4629 research outputs found
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¿Por qué y cuándo se producen las bajas de los lechones en lactación?
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L’acidesa de l’oli d’oliva, un paràmetre de poca utilitat
Get PDFUn cop envasat l'oli i dins el mercat, l’acidesa indicada a les etiquetes no té cap sentit pràctic per als consumidorsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Scoring of swine lung images: a comparison between a computer vision system and human evaluators
Get PDFCranioventral pulmonary consolidation (CVPC) is a common lesion observed in the lungs of slaughtered pigs, often associated with Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae infection. There is a need to implement simple, fast, and valid CVPC scoring methods. Therefore, this study aimed to compare CVPC scores provided by a computer vision system (CVS; AI DIAGNOS) from lung images obtained at slaughter, with scores assigned by human evaluators. In addition, intra- and inter-evaluator variability were assessed and compared to intra-CVS variability. A total of 1050 dorsal view images of swine lungs were analyzed. Total lung lesion score, lesion score per lung lobe, and percentage of affected lung area were employed as outcomes for the evaluation. The CVS showed moderate accuracy (62–71%) in discriminating between non-lesioned and lesioned lung lobes in all but the diaphragmatic lobes. A low multiclass classification accuracy at the lung lobe level (24–36%) was observed. A moderate to high inter-evaluator variability was noticed depending on the lung lobe, as shown by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC: 0.29–0.6). The intra-evaluator variability was low and similar among the different outcomes and lung lobes, although the observed ICC slightly differed among evaluators. In contrast, the CVS scoring was identical per lobe per image. The results of this study suggest that the CVS AI DIAGNOS could be used as an alternative to the manual scoring of CVPC during slaughter inspections due to its accuracy in binary classification and its perfect consistency in the scoring.This study was funded by Laboratorios HIPRA.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
La peculiar respiración de las plantas: ¿Ineficiente o salvaguarda ante el estrés?
No full textLa respiración celular es un proceso complejo que otorga vitalidad a los organismos, y que está estrechamente relacionado con el metabolismo y el estrés oxidativo. Las plantas poseen una respiración alternativa que, a pesar de disminuir la eficiencia energética de la respiración, brinda flexibilidad metabólica para permitir a la planta responder a situaciones adversas. Esto arroja nuevas perspectivas en el estudio de un proceso clave para el beneficio de una productividad vegetal amenazada por el cambio climático.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Valorization of sulfide rich tailings with nature-based solutions for pasture lands
Get PDFSoil degradation caused by the mining activities is one of the major impacts and challenges for society. Nature-based solutions, such as Technosols, are an alternative for their recovery, which can be accelerated by the use of microorganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of implementing risk-free grazing land on sulfide-rich tailings recovered with a Tecnosol with/without a fungal inoculum (Rhizoglomus irregulare and Trichoderma sp.). A mesocosm assay was carried out, under greenhouse and controlled conditions, with sulfide-rich tailings from the Aznalcóllar mine and a Technosol designed with alkaline and eutrophic properties for eight months. Three treatments were established (Tailing + Technosol with fungal inoculation (YM), Tailing + Technosol without fungal inoculation (NM), and Tailing with fungal inoculation (Control)) and a commercial pasture was sown. Several parameters related to the materials collected in each treatment, plant development and multielemental composition of the shoots in two growth cycles were determined. The single application of the fungal inoculum was not sufficient to improve the sulfide-rich tailings and to allow plant germination. Independently of the inoculum application, the Technosol improved the physico-chemical characteristics of the tailings (e.g., increased pH, fertility and decreased the availability of potentially toxic elements). Shoots from the YM and NM treatments showed no significant differences in yield and development and no any risk to animal consumption. The results confirmed that sulfide-rich tailings can be environmentally recovered and socio-economically valorized through the application of a Technosol and pasture land.This work was funded by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the project UIDB/04129/2020 of LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Research Unit (project Non-foodCropMine) and LA/P/0092/2020 of Associate Laboratory TERRA.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
A proposal of a fecal scoring system based on physicochemical analyses of suckling pig feces
Get PDFBackground Digestive disorders are one of the main health problems in suckling piglets. The correct visual identifcation
of feces in suckling piglets is an important tool for the diagnosis of enteric diseases. The aim of the present observational
study was to analyze diferent physicochemical parameters of the feces of suckling piglets aged 0 to 21 days: visual appearance (color and consistency), fecal dry matter (FDM) content and pH. A total of 482 fecal samples were collected and visually
classifed into six categories: meconium, colostrum stage feces and 4 further scores according to the degree of consistency:
0=form; 1=pasty; 2=liquid; and 3=watery feces. The percentage of FDM was estimated by two drying methods, oven
and microwave, doing duplicates in each one to evaluate methods, and both were compared.
Results The most frequent colors of each feces category were dark green or dark brown for meconium; orange for colostrum; formed feces were mostly ocher and for the rest of the feces, the colors varied predominantly cream and ocher.
Regarding FDM, liquid and watery categories had no statistically signifcant diferences between them; meconium
and colostrum feces FDM were not statistically diferent from pasty feces. The correlation coefcient between the FDM values of the duplicate analyses of the samples by both methods (oven and microwave) was very high (>0.988). Importantly,
no diferences were found while comparing the results between both methods (p=0.078), and the correlation coefcient
between all samples analyzed with both methods was very high (>0.98). Meconium was the only one that difered signifcantly from the rest in terms of pH.
Conclusion The physicochemical study of the feces of suckling piglets including color, FDM and pH allowed the establishment of an objective fecal score to characterize the stools in this age group.
Keywords Pig, Score, Dry-matter, pH, Neonatal, Lactating, DiarrheaThis project was funded by Doctorats Industrials de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Number 006/21) and Mevet-SAU – Vall Companys Group.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Does fish oil improve the growth performance of suckling piglets?
No full textSpanish researchers evaluated the impact of supplementing
fish oil to Iberian sows on litter size, growth of piglets
during lactation, and the concentrations of anti-inflammatory molecules in colostrum and milk. They
published their findings in Animalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Estudio de los efectos de la puesta en riego de la zona Segarra-Garrigues sobre la tipología de frutos, el proceso de almazara y la huella hídrica final en el aceite (parte II)
No full textEsta es la segunda parte del artículo anterior del mismo nombre. En él, los autores argumentan que la puesta en riego de amplias zonas oleícolas, que involucran gran número de agricultores, tiene implicaciones tecnológicas importantes. A las ventajas productivas ya conocidas, hay que añadir algunos inconvenientes relacionados con la capacidad de molturación de las almazaras vinculadas a dichas zonas. Si estas industrias no se actualizan convenientemente pueden verse desbordadas por una creciente entrada diaria de aceitunas, mayores dificultades extractivas y peores características finales del aceite. Por otra parte, la puesta en riego tiene una evidente huella hídrica a nivel de producción, que no se ve penalizada a nivel de transformación.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Improvements in RNA and DNA nanopore sequencing allow for rapid genetic characterization of avian influenza
Get PDFAvian influenza virus (AIV) currently causes a panzootic with extensive mortality in wild birds, poultry, and wild mammals, thus posing a major threat to global health and underscoring the need for efficient monitoring of its distribution and evolution. We here utilized a well-defined AIV strain to systematically investigate AIV genetic characterization through rapid, portable nanopore sequencing by comparing the latest DNA and RNA nanopore sequencing approaches and various computational pipelines for viral consensus sequence generation and phylogenetic analysis. We show that the latest direct RNA nanopore sequencing updates improve consensus sequence generation, but that the application of the latest DNA nanopore chemistry after reverse transcription and amplification outperforms, such native viral RNA sequencing by achieving higher sequencing accuracy and throughput. We additionally leveraged the direct RNA nanopore sequencing data for the detection of RNA modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine and pseudouridine, which play a role in viral immune evasion. Finally, we applied these sequencing approaches together with portable AIV diagnosis and quantification tools to environmental samples from a poultry farm, demonstrating the feasibility of nanopore sequencing for on-site non-invasive AIV monitoring in real-world outbreak scenarios.Helmholtz Principal Investigator Grant awarded to L.U.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Mixing and fermenting chickpea and almond milk analogues to produce probiotic yoghurt analogues
No full textThe search for sustainable and healthy foods has led to the development of various fermented plant-based products as an alternative to fermented dairy products. These fermented products must have satisfactory sensory properties, meet nutritional requirements, and contain live and active probiotic bacteria, that can exert beneficial health effects. In our study, we developed mixes of almond and chickpea milk analogues (MAs), with a protein content of approx. 3 %, close to the protein content of dairy milk. Two lactic acid bacteria strains, Streptococcus thermophilus CIRM-BIA772 and Lactobacillus helveticus CIRM-BIA100, with known technological and probiotic properties, were used to ferment the different MAs and to produce fermented yoghurt analogues (YAs). After fermentation, bacterial population, carbohydrates and organic acid content, proteolysis, amino acid profile, instrumental texture analysis, sensory properties and in vitro immunomodulation were measured. The changes in composition of the almond and chickpea MAs and the mixes made thereof resulted in different capabilities of the two strains to grow with higher growth shown in the YA mixes. In turn, the strains produced various amounts in lactic acid, peptides and free amino acids, including GABA. The samples with higher almond content exhibited significantly lower apparent viscosity (222 vs. 937mPas at ẏ = 50s−1) and a greater tendency toward syneresis compared to those with higher chickpea content (54 % vs. 5 %). The plant-based aroma was consistent across samples as well as the yoghurt-like attribute that can help acceptation by consumers. Finally, after fermentation, the YAs diversely reduced the proinflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide of E. coli, with higher reduction of the IL8 secretion in 100 % chickpea and in the mixes with high chickpea content. These results provide valuable insights into how the composition of the raw material blends and the fermentation conditions can be modulated to control the sensory, textural, nutritional and health properties.This research was funded by the LOCALNUTLEG project (Developing innovative plant-based added-value food products through the promotion of LOCAL Mediterranean NUT and LEGUME crops) and financed by PRIMA (Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area) funded by the European programme H2020.The PRIMA programme is an Art. 185 initiative supported and funded under Horizon 2020, the European Union's Framework Programme for Research, and Innovation. Project identifier: Grant Agreement n° 2033.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio