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Essays on the distributional impact of housing in Italy
No full textThe inclusion of housing into equivalised disposable income provides a more comprehensive measure of households' well-being. In the literature, two methods of computing housing into income have been proposed: the imputed rent approach and the out-of-pocket approach. Consistent with existing studies, our results indicate that inequality and poverty levels increase after deducting housing costs but decrease when imputed rents are included due to their more equal distribution. Using EU-SILC data from 2007 to 2019 for Italy, we analyse how economic, demographic, income and housing trends contribute to the rise in the share of income spent on housing for the lowest quintile of income. We find that the increase in rent disproportionally impacts low-income households, while increasing income for high net-worth households. Moreover, for low-income households, the rise in housing costs is not accompanied by better housing conditions. Finally, since the imputed rent approach appears to not capture cohabitation economies of scale and higher urban living costs, whereas the out-of-pocket approach does, the paper concludes that the latter seems to be more appropriate for poverty analysis.
The aim of this paper is to simulate a recurrent immovable property tax reform to align the outdated cadastral values to market values. In doing that, we develop a static microsimulation model based on the Bank of Italy Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) for 2020. We analyse the redistributive effects of the current tax system and of the proposed reform, presenting three scenarios. The first is a non-revenue neutral scenario, where the same tax rates as the current property tax apply to the updated cadastral values. The second and third scenarios are budget neutral. The former achieves the revenue-neutrality by solely lowering the tax rates, while the latter reduces the tax rates by less extent, ensuring the budget-neutrality through a lump-sum monetary transfer to low-income households. Our findings indicate that each reform scenario provides a better redistribution and progressivity than the existing tax system. Moreover, our results suggest that in budget-neutral scenarios the gainers outnumber the losers. A well-designed recurrent residential property tax would lower both vertical and horizontal inequality.
This contribute investigates the effect of tax credits on housing renovations in Italy, using multi-year cross-sectional data from the Household Budget Survey from 2014 to 2019. We refer to housing renovations as both building interventions (50% tax credit) and energy efficiency retrofitting (65% tax credit). In particular, we examine the consequences of the reform introduced since 2016, which allowed taxpayers with no tax liability to transfer the energy efficiency tax relief on building’s common parts, in lieu of using it to reduce their tax liability. In doing that, we estimate a linear probability model that evaluates the effectiveness and the distributional impact of the reform, controlling for housing and household characteristics, as well as economic and climate factors. We find out that the possibility of credit transfer increases the overall renovation rate and reduces the regressivity of the incentive
The Prince, the Citizen and the Man. The Virtues in Muratori’s Thought
No full textThis chapter aims to focus on the concept and functions of the virtues proposed in the treatise Della pubblica felicità (1749). The first part will be devoted to the mosaic of virtues (clemency, constancy, fortitude, temperance, justice, charity, faith, hope, humility) and their relationship to public utility and public happiness, pivotal in Muratori's discourse. The second part will focus on the forms of expression of virtue, and namely the most useful means of sharing morals and virtues and to achieve public happiness. In particular, it will focus on the alliance between literati and princes and the support of the arts and poetry, especially theatre, to the teaching of virtues within the common horizon of politics. These are topics with distant roots in Muratori's work: therefore, keeping in mind the important turning point represented by the 1749 treatise, the chapter will also refer to Muratori's early reflections (Della perfetta poesia italiana 1706) and the equally fundamental work La filosofia morale (1735).
This will give us the opportunity to better understand Muratori's dialogue with traditional and modern sources of virtue ethics and to compare his thought with other critical proposals of the European Enlightenmen
Acute treatments: neuromodulation and peripheral nerve blocks
No full textMigraine can significantly impact the quality of life. Several oral acute migraine treatments are available, and new specific drugs have been recently developed with the aim of limiting the impact of this disease on daily life. However, some patients do not respond to oral abortive drugs, presenting a challenge for neurologists and headache specialists. For this reason, neuromodulation and peripheral nerve blocks have emerged as a credible alternatives for abortive migraine treatment. Evidence from numerous randomized control trials (RCTs) and clinical studies has shown that these techniques effectively relieve migraine pain without causing consistent adverse events. Additionally, they offer several advantages, such as avoiding medication side effects and reducing drug-to-drug interactions. In this chapter, we will discuss the efficacy, tolerability, and safety profile of different neuromodulation techniques and peripheral nerve blocks for the acute treatment of migraine, focusing on RCTs and large real-life studies. We will also provide a description of their mechanisms of action, as well as their main contraindications
Turistificazione. Overtourism e resistenze nella città neoliberista
No full textIl volume propone un viaggio dentro il turismo e l’industria turistica italiana. Con uno stile divulgativo, che però non tradisce l’approccio analitico, viene ricostruita la progressiva turistificazione del Paese, dal Grand Tour di Goethe all’esplosione della crocieristica. Nel mezzo vengono affrontate domande che oggi sono all’ordine del giorno: l’arrivo di milioni di visitatori come trasforma le città italiane? Siamo destinati a convivere con il conflitto tra i residenti e i turisti? Il fenomeno turistico è regolabile in maniera sostenibile? Chi sono e cosa vogliono i comitati e le associazioni che, contrastando l’overtourism, rivendicano il «diritto alla città»? Superando la contrapposizione tra chi pensa che il turismo sia una risorsa rinnovabile, pulita e sostenibile e chi, invece, lo considera la rovina della società futura, i due Autori legano questa industria alle trasformazioni del capitalismo contemporaneo e cercano una soluzione per salvaguardare le destinazioni turistiche senza limitare il diritto alla mobilità volontaria di tutti e di tutte
Santa Maria del Sepolcro
No full textIl contributo indaga le caratteristiche architettonico/compositive della chiesa di Santa Maria del Sepolcro nel territorio di Vicovaro (RM
Progetto «Zodiac». Maria Bottero e l’architettura della rivista 1963-1973
No full textIl volume indaga la stagione 1963-1973 di «Zodiac»,
quando l’ingresso di Maria Bottero imprime alla rivista
una direzione nuova e sorprendentemente rimasta in
ombra. Il libro attraversa con lenti teoriche e progettuali
questa stagione, mostrando come i nove numeri
curati da Bottero rivelino una quasi totale coincidenza
tra il pensiero della rivista e quello della sua redattrice,
poi direttrice. Le architetture e le ricerche pubblicate,
lette come testi, compongono una bibliogra a progettuale
che diventa biogra a implicita, disvelando a nità,
ossessioni e temi.
