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La storia della scuola e delle istituzioni educative nell'Italia meridionale e insulare: un bilancio storiografico dalla seconda metà del Novecento ad oggi tra protagonisti, itinerari ed esperienze
No full textThis contribution aims to critically examine – without claiming to be exhaustive – over fifty years of school and educational historiography produced on and in Southern Italy. The analysis considers the main epistemological, methodological, and the
matic changes that have marked the evolution of the discipline, with particular attention
to the overcoming of the neo-idealist paradigm, which for a long time confined the history of pedagogy to the history of ideas and the history of schooling to a marginal role in the sciences of education. It also highlights the places, tools, and paths that have fostered the emergence of new research perspectives, contributing to the enhancement of the history of schooling as a a complex field, sensitive to the territorial, social, and cultural contexts of southern Italy
Linking agricultural practices to soil functioning: insights from physicochemical and biological indicators.
No full textSustainable agriculture strongly depends on plant - soil - microorganisms interactions to regulate nutrient cycling, enhance stress resilience and maintain biodiversity. Recent researches underscore the strategic role of microbe-rich soil zones, as rhizosphere and rhizosheath, which act as dynamic interfaces supporting nutrient turn-over and plant growth. In parallel, the adoption of pollinator‐friendly plant mixes (PM) has emerged as a complementary strategy to boost above-ground biodiversity and strengthen landscape connectivity.
This two-year study aims to investigate how different soil management practices and plant types affect biological (enzymatic activities, 16S rRNA profiling) and physico-chemical properties in microbe-rich soil zones. Two field experiments were planned: 1) wheat cultivation under organic amendment and mineral fertilization (NPK) regimes and 2) two different PM, compatible with EU CAP ecoschemes, sown on untreated soil. For both experiments, control plot consisted of native spontaneous species without amendament/fertilization.
Preliminary results from the first year revealed that: 1) soil management did not affect the investigated properties, although, soil treated with organic amendment started to show a different pattern in enzymatic activities respect to the other soil treatments; 2) PM significantly affected the microbial community metabolic activity and enhanced microbial richness, highlighting the dual ecological role of these plants in supporting both aboveground and belowground biodiversity.
These findings emphasize the pivotal role of diversified plant communities and rhizosphere processes in sustaining soil functionality. Integrating plant–microbe interactions into management practices emerges as a key strategy for developing resilient and ecologically sustainable agroecosystems.
This study was carried out within the Agritech National Research Center and funded from the European Union Next-GenerationEU (PIANO NAZIONALE DI RIPRESA E RESILIENZA (PNRR) – MISSIONE 4 COMPONENTE 2, INVESTIMENTO 1.4 – D.D. 1032 17/06/2022, CN00000022). The content reflects only the authors’ views and opinions, neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be considered responsible for them
Bioorganic chemistry, toxinology, and pharmaceutical uses of Datura plant derivatives
No full textDatura species have been recognized for their potent pharmacological properties, producing a diverse array of tropane and non-tropane alkaloids with significant clinical and toxicological relevance. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the biosynthesis, pharmacology, and therapeutic applications of 43 Datura-derived compounds, with emphasis on both major constituents—such as atropine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine—and minor alkaloids including anisodamine, apoatropine, and datumetine. We classify these alkaloids into four significant categories, drawing on recent advances in plant biochemistry and analytical chemistry. The analysis is based on 204 peer-reviewed scientific publications from the past decade (2015–2025), highlighting both traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and recent pharmacological advances. The review details their enzymatic pathways, mechanisms of action at muscarinic and other receptor systems, pharmacokinetics, and dose-dependent toxicological profiles. Particular attention is given to lesser-studied derivatives with emerging therapeutic potential, as well as their role in metabolic engineering, drug discovery, and forensic analysis. Notably, datum tine is highlighted for its unique NMDA receptor modulatory effects and neurotoxic potential, while tropine and hygrine serve as critical biosynthetic intermediates and analytical markers. By integrating biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological insights, this work provides a comprehensive framework for future exploration of Datura alkaloids as both therapeutic agents and research tools
A global approximation method for second-kind nonlinear integral equations
Get PDFA global approximation method of Nyström type is explored for the numerical solution of a class of nonlinear integral equations of the second kind. The cases of smooth and weakly singular kernels are both considered. In the first occurrence, the method uses a Gauss Legendre rule whereas in the second one resorts to a product rule based on Legendre nodes. Stability and convergence are proved in functional spaces equipped with the uniform norm and several numerical tests are given to show the good performance of the proposed method. An application to the interior Neumann problem for the Laplace equation with nonlinear boundary conditions is also considered
Non-Destructive Early Detection of Drosophila Suzukii Infestation in Sweet Cherries (c.v. Sweet Heart) Based on Innovative Management of Spectrophotometric Multilinear Correlation Models
