University of Teramo

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    24663 research outputs found

    Punteggiatura automatica della polmonite del suino: dalla teoria alla pratica

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    Scoring lesions at slaughter is the most efficient tool for estimating the economic impact of enzootic pneumonia. However, systematic lesion assessment is not feasible, as it is too demanding in terms of human resources. In this regard, the use of computer vision techniques offers interesting prospects. Our study reports recent experiences gained in a high-capacity (800 pigs/hour) and technologically advanced slaughterhouse, aiming to fully automate the scoring of lung lesions by enzootic pneumonia. Images (8 per pig) were acquired using fixed cameras and analyzed by an ad hoc trained artificial neural network (YOLOv8). The scores assigned to each pig by the neural network were compared with those given by a skilled operator using the Madec grid. The final test, carried out on a sample of 1,618 pigs, indicates that the performance of the automatic computer vision system is overall satisfactory, despite challenging logistical conditions, due to the size and production capacity of the slaughtering facility. The overall specificity of the automated system was 75.55%, sensitivity exceeded 96% for large lesions (>5 on the Madec grid), while it was much lower for small lesions (54.60% for values 1-2 on the Madec grid). Looking ahead, further improvements in system performance will be pursued by expanding and balancing the dataset. The collection of a growing body of data will allow the development of a suitable statistical method to relate the scoring systems adopted herein

    Da Bobbio a Einstein: perché il pacifismo istituzionale ha bisogno di un'estetica comune

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    La scelta di mettere insieme Einstein e Bobbio nasce dalla constatazione che i due, seppure contraddistinti da un diverso campo d’azione, giungono alla medesima conclusione sulla via percorribile per la ricerca della pace: la necessità di concentrare il potere legislativo e giudiziario in un unico Soggetto di livello internazionale. Dal progetto cosmopolitico, tuttavia, sembrerebbe emerge un non-essere umano disconosciuto nella sua realtà fenomenica e antropologica e un diritto reso funzione dalla forza. D’altronde, gli ingredienti che permettono ad una comunità di esistere insieme sono due: le relazioni tra gli individui che la compongono e l’obbligatorietà al rispetto delle norme che disciplinano l’agire sociale. Analizzando il primo elemento occorre ragionare che nella sostanziale contrapposizione tra l’”Io”, che si autoafferma, e il “sé stesso”, che deve riconoscere gli altri per poi identificarsi come sé stesso, è possibile qualificare l’individuo o come una circolarità chiusa frutto di una visione ego-centrica (intra-soggettiva), o come una circolarità particolare, aperta (inter-soggettiva). Nella seconda struttura il “sé” è definito nella qualifica dell’altro: l’altro non figura soltanto come un’altra persona ma è quello spazio che strutturalmente ha bisogno di relazionarsi con l’altro per definire sé stesso. Questi caratteri sono uguali per ogni essere umano, i quali posseggono questa realtà ontologica mancante senza l’altro; ed allora, il Mit-sein (con-essere) in realtà è un Mit-dasein (con-esser-ci), l’oltrepassamento del concetto di persona al fine di realizzare l’“ex-sistere” Heideggeriano. Ragion per cui, un soggetto di diritto e il diritto stesso non possono essere violenti. Un atto violento disconosce gli altri come esseri umani e il rifiuto degli altri è la negazione di sé stessi. La circolarità chiusa dell’io, pertanto, è esclusione dell’altro, ossia violenza come auto-assoggettamento, mentre la valorizzazione dell’altro è dis-assoggettamento. Ed allora, il fondamento funzionale di una politica internazionale ispirata alla creazione di una comunità unita e in pace impone una responsabilizzazione personale dello Stato nel riconoscimento dell’altro e nella rinuncia di una parte della propria liberà di azione e dell’uso della violenza. Quanto detto dona senso anche all’obbligatorietà perché senza l’adempimento del dovere che permette il riconoscimento dell’altro, non potrebbero concretizzarsi i diritti degli individui. Dunque, nella struttura ontologica dell’essere umano e delle comunità dobbiamo riconoscere una sintesi tra essere e dovere, ovvero il dovere di essere. Ciò posto, l’intervento si prefigge un’analisi critica sulle proposte soluzioni alla composizione dei conflitti per mezzo di una giuridicità volta all’uso della forza ovvero al riconoscimento dell’altro

