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The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3)
No full textThe GWTC-3 catalog is a cumulative catalog of the mergers detected during the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration.
The catalog contains 90 detected mergers and has been used for several astrophysical applications.
The present papers is a short review of the GWTC-3 catalog and its implications
Combating the Counterfeit: A Review on Hardware-Based Anticounterfeiting Technologies
No full textCounterfeiting poses a significant threat to global commerce, causing economic damage and jeopardizing consumer safety. This report addresses the critical need for advanced anti-counterfeiting measures. While often confused, authentication verifies an item’s genuineness, whereas anticounterfeiting is a broader strategy that includes authentication to deter counterfeit production. This report explores such technologies, which are primarily based on tangible objects and can be used as an anticounterfeiting measure. Such technologies, referred subsequently as “hardware-based anticounterfeiting techniques”, provides a critical line of defence in the fight against imitation of goods. This review covers diverse methods: electronic, mechanical, chemical, and marking techniques. The report emphasizes that no single technique is sufficient, advocating for a multi-layered approach. By combining these hardware solutions with complementary measures like supply chain monitoring, we can create a more resilient defense against counterfeiting
Fostering Teachers’ Work Engagement: The Role of Emotional Self-Efficacy Toward One’s Own Emotions, Professional Self-Efficacy, and Job Resources
No full textThe present cross-sectional study explored the synergic role of self-report measures of emotional self-efficacy toward one’s own emotions (i.e., the extent to which individuals perceive themselves as confident and effective in managing their emotions), professional self-efficacy, and job resources on work engagement among 589 in-service teachers coming from public kindergartens, elementary schools, and middle schools. A hierarchical linear regression approach including a three-way interaction analysis revealed that (a) the two forms of teachers’ self-efficacy were uniquely and positively associated with work engagement, and (b) emotional self-efficacy toward one’s own emotions was positively associated with work engagement, especially at low (vs. high) levels of both professional self-efficacy and job resources. The results were discussed framing the job demands–resources model and stressing the importance of taking care of both personal and professional teachers’ self-efficacy, especially when the school environment lacks job resources
Learning and actioning general principles of cancer cell drug sensitivity
No full textHigh-throughput screening of drug sensitivity of cancer cell lines (CCLs) holds the potential to unlock anti-tumor therapies. In this study, we leverage such datasets to predict drug response using cell line transcriptomics, focusing on models’ interpretability and deployment on patients’ data. We use large language models (LLMs) to match drug to mechanisms of action (MOA)-related pathways. Genes crucial for prediction are enriched in drug-MOAs, suggesting that our models learn the molecular determinants of response. Furthermore, by using only LLM-curated, MOA-genes, we enhance the predictive accuracy of our models. To enhance translatability, we align RNAseq data from CCLs, used for training, to those from patient samples, used for inference. We validated our approach on TCGA samples, where patients’ best scoring drugs match those prescribed for their cancer type. We further predict and experimentally validate effective drugs for the patients of two highly lethal solid tumors, i.e., pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma
Design and Additive Manufacturing of a Lattice-Based, Ultra-Light Forearm Prosthesis
No full textThe development of next-generation upper limb prostheses demands a patient-centered approach that prioritizes comfort, functionality, and anatomical integration. This study presents the design, numerical simulation, and additive manufacturing of a lattice-based, ultra-light forearm prosthetic socket, developed within the Calliope project, a collaboration between Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, the University of Pisa, and the University of Trento. The prosthesis integrates field-driven design (FDD) and finite element method (FEM) simulations to optimize structural performance while ensuring patient-specific adaptability.
A biomechanically informed lattice structure was designed to minimize weight while maintaining mechanical strength, improving ventilation, and enhancing patient comfort. An elasto-plastic homogenization-based approach was employed to characterize the effective mechanical properties of the printed lattice. The socket geometry was customized using 3D scanning of the patient’s residual limb, enabling a highly tailored fit. The final prototype was fabricated using Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) technology with PA12, ensuring durability and manufacturability.