No full textDrosophila suzukii (Matsumura), also known as spotted wing drosophila (SWD),
is invasive, with a preference for infesting commercially viable soft berries, particularly
cherries. SWD infestations in sweet cherries are difficult to detect and remove in the
field, packing houses, and processing lines, causing significant economic losses and reducing yields significantly, necessitating early detection of insect infestation in fruits during
primary decaying stages. Few publications have addressed the use of non-destructive
techniques for the detection of insect infestation in cherries. Based on the advantages
and effectiveness of the spectrophotometric techniques, an attempt was made to use the
spectrophotometry to rapidly detect postharvest SWD infestations of intact sweet cherry
fruit, to employ it in sweet cherry fruit selection and grading processes. The main purpose
of this study was to apply spectrophotometry as a rapid and non-destructive method in
detecting and classifying healthy sweet cherry fruit versus that infested with SWD eggs. To
model the data fit/prediction, principal components regression and partial least squares
regression algorithms were considered. The external cross-validation set was initially set
to 20% of the overall available samples and subsequently increased to 50% in the final
selected optimal model. The identified procedure of management of regression algorithms
allowed the selection of a very performant and robust model using the partial least squares
regression algorithm: its false negative rate and false positive rate, after 500 Monte Carlo
runs, were 0.004% +/− 0.003 and 0.02% +/− 0.01, respectively, and, in addition, the 50% of
samples were used for the external cross-validation set
3D MHD modelling of plasmoid drift following massive material injection in a tokamak
No full textMechanisms of plasmoid drift following massive material injection are studied via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with the JOREK code, using a transient neutral source deposited at the low field side midplane of a JET H-mode plasma to clarify basic processes and compare with existing theories. The simulations confirm the important role of the propagation of shear Alfvén wave (SAW) packets from both ends of the plasmoid ('SAW braking') and the development of external resistive currents along magnetic field lines ('Pégourié braking') in limiting charge separation and thus the E×B plasmoid drift, where E and B are the electric and magnetic fields, respectively. The drift velocity is found to be limited by the SAW braking on the few microseconds timescale for cases with relatively small source amplitude while the Pégourié braking acting on a longer timescale is shown to set in earlier with larger toroidal extent of the source, both in good agreement with existing theories. The simulations also identify the key role of the size of the E×B flow region on plasmoid drift and show that the saturated velocity caused by dominant SAW braking agrees well with theory when considering an effective pressure within the E×B flow region. The existence of SAWs in the simulations is demonstrated and the 3D picture of plasmoid drift is discussed
Establishment of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings is affected by application of frass from Hermetia illucens
No full textClimate change poses a threat to the establishment of winter cereals due to warmer temperatures and reduced precipitation in fall and winter. This can hinder germination by lowering soil water content or lead to faster initial growth that depletes residual water, causing subsequent water stress. Insect frass application has been proposed as a soil amendment with various effects on plant growth. This study tested the hypothesis that larval frass from Hermetia illucens, influenced by different diets and thermal treatments, affects barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Laureate establishment at 21 °C. A pot experiment compared a control silty loam soil with treatments amended by frass based on three factors: diet (Gainesville or whey-seed), thermal treatment (untreated or 70 °C for 1 h), and frass dose (5, 12, 19, 26 g/pot). Measurements included shoot biometry, chlorophyll content, root morphology, root/shoot ratios, and water use efficiency. Seedling establishment varied across treatments, with the Gainesville diet enhancing shoot and root growth more effectively. High frass doses negatively impacted growth. Specifically, total dry matter content decreased by 50% with 26 g of Gainesville diet frass compared to 5 g, and by 75% with whey-seed diet frass at the same doses. These results suggest that frass application may limit establishment at high temperatures and indicate that both chemical and physical properties of frass should be further investigated for their effects on plant growth
Vertical Interoperability in Mobile Ecosystems: Will the DMA Deliver (What Competition Law Could Not)?
Get PDFEthos e teoria delle arti in Vincenzo Cuoco
No full textIl saggio, indagando un tema non studiato dalla ricca bibliografia critica sull’opera di Vincenzo Cuoco, si concentra sulle riflessioni e sulle impressioni sviluppate dal molisano intorno all’arte e al bello ideale. Negli scritti giornalistici, così come nel Platone in Italia, sono diverse le considerazioni che Cuoco svolge intorno ai temi estetici, studiati in relazione al mondo antico o in occasione delle mostre e delle esposizioni milanesi in età napoleonica, in quanto i dipinti e le sculture suscitavano in lui una profonda impressione, così che poteva annotare: «quando si tratta di belle arti, io non posso trattenermi dallo scrivere. Dopo aver osservato un quadro, una statua, io chiedo conto a me stesso dell’impressione che ha prodotta in me; e scrivo...tutto ciò che mi viene in mente». Da qui la sua riflessione intorno al bello ideale, che si mostra in particolare attraverso i volti, le fisionomie, i costumi, espressioni di un atteggiamento teso a mettere in risalto il decoro e l’armonia delle singole figure raffigurate, coniugando ethos e pathos