513225 research outputs found
Sort by
Decoding the long-term safety of anti-CGRP (receptor) mAbs. A meta-analysis and systematic review
No full textObjective
To evaluate the long-term safety (≥12 months) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor in migraine prevention by synthesising evidence from clinical trials and real-world studies. We focus on drug discontinuation due to adverse events and the type and frequency of adverse events. This is the first review to analyse the effects of the long-term use of all anti-CGRP (receptor) mAbs, aiming to provide novel insights for clinical practice and future treatment strategies.
Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies with ≥12 months of anti-CGRP (receptor) mAb use between January 2013 and April 2025. A random-effects meta-analysis of proportions (logit transformation, inverse variance weighting, restricted maximum likelihood) was performed to estimate pooled discontinuation and adverse event rates. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I score.
Results
From a total of 1,499 records, 14 met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for data analysis. These 14 records corresponded to 11 individual studies with observational durations all exceeding 12 months. Seven studies investigated erenumab, two eptinezumab, and one each fremanezumab and galcanezumab. All studies were judged to have a severe risk of bias due to their underlying design. The overall pooled proportion of treatment discontinuation for any reason among patients receiving anti-CGRP (receptor) mAbs was 23%, whereas the pooled proportion of discontinuation specifically due to adverse events was substantially lower at 3%. Time-trend analysis showed that adverse event–related discontinuation remained low (<5%) beyond the first year, while overall adverse event incidence was high at baseline (>70%) but did not further increase with prolonged follow-up.
Conclusion
Evidence on long-term use of anti-CGRP (receptor) mAbs over 12 months remains limited, but our analysis indicates good tolerability with consistently low adverse event-related discontinuation, no emergent safety signals, and largely non-serious, stable adverse event profiles. However, heterogeneity and study-level bias warrant cautious interpretation, highlighting the need for long-term clinical studies and continued real-world surveillance (e.g. registries)
Search for lepton flavor violation in τ→3μ decay with the Run~3 data of the CMS experiment at LHC
No full textLepton flavor conservation is one of the accidental symmetries of the SM that has been proven to be non-fundamental following the observation of neutrino oscillations. Among the possible lepton flavor–violating (LFV) processes, the decay of the tau lepton into three muons (τ→3μ) provides a particularly sensitive probe of new physics scenarios involving for instance heavy mediators or an extended Higgs sector.
This thesis presents a search for the LFV decay τ→3μ using proton–proton collision data, collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV during 2022 and 2023, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 62.2 /fb. The analysis targets tau leptons produced in vector boson decays. Candidate events are reconstructed from three muons originating from a common vertex in the detector and are selected using multivariate techniques. The search performs a bump hunt in the invariant mass distribution of the three muons, which would exhibit a narrow resonance around the tau lepton mass (1.777 GeV) in the presence of a LFV signal.
At the time of writing, the analysis is undergoing final internal review within the CMS Collaboration. Therefore, the results remain blind: data in the signal region are not used, and only the expected sensitivity, derived from simulated signal samples, is reported.
The expected upper limit on the branching ratio is Br(τ→3μ) <7.2 1e-8 at 90% confidence level, obtained from the combination of the 2022 and 2023 datasets.
The search for the τ→3μ process is complemented by performance studies of the upgraded readout electronics for the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter barrel in preparation for the High-Luminosity LHC phase, which are documented in Appendix A. Beam test measurements demonstrate that the new front-end electronics achieves an energy resolution better than 0.6 % and a time resolution below 30 ps for 50 GeV electrons, fully meeting the design specifications
Visualizing archaeobotanical data: A comprehensive photographic record of desiccated plant remains from an early modern context at Santi Quattro Coronati, Rome
No full textThe “Santi Quattro Coronati – archaeobotanical plates” dataset presents a comprehensive photographic collection of carpological remains recovered from a pit in the complex of Santi Quattro Coronati (Rome, Italy). The deposit, dated between the late 15th and the mid-16th century, yielded a diverse assemblage of desiccated plant remains. The dataset is novel in that it provides the complete photographic documentation of all identified taxa from a single Early Modern archaeological context, a chronological phase that remains underrepresented in Italian archaeobotanical research. The photographic documentation focuses on a representative sample of each taxon identified in the archaeobotanical analysis, with particular attention to the best-preserved specimens. When multiple plant parts of the same taxon were present, all were included. The dataset also includes fragile and rarely illustrated plant parts, such as cereal rachis fragments, tunics and basal plates of onion and garlic, grapevine tendrils and legume seed coats. These are often excluded from reference atlases due to their low archaeological survivability and the consequent scarcity of well-preserved comparative specimens. High-resolution images were acquired using a Leica MC205C stereomicroscope equipped with a Leica IC80HD camera and the Leica Application Suite v.4.5.0 software. Illumination was provided by the Leica LED5000 HDITM dome system, ensuring constant, diffuse light conditions. A column of images was captured for each specimen and processed with Helicon Focus v.7.0.1 Pro through focus stacking to obtain a single fully focused image. Depending on specimen size and complexity, between 9 and 127 photographs were used per perspective. Larger samples, unsuitable for microscopic observation, were photographed using a Canon digital camera under controlled illumination. Post-processing was performed with GIMP, applying standard tools for background cleaning and masking. Each final plate includes a scale bar for size reference. The dataset is organized alphabetically by plant family and taxon. For each taxon, one or more plates are provided, displaying specimens from one to three perspectives to represent their 3D morphology. Nomenclature follows the taxonomy used in the original publication of the assemblage and has been updated according to the most recent checklist of the Italian vascular flora. A metadata .xls file is provided to facilitate consultation, reuse, comparison and integration with other archaeobotanical datasets. This dataset offers a well-documented comparative visual reference for species/genus identification and for assessing the preservation state and morphological integrity of desiccated archaeobotanical remains. Offering detailed photographic records of New World plant taxa previously identified in this context, the study enhances accessibility and understanding of these materials through visual reference. Despite being limited to a single context, the dataset represents a best-practice in archaeobotany, encouraging other researchers to share complete photographic documentation of the carpological assemblages they study, thereby supporting open science and the gradual construction of an expanding visual reference collection. The dataset is primarily intended for archaeobotanists and environmental archaeologists working on Early Modern contexts, but it can also serve researchers investigating desiccated plant remains from other chronological periods and sites
La presenza dell’elemento naturale nelle esposizioni biennali tra Venezia e Parigi, 1960 - 1990
No full textLa presente tesi analizza in prospettiva comparata le storie della Biennale di Venezia e della Biennale de Paris tra gli anni Sessanta e Novanta, assumendo le esposizioni biennali come osservatorio privilegiato per indagare l’evoluzione delle pratiche artistiche fondate sull’uso di materiali naturali. Attraverso l’analisi dei dispositivi espositivi, delle scelte curatoriali e dei contesti istituzionali, la ricerca mette in luce come la nozione di “natura” venga declinata in modo differente nei due ambiti culturali, riflettendo distinte strategie di produzione, legittimazione e storicizzazione dell’arte contemporanea.
Alla Biennale di Parigi, fin dagli anni Sessanta, la natura si configura prevalentemente come materia povera, organica e concettuale, impiegata in chiave simbolica e processuale per interrogare il rapporto tra vita, linguaggio e artificio. Le pratiche riconducibili all’Arte Povera vengono qui presentate come espressione coerente e collettiva, in cui gli artisti italiani sono proposti come portatori di un’identità nazionale riconoscibile nel dibattito internazionale.
Alla Biennale di Venezia, al contrario, la natura emerge soprattutto come spazio ambientale e territoriale. In particolare, attraverso la Land Art e gli interventi site-specific, spesso restituiti in forma documentaria, l’opera si confronta con la scala fisica del paesaggio e con la sua trasposizione museale. A partire dalla metà degli anni Settanta, il progressivo spostamento dell’asse curatoriale dalle partecipazioni nazionali alle grandi mostre tematiche favorisce un approccio più istituzionale, in cui la natura viene integrata in riflessioni più ampie sull’ambiente, sul corpo, sulla tecnologia e sull’ecologia.
La tesi evidenzia come il ruolo dei curatori sia stato determinante nel definire tali traiettorie: a Parigi, l’azione critica contribuisce a legittimare l’Arte Povera come movimento identitario e sperimentale; a Venezia, le scelte curatoriali tendono invece a inscrivere le pratiche legate alla natura in un processo di immediata storicizzazione. Le Biennali emergono così come laboratori di costruzione del contemporaneo, in cui le dinamiche istituzionali e critiche orientano in modo decisivo la ricezione storica delle pratiche artistiche fondate sui materiali naturali
Technical and economic impact of the huge internet of things and artificial intelligence in the creation of the intelligent water network
No full textPromoting health and prosperity in all aspects of daily life is a challenge that every Man and woman is called to embrace. As an example, pursuing water safety is essential for maintaining municipal infrastructure and public health, and improving the quality of people's lives. This thesis proposes a computational risk assessment methodology involving the use of different Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to guarantee, above all, three main concerns: interpretability, data scarcity, and performance. To this aim, a methodology based on the use of AI techniques, Fuzzy Logic (FL), and Machine Learning (ML) is proposed here. To make this methodology concrete, based on the Water domain. Water quality assessment is the first study domain, developed in both Understanding Water Distribution Networks risk assessment, as well as understanding the main factors affecting the potability of water. The first aspect is dealt with a computational Risk assessment methodology involving the use of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) with Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to quantify and prioritize operational, environmental, and structural risks in Water Distribution Network (WDN). The methodology enhances traditional Failures Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) by taking linguistic Imprecision in the judgment of the expert into account, replacing deterministic Risk Priority Number (RPN) with fuzzy-based risk assessment. In addition, a ML pipeline is built based on data to make predictions about water potability in terms of physicochemical Features. Model performances are evaluated by cross-validation, Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) curves, and interpretability metrics like permutation importance and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values to determine the most significant factors affecting water quality and pH, sulfate, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were the most reliable parameters for water potability. In this thesis, we also implemented ML models, including advanced ensemble methods and a stacking meta-model, for the prediction of water stress and classification of water scarcity on a Global scale. This thesis evaluates the technical and economic performance of Intelligent Water Networks (IWNs) by integrating Internet Of Things (IOT) sensors and AI Techniques. Various AI approaches, including ML models and rule-based methods such as as FIS, were applied to monitor water quality and network parameters. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were analyzed, and model interpretability was employed by using tools like SHAP to provide more explanations for Decision-making and network optimization
Dementia care from the perspective of family members, caregivers, and public health and social care professionals: a qualitative study of the Italian fund for Alzheimer’s and other dementias
No full textBackground: Longer life expectancy has increased the prevalence of dementia, a major cause of disability in old age, requiring an interdisciplinary approach involving health and social care professionals (HScPs) and family members/caregivers (FmCs). This study aims to describe the current state of dementia care in Italy, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and experiences from FmCs and HScPs.