Preliminary evaluations indicate that the developed prosthesis significantly improves comfort, aeration, and weight distribution, addressing key limitations of conventional sockets. This study demonstrates the potential of additive manufacturing in personalized medical device design, paving the way for next-generation prosthetic solutions
Minimally Invasive versus Open Pancreatoduodenectomy for Resectable Neoplasms
No full textBackgroundMinimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) might accelerate postoperative recovery in patients with primary resectable neoplasm compared with open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD), although the safety of MIPD remains debated. We aimed to assess whether MIPD is noninferior to OPD for overall complications and superior for time to functional recovery (TTFR). MethodsWe conducted an international, multicenter, patient-blinded randomized noninferiority trial in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for primary resectable pancreatic and periampullary neoplasm from high-volume centers. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to undergo robot-assisted or laparoscopic MIPD versus OPD and were blinded to the procedure until postoperative day 5. The primary end point was overall complications within 90 days of surgery, as measured using the Comprehensive Complication Index (range 0-100, with higher scores indicating more severe complications). Noninferiority was tested using a margin of -7.5 points (one-sided 97.5% confidence interval [CI]; P<0.025 for noninferiority). The main secondary end point was TTFR, tested for superiority. Analyses were reported by the intention-to-treat principle. ResultsOverall, 288 patients were randomly assigned (190 MIPD [170 robot-assisted, 20 laparoscopic] and 98 OPD) in 14 centers. The mean Comprehensive Complication Index was 33.4 +/- 27.5 in the MIPD group versus 35.3 +/- 25.5 in the OPD group (mean difference, -1.9; 95% CI, -8.5 to 4.7; P=0.002 for nonferiority). In the MIPD group, the median TTFR was 7 days (95% CI, 6 to 8) versus 8 days (95% CI, 7 to 11) in the OPD group. The MIPD conversion rate to open surgery was 8.4%. Rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula were 22.6% versus 35.7% (relative risk 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.91) and were 12.6% versus 22.7% (relative risk 0.57; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.98) for surgical site infection after MIPD and OPD, respectively. Death by 90 days occurred in 4.7% of patients after MIPD versus 2.0% after OPD (relative risk 2.40; 95% CI, 0.51 to 11.30). ConclusionsIn patients with resectable pancreatic and periampullary neoplasm, MIPD was noninferior to OPD for 90-day overall complications (Funded by Intuitive Surgical and Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero; International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Registry, ISRCTN27483786.
Diritto comune e giuristi nella Prattica manuale di Pietro Morati. Prime note
No full textIl saggio è dedicato ad una prima indagine sulla Prattica Manuale di Pietro Morati, una delle più diffuse opere dell'esperienza giuridica còrsa d'inizio Settecento. Attraverso l'esame della trattazione delle fonti normative e del ruolo della scientia iuris lì contenuta, esce un quadro nitido di quell'esperienza e la conferma dell'autore come figura non secondaria nella cultura giuridica dell'Isola; il quale dà prova di conoscere le problematiche più pressanti del tardo diritto comune, suggerendone talvolta possibili soluzioniThe essay is dedicated to an initial investigation about Pietro Morati's Prattica Manuale, one of the most popular works of Corsican legal experience in the early 18th century. Through the examination of the treatment of the normative sources and the role of scientia iuris contained therein, a clear picture of that experience emerges and also the confirmation of the author as a non-secondary figure in the island's legal culture, because he demonstrates his knowledge of the most pressing problems of late ius commune, sometimes suggesting possible solution
Governing artificial intelligence in the defence sector: a comparative analysis of EU and US institutions
No full textThis paper examines how institutional structures, and organizational factors shape artificial intelligence adoption in EU and US defence sectors through a comparative case study methodology. Integrating Fountain's technology enactment framework with Horowitz's adoption-capacity theory, the analysis reveals distinct governance patterns despite comparable technological capabilities. The EU demonstrates fragmented institutional absorption characterized by strategic choices that reinforce member state autonomy, while the US exhibits competitive institutional appropriation through a capability-first approach with concentrated investment. These divergent implementation pathways reflect deeply embedded institutional logics, rather than technological imperatives. Significant financial intensity disparities between these governance models create technological dependencies that emerging strategic initiatives like the European Defence White Paper - Readiness 2030 seek to address. This dependency relationship poses profound implications for European strategic autonomy in critical defence technologies like AI. However, organizational capital development, beyond mere funding, emerges as the critical determinant of effective AI implementation. These institutional divergences significantly impact defence cooperation prospects, suggesting that successful collaboration requires attention to both technical and institutional compatibility, while mitigating dependency risks. The research contributes to understanding how governance structures mediate technological adoption in security-sensitive domains with implications for strategic autonomy