24663 research outputs found
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La esclavización del indígena canario y su diáspora en el Occidente Europeo: circulación, control y agencia en los espacios urbanos de Valencia y Sevilla (1450-1530)
No full textEste artículo examina los procesos de captura, traslado y comercialización de poblaciones originarias de las Islas Canarias entre mediados del siglo XIV y el primer tercio del XVI, abarcando las fases previas a la conquista, la anexión del Archipiélago a la Corona castellana y el periodo inmediatamente posterior. A partir de una revisión crítica de la bibliografía secundaria, se reconstruyen las dinámicas de esclavización y su inserción en los circuitos comerciales atlánticos en configuración, anticipando el desarrollo posterior de la trata atlántica. El análisis se centra en Valencia y Sevilla, nodos esenciales entre el Mediterráneo y el Atlántico, donde se conserva un volumen excepcional de documentación relativa a la presencia y circulación de personas canarias esclavizadas, junto con otras de diversa procedencia.
La investigación aborda los patrones de movilidad forzada, la diáspora y los destinos de estas poblaciones, suprimiendo la tradicional dispersión de datos en estudios locales o temáticos. Asimismo, explora prácticas de resistencia y agencia, lo que permite una comparación entre las normativas y administraciones castellana y aragonesa. El estudio contribuye a comprender la transición entre la esclavitud tardomedieval y los sistemas atlánticos modernos, destacando el papel protoatlántico del Archipiélago y el carácter pluricontinental de su diáspora forzada
Oocyte Age‐Dependent DNA Damage Can Be Reverted by the DNA Repair Competent Karyoplasm of Young Oocytes
No full textMammalian fully grown oocytes are believed to exhibit a weakened DNA damage response, leading to the accumulation of substantial levels of DNA damage and increased frequency of aneuploidies in an age-dependent manner. These hallmarks of reproductive ageing are generally presumed to be irreversible by rendering the oocyte chromosome complement incompatible with development. To test whether this is indeed true, we performed a series of germinal vesicle (GV) transfers between oocytes from females of late breeding/post-breeding age and oocytes from young animals. Our results show that age-associated DNA damage can be effectively suppressed: introducing the GVs of advanced-maternal-age (AMA) oocytes into DNA repair-competent cytoplasts generated by selective enucleation (SE) of young oocytes effectively suppresses the signs of age-dependent DNA damage. This is accompanied by a partial recovery of the chromatin dynamics and, surprisingly, a higher fidelity of chromosome segregation. By dissecting the GV fractions, we show that the ability to sense and repair DNA is linked to the free, non-chromatin-bound nuclear factors but not the oocyte nucleolus. Finally, we show that the overall improved state of the reconstructed oocytes is accompanied by enhanced full-term development. Therefore, contrary to popular belief, our results show that the age-associated decline in oocyte quality can be effectively mitigated, opening new possibilities for cell-based oocyte therapy
Preventing ovarian aging: from redox-targeted strategies to extracellular vesicle-based therapies
No full textOvarian aging is increasingly recognized as a dynamic and modifiable process influenced by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation. This review outlines the mechanisms by which environmental and lifestyle factors, such as smoking, high-fat diets, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), contribute to accelerated ovarian decline and premature reproductive senescence. The distinction between physiological aging and pathological processes such as “inflamm- aging” is discussed, with particular attention to redox imbalance and mitochondrial impairment as key drivers of follicular depletion and endocrine dysfunction. Insights from experimental models of premature ovarian insufficiency and polycystic ovary syndrome are summarized to illustrate the role of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage. Current antioxidant-based strategies aimed at delaying ovarian aging are reviewed, including melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, coenzyme Q10, polyphenols, and vitamins C and E. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a novel, cell-free therapeutic approach. Preclinical evidence suggests that EVs can reduce oxidative stress, support mitochondrial function, and restore ovarian physiology. Overall, the review highlights how redox-targeted and EV-based interventions may offer promising avenues to preserve ovarian function and extend reproductive healthspan
Unveiling Intestinal Emphysema in Pigs: Morphological Insights and Pathogenetic Implications
No full textIntestinal emphysema is a rare pathological condition observed in humans and animals,
characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the intestinal wall. In
pigs, it is occasionally observed at slaughter, without affecting carcass suitability for hu-
man consumption or impairing farm profitability. Despite investigations, the etiology
and pathogenesis of intestinal emphysema remain poorly understood. Therefore, this
study aimed to provide further morphological insights into porcine intestinal emphysema
through histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. A total of
ten slaughtered heavy pigs were examined, showing gross lesions consistent with intestinal
emphysema. Gaseous cysts were predominantly located in the submucosal and mesenteric
layers, at least partially lined by lymphatic endothelial cells. The cysts were separated by
fibrous connective septa and were almost invariably associated with granulomas, consisting
of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. Overall, the immunohistochem-
ical patterns of porcine intestinal emphysema overlap with those described in humans and
support the hypothesis that lesions likely originate within the lymphatic vessels
Cittadinanza digitale, identità digitale, domicilio digitale. Questioni aperte e prospettive di sviluppo
No full textIL VOLONTARIATO NEI GIOCHI OLIMPICI A PARTIRE DA SARAJEVO 1984 E TORINO 2006
No full textIl volontariato, tutto il volontariato, è un fatto profondamente sociale, si rappresenta
ed è figlio dell’era e del luogo dove si svolge. La società – come i sociologi ben sanno – si costituisce per intrecci successivi di relazioni, e su queste relazioni si fondano quelli che vengono definiti modelli di senso o normativi, insomma le cose cui attribuiamo importanza come persone, come attori sociali.
