performance when applied to transfemoral amputee gait data. The TAP framework achieved the highest performance, surpassing 87.80% accuracy with extended temporal context requirement, and outperforming the DAS approach (82.32%) under pathological conditions. Significance. Both TAP and DAS are robust solutions for gait phase recognition as they stabilize the decision output and reduce classification errors. DAS is more practically feasible due to lower temporal and computational demands, while TAP is more effective in the case of altered neuromuscular activation patterns. The findings of this paper highlight the potential of integrating these methods into real-time prosthetic controllers, ensuring safe and reliable use for patients

    Apuleius on the Cosmos

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    Lettura normativa dei decreti legislativi n. 215 e n. 216 del 30.12.2025. I nuovi orizzonti del contrasto europeo alla criminalità: l’ordine europeo di produzione e l’ordine europeo di conservazione delle prove elettroniche

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    La pervasività dell’informatica nel contemporaneo – che si riflette anche sulle attività criminali perpetrate all’interno del territorio comunitario – ha indotto il Parlamento Europeo e il Consiglio dell’Unione Europea ad adottare, nel luglio 2023, due specifici provvedimenti normativi finalizzati a individuare le corrette metodiche da seguire – in seno al procedimento penale o in fase esecutiva di pene detentive – per acquisire e disporre di dati informatici relativi a comunicazioni elettroniche, gestite da aziende di un Paese membro UE che opera con un collegamento sostanziale in un territorio nazionale

    Hydrogeological risk in Florence: memory and perception in the context of climate change

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    This study investigates the relationship between memory and the perception of hydrogeological risk in the context of climate change, focusing on the metropolitan area of Florence, Italy. Adopting a mixed-methods approach that combines historical–literary analysis with a large-scale questionnaire survey (734 respondents) and statistical modelling, the research provides an original contribution to the understanding of how collective and individual memory shape risk perception, preparedness, and institutional trust. The results show that direct memory of past events reduces panic and enhances preparedness but weakens trust in institutions, while the absence of memory increases reliance on authorities but limits operational knowledge. Socio-demographic factors such as age, education, and degree of urbanization selectively influence risk perception, with floods and heatwaves perceived more strongly in urban areas and landslides in rural ones. By explicitly integrating memory as an analytical dimension within risk perception studies, the paper highlights a persistent gap between awareness and adaptive behaviour and underscores the need for territorially differentiated communication and governance strategies in local climate risk management

    In-Vivo Biosensors and Visual Data for Precision Agriculture: a Multimodal Approach for Water Stress Detection in Tomato Plants

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    Early and accurate plant stress prediction is fundamental in precision agriculture to optimize resources use and crop yield. Herein, we introduce a multimodal framework for classifying water stress in tomato plants by exploiting data from novel in-vivo biosensors and plant images. We combine electronic features from the biosensors with RGB and NIR images captured from different points, exploiting a Transformer for the biosensor data and pretrained CLIP-based encoders for visual data, and we fuse them together before a cross-attention mechanism is applied. The system classifies plant health status into four health statuses. The results demonstrate better performance of multimodal model over single-modal baselines, and good results also in distinguishing ambiguous statuses. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed multimodal framework for smart agriculture, with implications for sustainable crop management and water stress mitigation

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