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Proactive evaluation of a native European parasitoid, Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), for biological control of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)
Get PDFLycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) is an emerging paninvasive species native to Asia, that poses a significant threat to agriculture, urban, and natural areas worldwide. Invasive populations of L. delicatula can cause substantial damage to vineyards, and ecological niche modeling identified Europe, where viticulture is a significant industry, as an area at high-risk of future establishment. However, despite the anticipated invasion of Europe, no research has yet explored potential natural enemies of L. delicatula that could be suitable for use in Europe. The native European egg parasitoid, Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), already used for biological control of invasive populations of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Europe, may be a suitable candidate natural enemy for L. delicatula. This study investigated the ability of A. bifasciatus to parasitize, reproduce on, and induce mortality of L. delicatula egg masses. Results from quarantine laboratory experiments indicated that A. bifasciatus significantly increased mortality of L. delicatula eggs, even though this parasitoid was unable to complete development on L. delicatula eggs. Host feeding on L. delicatula eggs by adult female A. bifasciatus and incomplete development of parasitoid larvae within host eggs are proposed mechanisms for increased mortality of L. delicatula eggs. Moreover, non-target host range testing on native North American species confirmed that A. bifasciatus is a generalist egg parasitoid and is likely unsuitable for introduction into areas outside its native range.This work was supported, in part, by the California Department of Food and Agriculture’s (CDFA) Office of Environmental Farming and Innovation, Proactive Integrated Pest Management Solutions Grant Program, award number 18-0632-000-SG “Proactive biological control of spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae).” Additional support was provided by CDFA’s Office of Environmental Farming and Innovation, Proactive Integrated Pest Management Solutions Grant Program, award number R21-0729-000-SG “Can Anastatus spp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) Egg Parasitoids from California and Arizona Provide Control of Spotted Lantern Fly?”.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Impact of a Phytogenic Feed Additive on Diarrhea Incidence, Intestinal Histomorphology and Fecal Excretion of F4-Fimbriated Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Post-Weaning Piglets
Get PDFThis study investigated the effects of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) containing a blend of herbs, plant extracts and essential oils from the Lamiaceae, Schisandraceae, Zingiberaceae and Fabaceae families on the fecal score, intestinal histomorphology and fecal excretion of F4-fimbriated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (F4-ETEC) in post-weaning piglets. Thirty 31-day-old weaned piglets were randomly allocated to three treatment groups. The positive control (PC) group received colistin via drinking water from d 8 to 14 post-weaning and the same basal diet as the negative control (NC) group; the treatment group received the basal diet with PFA supplementation (1 g/kg of feed). The experiment lasted 21 days. At day 9 post-weaning, all piglets were orally administered 3.0 × 1010 CFU/piglet of the F4-ETEC strain. The PC piglets had higher fecal consistency than the NC and PFA piglets. PFA supplementation resulted in a lower percentage of piglets excreting F4-ETEC in the feces on days 4–7 post-challenge than in the NC group (p 0.10). Mucus thickness in the jejunum of the PFA piglets was similar to the NC piglets and PC piglets (p > 0.10). In conclusion, PFA supplementation to the F4-ETEC-challenged piglets reduced the prevalence of fecal E. coli excretion and improved jejunal histomorphology.This research was fully funded by Cargill Incorporated and received no external funding. The funders had no role in the conduction of the study, data and samples collection, analysis of samples and interpretation of the results.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post-harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 2 – A dynamic mass balance model for handling and processing operations in ffFVH using water
Get PDFA dynamic mass balance model was developed to simulate contamination dynamics in the process water of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH) during processing and handling operations. The mass balance relates to the flux of water and product in a wash tank and the number of microbial cells released in the water, inactivated by the water disinfectant or transferred from the water back to the product. Critical variables describing microbial dynamics in water are: (i) the chemical oxygen demand (COD), as an indicator of the concentration of organic matter; (ii) free chlorine (FC) and particularly its antimicrobial fraction, hypochlorous acid (HOCl); and (iii) the microbial population levels. Model parameters include: (i) the dilution rate of the process water, representing the speed of system saturation, equal to the water flux divided by the tank volume; (ii) the transfer rates of total bacterial counts (TBC) and COD from product to water; and (iii) the specific inactivation rate of microorganisms due to HOCl. The protective effect of COD on microbial cells against FC is encompassed in the inactivation rate. HOCl is expressed as a function of temperature, pH and total chlorine. The model can simulate ‘what if scenarios’, based on user-defined process-specific and product/microorganism-specific parameters through a web R-based application. This model can help food business operators when selecting intervention strategies and conditions to maintain the microbiological quality of the process water or identify conditions that represent poor or proper water management practices. Testing alternative model structures and collecting data about operational conditions of handling and/or processing operations, microbial dynamics and the magnitude of the product-specific protective effect on microorganisms are recommended to improve the application of the model.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
BestDate: la herramienta para el correcto marcado de fecha de consumo que ayuda a reducir el desperdicio alimentario
No full textUna correcta indicación de la fecha de consumo preferente o de caducidad y el conocimiento del consumidor sobre las diferencias entre ambos conceptos es clave para disminuir el desecho de alimentos.BestDate: Ayudas a actividades de demostración (convocatoria 2021). Actividad financiada a través de la operación 01.02.01 de Transferencia Tecnológica del Programa de desarrollo rural de Catalunya 2014-2022info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
La fertilización nitrogenada en el olivar superintensivo
No full textLa superficie de olivar superintensivo en Espana se ha ido incrementado en la ultima
decada, especialmente en cultivo de regadio,y representa en torno al 8% de la superficie
del cultivo. Este sistema de produccion busca maximizar la produccion y reducir los costes
incrementando la mecanizacion. La fertilizacion juega un papel muy importante en estos
sistemas porque tienen unas necesidades nutricionales por unidad de superficie mas altas
que en un olivar tradicional.A J.S. por la cesión del campo para el ensayo y al Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación por la beca Torres de Quevedo PTQ2020-011271/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, recibida por Dr. Ángel Maresma.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Com es generen els prions? Un estudi revela la importància (o no) dels cofactors
No full textEl present treball ha estat parcialment finançat per: Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España, números de projecte PID2021-122201OB-C21/C22 i PID2020-117465GB-I00. Projecte EFA031/01 NEURO-COOP, que és cofinançat en un 65% per la Unió Europea a través del Programa Interreg VI-A Espanya-França-Andorra (POCTEFA 2021-2027).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Carcass quality and performance of Duroc × Iberian pigs fed a dried olive pulp diet during the growing phase
No full textAim of study: To study the effect of feeding dried olive pulp (DOP) based diets during the growing period
on carcass and meat quality traits of Duroc × Iberian pigs at slaughter weight, under different management
conditions.
Area of study: Extremadura, Spain.
Material and methods: Two trials with 26 and 34 pigs, respectively, were conducted. In each trial, pigs were
divided into two dietary groups: a control group (C) and a DOP group, fed a diet supplemented with 45%
dried olive pulp (DOP_1 for Trial 1: 6.8 MJ/kg; and DOP_2 for Trial 2: 5.4 MJ/kg). When the pigs reached
100 kg of body weight (BW), five from each group and trial were slaughtered, while the rest continued on a
standard fattening diet until they reached 160 kg BW.
Main results: In both trials, growth during the growing stage, as well as total growth, was lower in the DOP
groups. Carcass yield was lower in both DOP_1 and DOP_2 animals. In addition, DOP_2 barrows showed a
decrease in backfat thickness and an increase in ham percentage. The intramuscular fat content was affected
only in Trial 1, being lower in the muscles of DOP_1 pigs. Finally, pigs fed DOP diets presented a higher
proportion of oleic and monounsaturated fatty acid in backfat.
Research highlights: Feeding dry olive supplemented diets during the growing period did not have a
relevant effect on carcass quality. The effectiveness of implementing such diets may be affected by factors
such as the animal environment.Funding agencies/institutions: INIA-CSIC: own funds ; Project / Grant: RTA2013-063-C03-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
La fertilización nitrogenada en el olivar superintensivo
No full textA J.S. por la cesión del campo para el ensayo y al Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación por la beca Torres de Quevedo PTQ2020-011271/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033, recibida por Dr. Ángel Maresma.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Transmissió de tuberculosi entre els humans i el bestiar
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio