513225 research outputs found
Sort by
Usage Control for Process Discovery Through a Trusted Execution Environment
No full textProcess mining provides valuable insights into workflows based on recorded execution data. The registered event logs often contain sensitive information as they may bear personal details about working individuals or reveal organizations’ know-how and their operations’ history. Therefore, confidentiality and privacy requirements are high priority for process mining. In this paper, we present ProMiSe, a software framework and service that allows users to control information usage for automated process discovery, from input provision, through log processing, to output consultation. Usage control rules are expressed by means of policies. ProMiSe turns them into dedicated applications running within a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to enforce those rules. We put our solution to the test with real-world event logs to assess its computational resource consumption and service time
“Un rito di carta. Libri e «librarietà» nella comunicazione delle imprese italiane”
No full textThis contribution sets out to frame the phenomenon of company books and its evolution in Italy in the context of corporate communication and publishing.
Corporate history books, biographies, and other kinds of editions are promoted by organizations to preserve and communicate their own corporate history, identity, and heritage to stakeholders. Despite representing a distinctive and long-standing publishing genre, corporate monographs remain a singular case of “books-no books” affected by a fundamental inattention and prejudice about their literary and documentary quality.
A focused review of interdisciplinary studies retraces both the historic and contemporary profiles of this sector in the Italian case, to focus on the major publishing models and trends. Secondly, the role of book is explored as a unique context of corporate self-communication, enabling the biographic and reflective ritual of “bookhood” – the cultural experience of “making books” or even “becoming a book” – with relevant impacts on companies’ culture and heritage and no equal by other communication tools and contexts
Liquid e-fuels for a sustainable future: A comprehensive review of production, regulation, and technological innovation
No full textThe decarbonization of sectors such as aviation, maritime transport, and heavy-duty mobility-where direct electrification is not yet feasible-requires alternative fuels with high energy density and compatibility with existing infrastructure. This review investigates the potential of liquid synthetic fuels, known as liquid electrofuels (or e-fuels), to replace fossil fuels in these hard-to-abate sectors. The objective is to provide a comprehensive, integrative assessment of liquid e-fuel development by analyzing production pathways, feedstock demands, regulatory frameworks, and industrial implementation trends. The study reviews three major production processes-Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, methanol synthesis, and the Haber-Bosch process-used to produce six key synthetic fuels: e-kerosene, e-diesel, e-methanol, e-dimethyl ether, e-gasoline, and e-ammonia. The methodology includes a systematic review of literature, life cycle assessments for water and energy demand, and analysis of over 30 large-scale projects worldwide in terms of plant capacity (10-200 MW), production volume, capital investment, and technology readiness level. Results show that process efficiencies range from 59 % to 89 %, with current production costs for synthetic kerosene and methanol varying between 1,200-4,200 /ton depending on the pathway and technology maturity. The study finds that polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis and industrial point-source carbon dioxide capture are the most prevalent technologies among operational plants. Regulatory complexity, high capital expenditure, and the lack of harmonized sustainability criteria remain key barriers to commercial scaling. This review advances the scientific literature by presenting a novel, multi-dimensional framework that connects technical, environmental, and policy considerations, offering a strategic roadmap for accelerating the global deployment of liquid synthetic fuels
Modifiche delle notifiche
No full textIl testo esamina l’ambito di operatività della disciplina del procedimento di modifica delle notifiche previsto all'art. 36 del Regolamento UE del 13 gennaio 2024, n. 1689, c.d. AI Act. L'autore si sofferma in particolare sulla procedura di modifica delle notifiche diverse dalle estensioni della sua portata e sull'esame dei principi che la governano. Vengono analizzati, infine, la disciplina relativa mancato soddisfacimento dei requisiti, nonchè il regime intertemporale di validità dei certificati
Scelte, performance e aspettative degli studenti: il ruolo delle origini sociali e dell’omogamia educativa
No full textIl capitolo analizza il ruolo delle origini sociali e, in particolare, dell’omogamia educativa dei genitori nei processi che influenzano le performance scolastiche e le aspettative educative degli studenti quindicenni in Italia, utilizzando i dati OCSE-PISA 2022. Muovendo dai principali modelli teorici sulla riproduzione delle disuguaglianze – dalla teoria della riproduzione culturale alla scelta razionale – gli autori mostrano come il capitale culturale familiare continui a rappresentare un fattore decisivo nell’orientare percorsi e opportunità educative.
Il concetto di omogamia educativa viene operazionalizzato attraverso la combinazione dei titoli di studio dei genitori, ricodificati secondo tre livelli ISCED. L’analisi evidenzia che oltre la metà delle famiglie italiane presenta una condizione di omogamia, soprattutto nei livelli medio e alto, mentre i casi di ipo- e ipergamia risultano meno frequenti ma sociologicamente rilevanti.
I risultati mostrano che l’omogamia educativa ha un impatto significativo sia sulle competenze matematiche sia sulle aspettative di istruzione dei figli. Le famiglie in cui entrambi i genitori possiedono titoli elevati tendono a trasmettere risorse culturali, aspettative e orientamenti che favoriscono il successo scolastico e la prosecuzione degli studi. Al contrario, le coppie non omogamiche presentano configurazioni più eterogenee, che possono generare effetti differenziati sulle traiettorie educative.
Il capitolo contribuisce così a chiarire i meccanismi attraverso cui la struttura familiare e la distribuzione del capitale culturale continuano a riprodurre le disuguaglianze educative, sottolineando l’importanza di un approccio analitico capace di “aprire la scatola nera” degli indici sintetici e di cogliere la complessità dei processi intergenerazionali
Introduzione. Venanzio Fortunato, pellegrino della parola
No full textOver three decades after Venanzio Fortunato tra Italia e Francia (Treviso, 1993), and more
than twenty years after the international conference Venanzio Fortunato e il suo tempo
(Treviso, 2003), this new collective volume seeks to reassess the field of Fortunatian
studies. Born in Duplavenis – today’s Valdobbiadene – between 530 and 540, and
educated in the Byzantine Ravenna reconquered by Belisarius, Venantius Fortunatus left
Italy around 565 to travel to Merovingian Gaul. Whether moved by a vow to Saint Martin,
as he himself wrote, or by the hope of literary success in a land that still revered the
prestige of Latin culture, Fortunatus found there both recognition and enduring fame
among kings, aristocrats, and bishops. He eventually settled in Poitiers, near Queen
Radegund’s monastery, where he later became bishop and died in the early years of
the seventh century.
A poet of transition between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Fortunatus inherited
the refined literary legacy of the classical world while inaugurating the long and fertile
season of medieval Latin poetry. His works – ranging from hagiography and panegyrics
to personal and occasional compositions – bear witness to a new synthesis of classical
form, Christian content, and Merovingian political reality. His influence extended far
beyond his own time: from the epitaph written for him by Paul the Deacon to Dante’s
citation in Inferno XXXIV, Fortunatus was received as a model of elegance and poetic
mastery.
Bringing together leading scholars from Italy and abroad, this volume presents new
research on Fortunatus’s language, style, theology, intertextual networks, and artistic
legacy. Opening new paths of inquiry, the essays collected here illuminate the poet’s
central place in the intellectual history of early medieval Europe and trace the continuity
of his reception from Late Antiquity to the Modern Era
Che tipo di altruismo? Simpatia e “progetto etico” in Philip Kitcher.
No full textLa proposta naturalistica di Philip Kitcher affronta la questione della moralità come risposta
riflessiva ai limiti strutturali dell’altruismo evolutivo. A partire dalla genealogia darwiniana del senso
morale, l’articolo ricostruisce la tesi secondo cui la moralità non emerge da un’estensione diretta
delle predisposizioni empatiche, ma come costruzione collettiva orientata alla regolazione della
cooperazione in contesti impersonali. Dopo aver distinto tre forme di altruismo (biologico,
comportamentale, psicologico), il saggio mostra come l’altruismo psicologico sia inadeguato a
fondare obblighi generalizzabili o aspettative morali stabili in società complesse. Il “progetto etico”,
così come delineato da Kitcher, si configura come una risposta storicamente situata a questa
insufficienza: non un fondamento a priori della normatività in senso realista, ma un insieme di
pratiche pubbliche orientate alla correzione della parzialità empatica e alla stabilizzazione delle
condizioni della convivenza. In questa prospettiva, l’etica non si fonda su proprietà morali oggettive
né si riduce a fenomeni psicologici, ma assume la forma di una tecnologia sociale riflessiva,
autocorrettiva e condivisa. Il saggio difende, in conclusione, una lettura naturalistica della moralità
come forma collettiva di impresa cooperativa, priva di fondamenti a priori ma non per questo priva
di forza
Compact quantum sensing device with Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in diamond
No full textThis thesis investigates the theoretical foundations, material properties, and experimental realization of quantum sensors based on the Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, a solid-state system that combines quantum coherence with room-temperature operability.