«Zodiac» è interpretata come progetto: materiali, scelte
gra che, temi e rapporti tra testo e immagine disegnano
un’architettura editoriale radicale, capace di cogliere
impronte latenti e traiettorie instabili del dibattito disciplinare.
Un’appendice aggiorna il lascito della rivista con
una conversazione con Bottero, un repertorio iconogra
co di copertine e di indici, restituendo il ritratto di
un progetto anomalo e anticipatore
A Consensus Kalman Filter on L_2 spaces
No full textWe study the estimation problem of infinite dimensional discrete-time stochastic linear systems with finite dimensional measurements on sensor networks modeled by connected undirected graphs. The framework encompasses discretized PDEs with sampled measurements. A new scheme of distributed consensus on measurements is extended to systems evolving in L2 spaces in order to limit the information exchange to finite-dimensional vectors. We show that, in analogy to the finite-dimensional case, at each node the variance of the estimation error tends to the one of the centralized Kalman filter for systems is L2 when the number of consensus steps increases
Traces of Martin Crimp on the Italian Stage
No full textMy article focuses on the reception of Martin Crimp in Italy but it also takes into account influences of Italian authors on Crimp’s drama.Crimp's play radically changes its meaning according to its context.” (The Guardian, 10 March, 1999.) Billington’s suggestion had a special poignancy in relation to the death of Sarah Kane that took place just three days before the opening.
The Pirandellian questions raised by Crimp’s play(s) and highlighted in Mitchell’s staging (who is in control of a play: the writer, the director, the producer, or the actors? Mitchell allowed actors – who knew all the lines by heart – to improvise each night their choices of text), gave the actors the impression of being unusually free. However, just as it happens in Pirandello, that freedom is still an illusion
Bioelectrochemical single reactor for reductive and oxidative removal of trichloroethylene from contaminated groundwater
No full textChlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (TCE) are persistent groundwater contaminants due to improper disposal and low biodegradability. This work presents an innovative bioelectrochemical system for the integrated reductive/oxidative removal of TCE from contaminated water, implemented in a single tubular reactor. Unlike previous approaches relying on sequential reactor configurations, this study optimizes a three-electrode setup that enables both anaerobic and aerobic dechlorination processes to occur simultaneously within the same unit. The system features a mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode that facilitates oxygen evolution and supports oxidative degradation, and a graphite cathode for TCE reduction under anaerobic conditions. The reactor's configuration promotes the coexistence of both anaerobic and aerobic microbial communities, enabling complete dechlorination of TCE and minimization of toxic by-products
RESULTS
After characterizing the system from a fluid-dynamic point of view, continuous-flow galvanostatic runs at +15, +30, and +20 mA achieved removal efficiencies above 97%. By-product profiles confirmed the progression toward full mineralization. The most effective performance was obtained at +30 mA, with a removal rate of 38.6 μmol/L d−1. Coulombic efficiency and energy consumption were also evaluated, highlighting the feasibility of low-energy operation.
CONCLUSION
This single-reactor strategy represents a significant advancement in the design of compact and efficient systems for in situ groundwater remediation, reducing operational complexity while enhancing treatment performance. © 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Assessment and characterization of Origanum vulgare essential oil in highly viscous polymeric dispersions for cleaning cultural heritage stone materials
No full textStone biodeterioration caused by microbial colonisation poses significant challenges to the conservation of cultural heritage. Here, we investigate highly viscous polymeric dispersions (HVPDs) using Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) and its primary active component, carvacrol, to provide an eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical biocides. The formulations were characterised by rheology, revealing shear- thinning behaviour that facilitates both application and subsequent peeling removal. Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) provided insights into the chemical interactions and molecular dynamics within the HVPDs. Both HVPDs formulations with EO and carvacrol were applied to remove biofilm from a sandstone surface at Castlelaw, an ancient Iron Age fort in Scotland. Biocidal efficacy was assessed through Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assays, showing substantial reductions in microbial contamination, and Fourier Transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR ATR) highlighted the removal of biogenic compounds. Both formulations maintained significant antimicrobial activity over two months, suggesting their potential for long-term application in conservation. Overall, this study underscores the viability of HVPDs enriched with natural essential oils as sustainable solutions for microbial biodeterioration in historic stone materials, paving the way for future advancements in conservation practices