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Concepts in Late Antiquity
No full textThis chapter offers a survey of the views on concepts held by Greek philosophers from ca. 250 CE to 550 CE. The first section explores how late antique accounts of ordinary concepts are based on the Stoic view of common notions (koinai ennoiai) and how, for Neoplatonists, common notions are connected with Platonist recollection. The second section focuses on abstract concepts and universals. It is argued that Porphyry conceives of abstraction and universals along Peripatetic lines. Porphyry, however, supplements abstraction with Platonic innatism: the relation between abstractionism and innatism is problematic both for Porphyry and for later authors such as Hermias of Alexandria. The third section explores Plotinus’s view of innate concepts and recollection. These issues raise the question of how experience and innatism interact in Plotinus’s account of concept acquisition. The fourth section explores late Neoplatonist views of innate concepts as psychic forms, or logoi
The Crisis of Anschaulichkeit and Cassirer’s Interpretation of Schrödinger’s Wave Mechanics
No full textIn this paper we discuss Cassirer’s interpretation of Schrödinger’s wave mechanics within the broader context of his account of the “crisis of intuition”. According to Cassirer, quantum mechanics chal-lenged the extent to which the conceptual apparatus of physics could still be grounded in, or made ad-equate to, the Kantian forms of human intuition. After having introduced his account of the structure of physical theories – based on the distinction between statements of measurement, statements of laws and statements of principles and causal statements – we explain why he regarded Schrödinger’s wave mechanics as an attempt to eliminate certain ad hoc assumptions of the theory and to derive the quantum rules from the formal structure of quantum mechanics
Accesso alla rete Internet e tutela dei diritti fondamentali delle persone detenute: una "connessione lenta".
No full textIl contributo analizza l’ingresso delle tecnologie digitali nel sistema penitenziario italiano,
evidenziandone lo sviluppo disomogeneo e le persistenti fragilità normative. A fronte della
centralità che Internet riveste per l’esercizio di diritti fondamentali – quali informazione,
istruzione, comunicazione e difesa – l’ordinamento penitenziario continua ad offrire un
quadro regolatorio lacunoso, delegando alle circolari amministrative il compito di disciplinare
l’accesso alla rete attraverso modelli altamente restrittivi e selettivi. Nonostante l’emergenza
pandemica abbia rappresentato un momento di accelerazione, favorendo la diffusione di
strumenti di comunicazione digitale e di didattica a distanza, l’assenza di una disciplina
organica e l’incapacità del legislatore di recepire tali innovazioni hanno finito per produrre
soluzioni frammentarie e territorialmente disomogenee. La transizione verso un modello
penitenziario “digitalmente inclusivo” impone, pertanto, un intervento sistemico, volto a
garantire un accesso controllato e sicuro alla rete, in funzione della piena attuazione della
finalità rieducativa della pena e del rispetto dei diritti fondamentali
IXPE and VLT /FORS2 polarimetry challenge the Seyfert-1.9 classification of MCG-05-23-16
No full textGravity model of timber trade from Latin America
No full textThis study investigates the determinants of timber trade from 21 Latin American countries to global markets over the period 1996-2023 using a gravity model framework. We focus in particular on roundwood, that is the dominant primary forest product in international trade, and we address the high prevalence of zero trade flows by estimating a Negative Binomial hurdle gravity model in a Bayesian setting, with posterior inference obtained via the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. Our study contributes to the literature by proposing a novel statistical methodology for gravity models and by providing insights into Latin America's bidirectional timber trade. The results show that importer countries’ economic size significantly increases both the probability and the volume of roundwood trade, while exporter-side production capacity and forest endowments are key drivers of export intensity. Managed forestry plays an important role: a higher share of planted forests is positively associated with export volumes, suggesting scope for trade expansion without increasing pressure on natural forests. Climate-related natural disasters in importing countries increase the probability of trade, indicating growing demand for timber following extreme events. Institutional quality consistently enhances trade on both the extensive and intensive margins, while currency appreciation in exporter countries reduces competitiveness and trade flows. Finally, participation in selected trade agreements, particularly APEC, ITTA, and MERCOSUR, positively affects trade outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of sustainable forest management, institutional quality, macroeconomic stability, and context-specific trade agreements in strengthening Latin America’s position in global timber markets, while mitigating deforestation risks and increasing resilience to climate-related shocks
Two-loop BSM contributions to Higgs pair production in the aligned THDM
No full textWe study the impact of the two-loop corrections controlled by the BSM Higgs
couplings on the cross section for the production of a pair of SM-like Higgs bosons via
gluon fusion in the aligned THDM. To this aim, we reassess the two-loop calculation of
λhhh , we compute for the first time the two-loop corrections to λhhH , and we include the relevant corrections to the Higgs-gluon couplings and to the s-channel propagators entering the gg → hh amplitude. We discuss the numerical impact of the two-loop BSM contributions, first on the individual couplings and then on the prediction for the pair-production cross section, in two benchmark scenarios for the aligned THDM
Il disprezzo in Italia
No full textAnalisi del film di Godard 'Il disprezzo' e considerazioni sulla sua recezione in Italia
Nuovi Desaparecidos del Mediterraneo. Una lettura interdisciplinare
No full textl volume Nuovi Desaparecidos del Mediterraneo offre una lettura interdisciplinare delle sparizioni contemporanee lungo le frontiere marittime europee, interpretandole non come fatalità ma come effetto strutturale di dispositivi politici, economici e giuridici che producono morte, vulnerabilità e invisibilità. Attraverso contributi provenienti da letteratura, pedagogia critica, studi decoloniali, scienze sociali, diritto, arti e testimonianze, il libro indaga le intersezioni tra necropolitica, politiche migratorie, razzializzazione e memoria pubblica. Il Mediterraneo emerge come necro-spazio, teatro di respingimenti, omissioni di soccorso e pratiche di esternalizzazione che generano “nuovi desaparecidos”, figure sospese tra vita e morte, sottratte all’ iscrizione simbolica e alla giustiziabilità. Il volume presenta l’Osservatorio sui Nuovi Desaparecidos del Mediterraneo, che documenta sistematicamente violazioni dei diritti umani, e raccoglie analisi sulle frontiere terrestri e marittime, sulla segregazione educativa, sullo sfruttamento lavorativo, sui crimini contro l’umanità implicati nelle politiche di controllo. Parallelamente, esplora la potenza delle pratiche memoriali e artistiche come forme di resistenza, nonché il ruolo dell’educazione nel disinnescare la pedagogia pubblica dell’indifferenza. La prospettiva comparativa con la desaparición argentina mostra continuità e differenze nei dispositivi di cancellazione delle vite. Il volume invita a una responsabilità condivisa: costruire contro-archivi, pratiche di cura e nuove geografie della speranza, affinché nessuna vita resti senza nome, senza verità e senza memoria
A Comparative Analysis of Open-Source Conversational Chatbots in Resource-Constrained Environments
No full textIn this paper, we explore and compare the performance of three conversational chatbots based on large language models, focusing on solutions that are entirely open-source and accessible. The models were tested under realistic computational constraints using Google Colab’s free environment. The evaluation covered two tasks: closed-domain question answering (based solely on internal model knowledge) and standard question answering (with external context provided). Both technical performance and user feedback were considered. The technical assessment included over 250 questions, measuring accuracy, speed, informativeness, and language quality. A user survey involving some participants supplemented these findings