The first chapter introduces the principles of quantum sensing, outlining the fundamental definitions, operating protocols, and physical processes underlying the quantum measurement paradigm. Emphasis is placed on the quantum sensing Hamiltonian and the distinction between various classes of quantum sensors.
The second chapter focuses on diamond as a host material and on the NV center as a quantum defect. The electronic structure, optical transitions, and spin properties of the NV center are analyzed in detail. Several techniques of NV-based magnetometry are presented, including continuouswave and pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). The discussion also addresses coherence times (T1, T2, and T∗2 ) and methods of diamond synthesis together with NV-center
generation through irradiation and annealing.
Chapter three develops the physical theory describing the NV center. The Hamiltonian formalism includes spin-spin, hyperfine, and quadrupolar interactions, as well as couplings to external magnetic fields. The chapter further introduces the Bloch sphere representation, magnetic resonance phenomena, and models of lightmatter interaction, ranging from the semiclassical to the fully quantum Rabi framework. A seven-level rate-equation model is proposed to capture the spin
dynamics and optical cycling processes of the NV center.
The fourth chapter reports the experimental results. After describing materials and methods, several ODMR-based vector magnetometry experiments are presented, highlighting different spectral regimes and the dependence of resonance features on the external magnetic field geometry. Additional studies demonstrate temperature sensing and microwave-free magnetometry techniques for mapping magnetic field distributions. Sensitivity analysis and calibration procedures are also discussed
Indagine sulla salute orale e la sua correlazione con le malattie sistemiche in un campione rappresentativo della popolazione albanese
No full textIntroduzione. Le malattie orali costituiscono in Albania un rilevante problema di sanità pubblica, in un contesto di rapida transizione socioeconomica, determinanti comportamentali sfavorevoli e crescente carico di patologie croniche, con ricadute misurabili sugli esiti di salute orale. È stata condotta una valutazione integrata dello stato di salute orale e delle condizioni sistemiche nella popolazione adulta.
Obiettivi. Stimare la distribuzione degli indici di salute orale (carie attive, restauri, perdita dentale/missing, denti sani) e valutarne l’associazione con le principali patologie croniche e i fattori di rischio (ipertensione, malattie cardiovascolari, glicemia/diabete, fumo, alcol), con analisi stratificate per età e livello di istruzione.
Materiali e metodi. Studio osservazionale trasversale su campione rappresentativo di adulti, stratificato per sesso, età, area di residenza e livello socio-economico. La raccolta dati ha previsto esame clinico, questionari standardizzati e indicatori validati di salute orale; le associazioni tra stato orale e condizioni sistemiche sono state analizzate mediante modelli multivariati con controllo dei principali fattori confondenti.
Risultati. Nel campione totale l’ipertensione interessa circa un quarto dei soggetti e supera la metà nelle età ≥60 anni; i principali fattori di rischio comportamentali (fumo e alcol) risultano ampiamente diffusi. Nei profili con ipertensione e malattie cardiovascolari si rilevano esiti orali meno favorevoli, con maggiore perdita dentale e minori quote di denti sani rispetto agli altri gruppi; inoltre, le carie attive presentano picchi in specifici sottogruppi clinici. Emerge un marcato gradiente socio-educativo, con condizioni peggiori ai livelli di istruzione più bassi.
Conclusioni. La multimorbidità cronica si associa a peggiori esiti di salute orale, soprattutto nelle classi d’età avanzate e tra i gruppi socialmente svantaggiati. Le evidenze supportano l’adozione di programmi integrati di prevenzione e presa in carico tra odontoiatria e medicina interna, con priorità ai soggetti vulnerabili e agli anziani.
Ringraziamenti. Dipartimento di Scienze Odontostomatologiche e Maxillo-Facciali, Sapienza Università di Roma.Introduction. Oral diseases constitute in Albania a significant public health problem, in a context of rapid socioeconomic transition, unfavorable behavioral determinants, and a growing burden of chronic conditions, with measurable repercussions on oral health outcomes. An integrated assessment of oral health status and systemic conditions was conducted in the adult population.
Objectives. To estimate the distribution of oral health indices (active caries, restorations, tooth loss/missing, sound teeth) and to evaluate their association with major chronic diseases and risk factors (hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, glycemia/diabetes, smoking, alcohol), with analyses stratified by age and educational level.
Materials and methods. Cross-sectional observational study on a representative sample of adults, stratified by sex, age, area of residence, and socioeconomic status. Data collection included clinical examination, standardized questionnaires, and validated oral health indicators; associations between oral status and systemic conditions were analyzed using multivariable models controlling for major confounders.
Results. In the overall sample, hypertension affects about one quarter of participants and exceeds one half in ages ≥60 years; maj
or behavioral risk factors (smoking and alcohol) are widespread. Profiles with hypertension and cardiovascular diseases show less favorable oral outcomes, with greater tooth loss and lower proportions of sound teeth compared with other groups; moreover, active caries show peaks in specific clinical subgroups. A marked socio-educational gradient emerges, with worse conditions at lower levels of education.
Conclusions. Chronic multimorbidity is associated with worse oral health outcomes, especially in older age groups and among socially disadvantaged populations. The evidence supports the adoption of integrated prevention and care programs between dentistry and internal medicine, prioritizing vulnerable individuals and older adults.
Acknowledgments. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
Hydrophilic, hydrophobic and supramolecular eutectic-like mixtures: from physicochemical properties to atomistic solvation scenarios for sustainable applications
No full textThis thesis explores the design and characterisation of novel eutectic-like mixtures as sustainable alternatives to conventional solvents. Using a combined experimental–computational approach encompassing calorimetry, physicochemical measurements, X-ray scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations, the work connects molecular organisation to macroscopic properties and potential applications. Three classes of systems are investigated: i) water-based deep eutectic solvents (wbDESs), ii) hydrophobic low-transition-temperature mixtures (LTTMs) derived from monoterpenoids, and iii) supramolecular DESs (SUPRADES) formed by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and lactic acid. In the first part, the thesis focuses on wbDESs and identifies the ChCl/water mixture as a model system, with the 4:1 water:ChCl ratio (aquoline) representing the deep eutectic composition. Aquoline exhibits low viscosity, high conductivity, and markedly enhances the solubility of all native cyclodextrins compared to pure water, with X-ray scattering confirming the absence of aggregation even near their saturation limits. Molecular simulations on β-CD further reveal that the enhanced solubility originates from a balanced ionic–aqueous solvation environment surrounding the cyclodextrin. The ChCl/water system also modulates surfactant self-assembly, inducing a morphological transition from cylindrical to ellipsoidal micelles for cationic species, while anionic surfactants retain spherical structures. The second part focuses on monoterpenoid-based LTTMs, particularly the thymol:carvacrol 1:1 mixture. Calorimetry, X-ray scattering, and molecular simulations reveal a micro-heterogeneous yet structurally organised liquid stabilised by complementary conventional and unconventional (O–H···π) hydrogen-bonding interactions between its components. This cooperative molecular network underlies the exceptional ability of the mixture to dissolve commercial polyethylene terephthalate (PET) up to 10 wt% at 150 °C. X-ray scattering indicates that the system behaves as a θ-solvent, promoting extended polymer conformations, while molecular dynamics simulations reveal that complementary hydrogen-bonding and π–π interactions between the solvent components and the polymer chains govern the high dissolution efficiency. Finally, the β-CD:LA SUPRADES is examined as a novel supramolecular solvent. X-ray scattering analyses and classical molecular dynamics simulations reveal a homogeneous liquid phase in which β-CD molecules are uniformly dispersed and stabilised through an extensive hydrogen-bond network with lactic acid. NMR studies confirm the formation of an inclusion complex with trans-anethole, supported by cooperative interactions within the solvent matrix that promote guest absorption and retention, as further evidenced by gas chromatography analyses. Overall, this thesis provides a comprehensive framework linking microscopic structuring and macroscopic performance in eutectic-like mixtures, offering fundamental insights and practical directions for their design and use as next-generation green solvents