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Extraction optimization of Citrus medica L. whole fruit: phytochemical profile, pectin recovery and antioxidant activity in Caco-2 cells
No full textEffectiveness of most common adjuvant wound treatments (skin substitutes, negative pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, platelet-rich plasma/fibrin, and growth factors) for the management of hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for the development of the Italian Guidelines for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Syndrome
No full textAim: To assess the effects of several adjuvant therapies (AT) commonly used in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). The present meta-analysis was designed to support the development of the Italian Guidelines for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Syndrome. Methods: A Medline and Embase search were performed up to May 20th, 2024 collecting all RCTs including diabetic patients or reporting subgroup analyses on diabetic patients with DFU comparing AT with placebo/standard of care (SoC), with a duration of at least 12 weeks. Prespecified endpoints were: ulcer healing (principal), time-to-healing, major and minor amputation, serious adverse events (SAE), and all-cause mortality. AT assessed were: growth factors (GF), Platelet-rich plasma and fibrin (PRP/F), skin substitutes (SS), negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Mantel-Haenzel Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (MH-OR, 95% CIs) were either calculated or extracted directly from the publications. Weighted mean differences and 95% CIs were calculated for continuous variables. Results: Fifty-one studies fulfilled all inclusion criteria (3, 5, 27, 8, and 8 with GF, PRP/F, SS, NPWT, and HBOT, respectively). Participants treated with any of the explored AT had a significantly higher ulcer healing rate (MH-OR ranging from 2.17 to 4.18) and shorter time-to-healing in comparison with SoC/placebo. Only PRP/F and HBOT showed a significantly lower risk of major amputation (MH-OR: 0.32(0.11;0,93; p = 0.04 and 0.28(0.10;0,79; p = 0.02, respectively), despite a higher risk of SAE. No other significant effects on the above-reported prespecified endpoints were observed. For the primary endpoint, the quality of evidence was rated as “high” for all the AT, except for NPWT (“moderate”). Conclusions: In conclusion, AT can actively promote wound healing and shorten time-to-healing in patients with DFU. HBOT and PRP/F also showed a reduction of the risk of major amputation, despite a higher rate of SAE
Pharmacodynamic effects of cangrelor in patients with acute or chronic coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the POMPEII Registry
No full textBACKGROUND: Cangrelor is approved for oral P2Y12 inhibitor-naïve patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Pharmacodynamic (PD) investigations in various clinical settings, with various assays, have shown contrasting data in terms of the extent of platelet inhibition and rates of high residual platelet reactivity (HRPR). AIMS: We aimed to assess the PD effects of cangrelor in all patients receiving it during PCI. METHODS: PharmacOdynaMic Effects of Cangrelor in PatiEnts wIth Acute or chronIc Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (POMPEII Registry; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04790032) is an investigator-initiated, prospective study assessing PD effects at 4 timepoints with 3 assays. Clinical outcomes at 30 days were also assessed. RESULTS: From March 2021 to June 2024, 150 patients undergoing PCI and receiving cangrelor were enrolled (64 patients underwent elective PCI; 30 had non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome; and 56 had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI], of whom 24 were pretreated with ticagrelor). Most patients switched from cangrelor to either clopidogrel or ticagrelor. Inhibition of platelet aggregation was moderate during cangrelor infusion (light transmittance aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate 20 μM: 57.6±16.5%), with rates of 3.2% for HRPR and 1.3% for bailout tirofiban. Rates of HRPR were relevant at 3 h (37.9%) and 4-6 h (15.3%), and HRPR occurred significantly more frequently in patients switching to clopidogrel compared with ticagrelor. Rates of ischaemic and bleeding events were low. CONCLUSIONS: Cangrelor provided effective platelet inhibition in most patients with ACS or CCS undergoing PCI, including those with STEMI who were pretreated with ticagrelor. Switching from cangrelor to an oral P2Y12 inhibitor, mainly clopidogrel, exposed a large number of patients to a variable period of on-treatment HRPR
CFAR Analysis of Adaptive Detection Schemes for Multistatic/Polarimetric Radar Systems
No full textThis paper discusses the design of adaptive detectors for point-like targets in a sea-clutter environment, using a radar system with one monostatic node and two co-located, crosspolarized bistatic sensors. The detector design considers spatial variation in sea-clutter backscattering and potential relationships between covariance matrices for the bistatic polarimetric channels. Therefore, appropriate estimates of the nuisance parameters for both monostatic and bistatic measurements are utilized to formulate adaptive decision rules based on the two-step Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) criterion. The performance of these receivers is evaluated using data from the NetRAD system analyzing their Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) behavior. Results show that, for all the synthesized receivers, the false alarm probability remains nearly constant with respect to the nuisance parameters, thereby confirming their ability to achieve the CFAR property
La necropoli peuceta (fine VII – inizio del VI sec. a.C.) di loc. Sant’Antonio Abate (Ferrandina, MT): i risultati preliminari delle campagne di scavo 2019-22
No full textPatrimonio Architettonico e Sistemi Tradizionali di Gestione della Risorsa Idrica: Il Caso Studio della Masseria del Cristo a Matera. Digitalizzazione e Analisi
