24663 research outputs found
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La vita che nasce, a proposito di gestazione per altri e vincoli di solidarietà: il duttile senso di umanità
No full textRiflessioni filosofico-giuridiche su diritto e conflitto
No full textBreve riflessione sul legame tra il modo di pensare il diritto ed il modo di pensare la guerra, per cui se il diritto è solo una tecnica, non potrà non registrare i tristi equilibri della dialettica tra guerra e pace, mentre se lo riconduce 'proportio' nelle relazioni interumane quale sua matrice d'ordine, potrà svolgere una essenziale funzione di strumento di pace nelle vicende umane
Beneficial effects of selected food-associated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on social behaviors, intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in a genetic mouse model of autism spectrum disorders
No full textSeveral studies demonstrated that neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), are significantly related to the composition of the gut microbiota whose alterations can influence gastrointestinal (gut dysbiosis and impaired intestinal permeability) and neurobehavioral symptoms. The use of probiotics is emerging as promising alternative approach to ameliorate ASD-associated dysfunctions. This study evaluated whether the administration of probiotic candidate, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP), previously characterized for anti-inflammatory activity, could positively modulate the intestinal microbiota and alleviating ASD-associated intestinal and social impairment in a genetic ASD mouse model. The Neuroligin3 (NLGN3) R451C knock-in (KI) mouse model, showing alterations in the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal dysfunction, was employed as ASD model. Wildtype (WT) and KI mice were fed with selected LP strains (109 CFU/mouse/day) for 5-weeks. Following behavioral testing, mice were sacrificed, and gut and fecal samples were collected. The V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were targeted for taxonomic profiling of the microbial communities by NGS. Intestinal permeability was assessed by determining the mRNA levels of genes encoding tight junctions’ proteins. Results showed a significant impact of LP on improving social behaviors, restoring intestinal permeability and shaping gut microbiota in KI-LP mice. NGS analysis revealed significant differences in alpha and beta diversity comparing LP-groups leading to a normalized taxa distribution, with decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in LP-KI mice linked to a relative major increase of some gut-beneficial taxa. LP intake also played a key role in KI mice fostering Akkermansia muciniphila. This study might open new frontiers for the development of dietary therapies for mitigating ASD symptoms; the ultimate translational goal is to develop functional food enriched with specific mixtures of LP strains as targeted and personalized dietary intervention, providing an alternative biotherapeutic strategy in ASD
Promoting Sustainable and Safe Mobility: Psychometric Validation of the MORDE Scale for Measuring Moral Disengagement in Driving Contexts
No full textBackground: Road traffic accidents continue to be a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Psychological and behavioural factors play a crucial role in traffic safety and are not yet fully understood. Among these, the relationship between individuals and road rules plays a key role in driving behaviour and risk perception. We introduce and validate the MORDE (Moral Disengagement in Road Driving Evaluation) scale, a novel instrument designed to assess the specific cognitive mechanisms through which drivers morally justify risky or rule-violating behaviours. Methods: The scale was developed and validated through a three-step process involving 1336 licensed drivers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test its factorial structure, and internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Convergent and predictive validity were assessed using self-reported measures of traffic violations and road safety attitudes. Results: The final 14-item version of the MORDE scale shows a robust two-factor structure: (1) Normative Justification of Transgressive Driving and (2) Attribution of Blame and Displacement of Responsibility. The instrument demonstrates strong internal reliability and significant predictive power for driving behaviours and road safety attitudes, beyond what is explained by general moral disengagement. The MORDE scale thus shows good psychometric properties and incremental validity. Conclusions: By identifying psychological risk factors that contribute to unsafe and unsustainable driving, the MORDE scale provides a validated tool that can support educational interventions, traffic safety campaigns, and behaviour change programs. Its use may contribute to the promotion of a safer, more responsible, and environmentally sustainable road culture
Cross-species AI: shifting a convolutional neural network from pigs to lambs to detect pneumonia at slaughter
No full textProtective factors against technostress in secondary school teachers
No full textReliance on innovative learning and teaching methodologies based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is continuously growing in educational institutions. However, using ICTs requires up-to-date knowledge, digital skills, and flexible adaptation to technological changes and challenges. These demands can lead teachers to experience technostress, undermining their ability to cope with emerging technologies and fully exploit their potential. This is particularly true for teachers who lack appropriate emotion regulation strategies and digital proficiency. In the present study, we investigated technostress creators among secondary school teachers, evaluating the predictive role of cognitive emotion regulation and the mediating role of self-efficacy in digital competencies. Notably, adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies were distinguished to clarify their distinct contributions to teachers’ psychological experience of technostress creators. Mediation analyses highlighted a direct effect of maladaptive strategies on the experience of technostress creators, whereas adaptive strategies exerted an indirect effect through self-efficacy in digital competencies. Maladaptive emotion regulation was positively associated with higher levels of technostress creators, whereas adaptive emotion regulation was positively associated with self-efficacy in digital competencies. Self-efficacy in digital competencies, in turn, was negatively associated with the experience of technostress creators. These findings provide evidence for implementing not only emotion regulation-based but also digital self-efficacy-based interventions to mitigate teachers’ technostress
EFFECTS OF PRENATAL CANNABINOIDS EXPOSURE: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM IN A NEURODEVELOPMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
No full textOvercoming Challenges in Electrochemical Sensing: Toward Continuous Monitoring
No full textThe advancement of decentralized and real-time monitoring necessitates robust electrochemical sensors that can operate continuously in complex environments. However, transitioning these sensors from laboratory prototypes to reliable field devices remains challenging due to issues like signal drift, fouling, integration constraints, and insufficient selectivity under real-world conditions. This review explores emerging strategies designed to overcome the core challenges limiting the performance and longevity of electrochemical sensors in continuous monitoring scenarios. We first examine advanced materials and surface modification techniques, including permselective membranes, biorecognition elements, including molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), nanostructures, and ratiometric sensing, that enhance selectivity and minimize interference. Antifouling coatings, self-healing electrodes, and dynamic polymer systems are discussed as key developments to counteract degradation and improve structural durability. Machine learning and chemometric approaches are presented as powerful tools for signal deconvolution, drift compensation, and adaptive calibration, with a particular focus on their integration into sensing workflows. Finally, we address system-level challenges related to sample handling, highlighting innovations in microfluidics, passive and active sampling, and hybrid platforms incorporating biosensing and separation modules. Together, these multidisciplinary strategies form a roadmap to support the translation of electrochemical sensors into reliable tools for continuous, autonomous monitoring across environmental, biomedical, and industrial applications