    Le disposizioni generali

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    Anticipazioni criminali. Coma la fotografia scoprì il fuorilegge mediatico

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    Usi mediatici della fotografia dei brigant

    Fatty‐acid amide hydrolase inhibition mitigates Alzheimer's disease progression in mouse models of amyloidosis

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    The endocannabinoid N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) is a pro-homeostatic bioactive lipid known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties, which may contrast/mitigate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. This study explores the therapeutic potential of targeting fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the major enzyme degrading AEA, in mouse models of amyloidosis (APP/PS1 and Tg2576). Enhancing AEA signaling by genetic deletion of FAAH delayed cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice and improved cognitive symptoms in 12-month-old AD-like mice. Chronic pharmacological FAAH inhibition fully reverted neurocognitive decline, attenuated neuroinflammation, and promoted neuroprotective mechanisms in Tg2576 mice. Additionally, pharmacological FAAH inhibition robustly suppressed β-amyloid production and accumulation, associated with decreased expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), possibly through a cannabinoid receptor 1-dependent epigenetic mechanism. These findings improve our understanding of AEA signaling in AD pathogenesis and provide proof of concept that selective targeting of FAAH activity could be a promising therapeutic strategy against AD

    L'origine accademica condiziona le pratiche di earnings management? Un'analisi sugli spin-off universitari

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    This study investigates the relationship between university spin-offs and earnings management, proposing a conceptual framework to assess the integrity of financial reporting within academic-origin firms. Grounded in institutional and stakeholder theories, the study hypothesizes and tests whether university spin-offs are less likely to engage in earnings management compared to similar firms. The analysis includes a sample of 860 Italian university spin-offs from 2014 to 2022, benchmarked against a control group of 5,535 innovative startups unaffiliated with academia. To ensure comparability, Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is applied, and earnings management is measured using Stubben’s (2010) conditional earnings model. Results indicate that university spin-offs engage in earnings management to a lesser extent than other firms, potentially due to the influence of academic governance, which promotes ethical practices, alongside unique stakeholder pressures. These findings suggest that policymakers and university governance bodies could encourage ethical financial practices in spin-offs, enhancing their reputations while fostering innovation and economic growth. This study contributes to the literature by integrating institutional and stakeholder theories to interpret university spin-offs’ financial behaviors, providing insights into the distinctive financial management practices of these enterprises

    Qualitative Exploration of Ultrastructural Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid on Carp Gills: Mitochondria-Rich Cells as Candidate Biomarkers of Cytotoxicity

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    Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), remains a global toxicological concern due to its ubiquity, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity even at low concentrations. This study aimed to elucidate the ultrastructural effects of PFOA on the gills of Cyprinus carpio, a species of high ecological and trophic relevance. Gill samples from fish experimentally exposed to two PFOA concentrations (200 ng L−1 and 2 mg L−1), one of which was environmentally relevant, were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed cytotoxic changes primarily affecting mitochondria-rich (chloride) cells and, to a lesser extent, epithelial and mucous cells. The main alterations included mitochondrial degeneration, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagic activation, indicating a coordinated impairment of the endomembrane system. These findings suggest that PFOA induces a bioenergetic and proteo-synthetic imbalance compromising cellular homeostasis. Both direct cytotoxic and indirect endocrine-mediated mechanisms may contribute to the observed lesions. The pronounced sensitivity of mitochondria-rich cells supports their use as generalist biomarkers of PFOA exposure and effect. Within a One Health framework, these cells may also serve as translational models for elucidating conserved subcellular mechanisms of PFAS-induced cytotoxicity across vertebrates, with implications for environmental and human health risk assessment

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    Archivio della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Teramo is based in Italy
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