No full textDigital 3D survey and modelling technologies allow to acquire easily and quickly high-quality infor
mation, which together with traditional research techniques help to provide a very precise picture of Architectural
Heritage and to catalogue its typologies, techniques and construction materials. The use of remote and ‘non-inva
sive’ detection techniques can be applied for the protection of the Architectural Heritage at risk of disappearing and
especially for inaccessible sites. The rural landscape of Matera preserves precious abandoned artifacts that are in
critical conservation status. One of these is the historical farmhouse known as Masseria del Cristo, which today is
in a state of ruin, is an effective test bench for the proposed methodology. The study made it possible to understand
the evolutionary phases of the case study through careful literature and archival searches on the topic. The case
study was carried out with a UAV digital survey to elaborate a 3D digital model through Structure From Motion
(SFM) processes, which formed the basis for an analysis of traditional materials and construction technologies. All
the information acquired through the methodological steps has been merged into the model, in order to quickly and
easily disseminate the acquired information through an existing web platform
Opening Letter of RILEM TC CSA: Calcium sulfoaluminate-based cement and concrete – Critical review and open questions
No full textCalcium sulfoaluminate (CSA)-based cements represent a promising alternative to traditional Portland cement, offering benefits such as rapid strength development, low shrinkage, and reduced carbon footprint. Despite their commercial availability and proven performance, the adoption of CSA cements remains hindered by gaps in standardization and understanding. This RILEM Technical Committee (TC) CSA aims to review current knowledge, identify research needs, and address challenges related to clinkering, hydration mechanisms, durability, applications, nomenclature, standardization, and testing of CSA-based cements. The outcomes will further the understanding of manufacturing, technical performance, use, and specification of CSA-based cements, ultimately leading to broader acceptance in concrete construction
Scientific response to the 2021–2022 seismic swarm in the Monts Dore volcanic province (France): dynamic insights from temporal surveys (2/2)
No full textDuring years 2021–2022, an unusual seismic swarm was recorded at crustal level beneath the Monts Dore volcanic province (France). Complementary field and remote measurements were performed. Together with the time series recorded on the seismological and GNSS national networks, these measurements were fundamental for monitoring the evolution of the seismic swarm and deciphering its origin. Although a potential vertical migration of the seismic events is suggested, the complementary measurements presumably discard the hypothesis of magma intrusion at shallow crustal level. The ascent of a CO2-rich fluid originating from the mantle might instead have reacted with the hydrothermal system beneath the Monts-Dore since at least the summer 2021 leading to the reactivation of pre-existing tectonic structures with known associated seismicity. Feedback on the management of the 2021–2022 seismic swarm prompts for several recommendations that should be considered in future to better face and address at the national level the issues raised at long-dormant volcanic provinces in mainland France
Optimizing Drip Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization for Sustainable Wheat Production in Arid Soils: Water–Nitrogen Use Efficiency
No full textWater scarcity and inefficient nitrogen (N) use are major constraints on wheat production in arid regions. Drip irrigation offers a precise method for optimizing water and nutrient delivery, but integrated management strategies are needed to maximize yield and resource use efficiency. In Egypt, water shortages and inadequate fertilizer necessitate effective resource management for sustainable agriculture and crop productivity. This study investigates the effects of integrated water and nitrogen fertilizer management under drip irrigation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) performance in arid zones of Egypt. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate wheat yield, productivity of applied water (PAW), crop water productivity (CWP), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under varying irrigation regimes and nitrogen application rates. This study evaluated two irrigation regimes: 100% (I1) and 80% (I2) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) in combination with three nitrogen application rates: 142.8 kg N ha−1 (N1), 190.4 kg N ha−1 (N2), and 238 kg N ha−1 (N3). Irrigation at 100% of ETc (I1) significantly enhanced plant height, straw yield, biological output, grain yield, seed index, NUE, and CWP in comparison with the 80% ETc treatment (I2). However, I2 demonstrated a higher PAW and grain protein content than I1. Furthermore, applying nitrogen at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 (N3) resulted in notable improvements in these parameters relative to the lower rate of 142.8 kg N ha−1 (N1). I1N3 and I1N2 treatments increased CWP by 29% and 22%, respectively, compared to I1N1 across both growing seasons. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the application of 238 kg N ha−1 (N3) may represent the most effective nitrogen management strategy for optimizing winter wheat production under drip irrigation systems. Moreover, PCA suggested that combining deficit irrigation with a high nitrogen application rate (I2N3) enhances the productivity of applied water (PAW) and grain quality. In contrast, full irrigation with the lowest nitrogen rate (I1N1) appeared to be the most effective strategy for maximizing NUE. These findings highlight the potential of integrated strategies to sustainably boost wheat yields in environments suffering from water shortage