Study design: Descriptive qualitative study.
Methods: Forty-two focus groups have been conducted with 329 participants (187 HScPs and 142 FmCs).
Results: The management of dementia is hampered by a marked unevenness in territorial services, with often insufficient services and staff. FmCs complain of difficulties in obtaining information and face a burden of care, exacerbated by the fragmentation of services and the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these critical issues, the support of dementia-specific services (e.g., Centres for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias, Day Care Centres) and associations emerged as crucial. To enhance care, participants emphasized the need for more uniform and integrated services, well-trained professionals, public awareness campaigns to reduce stigma, and increased support for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their families.
Conclusion: A holistic and coordinated approach that reduces territorial inequalities and empower effective resources is essential to ensure equitable care and improve the quality of life of PLWD and their families
SapientIAGraph: An Open Knowledge Graph of University Degree Programs at Sapienza
No full textIn this paper we present SapientIAGraph, a knowledge graph (KG) designed to analyze the organization of university degree programs, with a focus on Sapienza University of Rome. The proposed KG is automatically built using a specialized web scraper. It extracts and semantically annotates institutional data published on the Sapienza website. We also make the resulting knowledge graph available under an open license, and in multiple formats
Le Lettere di Na Singŏl e le pratiche di scrittura della Corea del XV secolo
No full textThe Letters of Na Singŏl and the Writing Practices of 15th -Century Korea. This contribution examines two recently discovered vernacular Korean epistles penned around 1490 by Na Singŏl (나신걸, RR: Na Shin-geol, 1461-1524) to his wife. These letters, designated a National Treasure of Korea in 2023, compel a re-evaluation of the early diffusion and employ of the Korean alphabet. Through an analysis of translated excerpts, this study situates Na’s correspondence within the scriptorial practices of 15th-century Korea, highlighting its significance as the earliest extant example of vernacular letter writing. The content reveals intimate details of familial concerns, household management, and the emotional landscape of an official separated from his family. This analysis underscores the letters’ value as historical and linguistic documents, suggesting a more rapid and geographically widespread adoption of the new alphabet for personal communication than previously understood, involving both male and female correspondents shortly after the script’s promulgation
Sucesiones por causa de muerte y entorno digital: entre reglas de transmisión y tutela de la identidad
No full textLa irrupción de los bienes digitales en la esfera sucesoria ha transformado radicalmente la forma en que el Derecho civil se enfrenta a la muerte, la memoria y la continuidad jurídica de la persona. Esta obra ofrece una reconstrucción sistemática del fenómeno de la sucesión digital, integrando una perspectiva centrada en la dignidad humana y en los derechos fundamentales. A través de una taxonomía triaxial —valor, origen digital y accesibilidad técnica—, se analiza un nuevo patrimonio inmaterial compuesto por criptoactivos, NFT, activos financieros tokenizados, perfiles en redes sociales, canales de difusión digital, derechos de autor y otros bienes digitales con valor económico o afectivo.
La investigación propone una lectura renovada del Derecho de sucesiones en el entorno digital, distinguiendo entre patrimonio digital transmisible mortis causa e identidad digital, que exige una tutela post mortem específica. Conceptos tradicionales como bien, titularidad o voluntad se ven sometidos a una revisión crítica en clave de coherencia y continuidad jurídica. Asimismo, se abordan fenómenos emergentes como la creación póstuma de contenidos mediante inteligencia artificial, cuestionando los límites de la personalidad jurídica tras la muerte. En su conjunto, el libro formula una visión del Derecho civil europeo en la que heredar ya no es solo transmitir bienes, sino también custodiar la memoria, preservar valores y proyectar la identidad más allá de la vida
The Birth of the Archive of Family Images in the Songzhuang Area (Beijing, PRC)
No full textThis article traces the historical and social roots of Songzhuang, an
artistic and cultural hub on the outskirts of Beijing. Since the early
1990s, Songzhuang has hosted vibrant cultural practices in cinema and
contemporary art, later transforming into a State-regulated art district
shaped by urbanization and demolition. The study examines the
context in which the Family Lens was created a physical space that
gathers over a hundred documentaries on family life, organizes media
education workshops on documentary writing and production, and,
through the reshaping of personal memories, fosters the emergence of
individual perspectives that link the past to the present