il volontario è stato oggetto di particolare attenzione con una procedura di reclutamento internazionale e attenta qualificazione secondo incarico. Nel processo di
reclutamento e assegnazione ai ruoli per i volontari ai giochi, sono considerati con
attenzione particolare le esperienze lavorative precedenti, cercando di integrare al meglio il personale contrattualizzato con il personale volontario.
I giochi, anche per i volontari restituiscono impagabili dimensioni neo-identitarie a fronte di un qui-e-ora che non si ripete e che per questo costituisce un unicum di spinta verso l'impegno di tempo e risorse personali nell'avvenimento
Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Foods: Risk Perspectives Across Different Regulatory Systems
No full textListeria monocytogenes poses a significant challenge in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods due to
its persistence in processing environments and severe impact on vulnerable populations.
Regulatory approaches differ internationally, reflecting distinct conceptual frameworks
and tolerance thresholds. These differences arise from the adoption of zero-tolerance or
risk-based regulatory models, which define qualitative or quantitative microbiological
limits (absence in 25 g or up to 100 cfu/g) based on a product’s growth potential, and
vary in the extent of environmental monitoring, sampling plans, and verification intensity
across jurisdictions. In 2024, the European Union updated its regulatory framework
governing the microbiological criteria for L. monocytogenes. Previous requirements were
strengthened, responsibility was extended across the supply chain, and a strategic role
was assigned to challenge testing carried out by manufacturers. This review examines
how the European Union and the United States apply risk assessment principles, challenge
testing, predictive modelling, and environmental monitoring to control L. monocytogenes in
RTE foods. By integrating epidemiological trends, regulatory criteria, and experimental
evidence, key differences in safety objectives, validation procedures, and risk management
strategies are highlighted. This review also identifies gaps and opportunities for
harmonisation, providing guidance for improved evidence-based decision-making and
regulatory compliance
The vulnerable side of technology addiction: Pathways linking the Vulnerable Dark Triad to problematic smartphone and social media use
No full textAcross two cross-sectional studies, this research investigated the role of the Vulnerable Dark Triad – Factor II Psychopathy, Vulnerable Narcissism, and Borderline Personality – in Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) (Study 1), and examined whether PSMU functions as a bridge between this personality taxonomy and PSU (Study 2). In Study 1 ( N = 298 participants; Mage = 28.91, SDage = 10.33; 126 females) hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for sociodemographics, HEXACO dimensions, and Dark Tetrad personality traits, revealed that Factor II Psychopathy was the strongest and most consistent predictor of PSU and PSMU. Vulnerable Narcissism related more to PSU while Borderline Personality related more to PSMU. In Study 2 ( N = 586 participants; Mage = 31.70; SDage = 9.72; 313 females), mediation analyses, controlling for sociodemographics, HEXACO dimensions, and Dark Tetrad personality traits, showed that PSMU significantly mediated the effects of all facets of the Vulnerable Dark Triad on PSU, supporting a bridge effect from PSMU to a generalised PSU. These results have significant implications for theoretical and educational perspectives, underscoring the importance of integrating personality-based vulnerabilities into digital mental health frameworks
