Parthenope University of Naples
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NYNA NEETs and Digitalisation: How Many Challenges on the Horizon?
No full textThe strong increase in digitalisation due to the Covid‐19 pandemic changed many aspects of people’s lives, making it possible to overcome physical barriers, accelerate the simplification of many tasks, and facilitate access to information. Nevertheless, not all segments of the population benefit(ed) from these services in the same manner, therefore increasing social inequalities. The most disadvantaged struggled with access to digital tools; the low‐educated struggled due to problems connected with the use of these tools; and those living in rural areas due to the limited availability of a fast broadband connection. Individuals not in education, employment, or training (NEETs) are usually over‐represented among people with these personal characteristics, reinforcing the need to support their digital inclusion for active participation in the labour market. This article focuses on NEETs aged 25–29 years who identified as “not young, not adults” (NYNA), to verify if a wide use of digital tools is associated with a more active approach to feelings and actions taken to access the labour market. Data used in this study are based on a survey conducted within the EEA grant project Track‐In: Public Employment Services Tracking Effectiveness in Supporting Rural NEETs and refer to the Mediterranean countries of Italy, Portugal, and Spain. Findings suggest the importance of digital competencies in enhancing socio‐emotional skills—key mediators being the capacity to front situations and “trait self‐control”—with the area of residence as moderator, which emphasises the need for region‐specific interventions for rural NYNA NEETs
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando and the educational emergencies of those excluded from education
No full textSustainable mobility in Italian regions. May private cars be replaced by mass transport means?
No full textThis paper investigates the extent of substitutability between private cars and mass transport means within the framework of sustainable mobility, introducing a novel theoretical perspective that models substitutability as a conditional and regionally heterogeneous behavioural response. Grounded in consumer choice theory and enriched with insights from behavioural economics, the study develops a microeconomic model where relative perceived quality is the key driver of modal shift. Using Italian NUTS-2 regional data, we construct original indicators of quality and apply a cascade Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to detect whether car usage responds as a substitute or complement to improvements in the quality of mass transport means. A Dynamic ARDL simulation further explores the effect of policy-driven quality enhancements through transport and R&D expenditure. Findings highlight substantial spatial variability: while some regions exhibit strong substitutability, others remain stuck in complementarity traps, despite policy interventions. The study contributes to the literature by operationalising conditional substitutability and linking empirical evidence with both infrastructural and behavioural policy implications
Evolutionary and anthropological perspectives on the sella turcica: from vertebrate origins to neurosurgical relevance
No full text: The sella turcica, a saddle-shaped depression of the sphenoid bone, serves as a critical anatomical structure housing the pituitary gland and holds significant evolutionary, clinical, and anthropological importance. This review traces the evolutionary origins of the sella turcica from early vertebrates through mammalian and primate evolution, emphasizing its role in the stabilization and protection of neuroendocrine functions. Morphological stability of the sella turcica across hominin evolution highlights strong selective pressures on cranial base anatomy, despite broader craniofacial diversification. Anthropologically, the sella turcica provides a durable landmark for craniometric analyses, forensic reconstructions, and paleoanthropological investigations, revealing patterns of sex-based dimorphism, population variation, and disease prevalence. Developmental anomalies such as empty sella syndrome and pituitary hypoplasia illustrate the evolutionary trade-offs between increased encephalization and cranial vulnerability. Integrating historical, paleopathological, and clinical perspectives, this article underscores the sella turcica's significance as a nexus of evolutionary innovation, structural resilience, and biological fragility
The Italian microsatellite mission LICIACube as an enabler for innovative strategies in interplanetary exploration and planetary defense
No full textIn the last decade an increasing number of CubeSat-class spacecraft have been involved in the execution of space missions, operating at distances from our home planet ranging between Low-Earth Orbit to Mars. In particular, the Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) mission of Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI, Italian Space Agency) has contributed to the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) by witnessing, on September 26th, 2022, the successful impact of DART spacecraft with the asteroid (65803) Didymos I Dimorphos, and revealing the immediate aftermaths of the event while performing a quick flyby, successfully participating in the first Planetary Defense real-scale test ever conducted by humanity. LICIACube mission, leveraging on national competences and together with the international collaboration with the DART mission, has been able to improve the operational, technical, managerial and scientific know-how at national level, together with creating new records in interplanetary exploration. The concept of modularity in space segments, for the achievement of ever complex mission goals, has recently found favourable conditions thanks to the increasing capabilities of smaller platforms. In particular, the present work aims also at highlighting and describing the value of the LICIACube contribution in validating and verifying the outcome of the kinetic impact method with the presence of a proximity observer spacecraft
Beyond the Grid: GLRT-Based TomoSAR Fast Detection for Retrieving Height and Thermal Dilation
No full textThe Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar (TomoSAR) technique is widely used for monitoring urban infrastructures, as it enables the mapping of individual scatterers across additional dimensions such as height (3D), thermal dilation (4D), and deformation velocity (5D). Retrieving this information is crucial for building management and maintenance. Nevertheless, accurately extracting it from TomoSAR data poses several challenges, particularly the presence of outliers due to uneven and limited baseline distributions. One way to address these issues is through statistical detection approaches such as the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test, which ensures a Constant False Alarm Rate. While effective, these methods face two primary limitations: high computational complexity and the off-grid problem caused by the discretization of the search space. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose an approach that combines a quick initialization process using Fast-Sup GLRT with local descent optimization. This method operates directly in the continuous domain, bypassing the limitations of grid-based search while significantly reducing computational costs. Experiments conducted on both simulated and real datasets acquired with the TerraSAR-X satellite over the Spanish city of Barcelona demonstrate the ability of the proposed approach to maintain computational efficiency while improving scatterer localization accuracy in the third and fourth dimensions
Boosting GPGPU Virtualization and Multiplexing with RDMA Communication
No full textHardware virtualization is essential in High-Performance Computing (HPC) and Cloud Computing. It addresses resource allocation challenges, scalability, and performance isolation in shared environments. With the rise of GPGPU-accelerated HPC clusters, research has increasingly focused on GPGPU virtualization, leading to various solutions. This work explores the Generalized Virtualization Service (GVirtuS), a transparent virtualization solution with a plug-in framework for easy development and choice of communicators and stub libraries. We discuss GVirtuS' implementation and design choices and compare them with similar solutions. Additionally, we show how GVirtuS' performance was enhanced with a novel RDMA-based communicator, evaluated through CUDA implementations of SAXPY and Matrix Multiplication. Our RDMA Communicator achieved a 35{\%} performance boost over the TCP Communicator on Infiniband and a 55{\%} boost over TCP on Ethernet
On the Exploitation of Dual-Polarimetric SAR Measurements to Observe the C33 Iceberg in Antarctica
No full textThe monitoring of glaciers and icebergs is of paramount importance as they have a significant impact on sea level, ocean circulation, global warming and navigation. In this study, the C33 iceberg (Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica) is analyzed using a time series of Sentinel-1 dual-polarimetric HH-HV synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquired between 9 April and 3 May 2016. A processing paradigm that exploits dual-polarimetric information provided by Sentinel-1 imagery is proposed. Multipolarization intensity-based features are used to extract the C33 iceberg's profile with the goal of tracking its drift in the Terra Nova Bay; while a polarimetric coherent descriptor is used to infer information about the scattering properties of the iceberg and to observe their variability during the C33 iceberg drift. Experimental results confirm the soundness of the proposed approach, which is shown to take full benefit of the multipolarization Sentinel-1 SAR measurements