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Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Physical Drivers of Chromosome Instability and Inflammatory Responses
No full textMultiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are widely used in industry; however, exposure to these fiber-like structures has beenassociated with acute and chronic toxicological effects. Upon inhalation, human epithelial cells internalize MWCNTs by macro-pinocytosis. Once internalized, MWCNTs have been associated with mesothelioma and inflammation pathologies, similar tothose induced by asbestos. While most previous studies have emphasized the chemical properties of MWNCTs as drivers of tox-icity, this article highlights their fibrous morphology as a key factor in their genotoxic potential. Exposure of retinal pigmentalepithelial cells to NM-401 MWCNT significantly increased the frequencies of lagging chromosomes, micronuclei, and binucleatedcells. Combined with time-lapse imaging, these findings revealed a mechanically driven process in which MWCNTs physicallyobstruct chromosome migration and impair the final stage of cytokinesis in epithelial cells. Such mechanical disruptions causeaberrant mitotic outcomes, a well-established source of chromosomal instability, and precursors of carcinogenesis. Moreover,MWCNTs induce cytoplasmic DNA mislocalization, which is sensed by cGAS and potentially triggers an innate immune responsein epithelial cells. Consistently, continuous fiber exposure upregulates type I interferon-related genes and pro-inflammatory cyto-kines in both macrophages and epithelial cells. Altogether, these findings indicate that the genotoxic effects of NM-401 MWCNTscontribute to the chronic inflammation observed in MWCNT-induced pulmonary fibrosis.This work was supported by Fundació la Marató de TV3 (Grant 201918-30), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant 2021-SGR-122), and Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear. Núria Pulido-Artola holds an FI-SDUR predoctoral fellowiship from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Ref 2022 FISDU 00237).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Brassinosteroids in Cucurbits: Modulators of Plant Growth Architecture and Stress Response
No full textBrassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that are essential for plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation. They control the division, elongation, and differentiation of various cell types throughout the entire plant life cycle, affecting growth and the stress response. Therefore, fine-tuning of BR biosynthesis and modulation of signaling pathways offer possibilities for developing cultivars characterized by adjusted plant architecture or improved stress tolerance to benefit crop production. Additionally,precise BR treatments can be employed to increase the productivity of crop plants. This
review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the genetic basis of traits related to BR metabolism and signaling in cucurbits, the second largest vegetable family, which contributes significantly to global vegetable production and nutritional security. We summarize the current knowledge concerning BR biosynthesis mutants, the role of BRs in stress mitigation, and the potential of the exogenous application of BRs to alleviate stress during cucurbit production. We also discuss how genes related to BR metabolism can be used to develop gene editing strategies to advance precision breeding in cucurbits.This work was financially supported by the Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development under the project “Basic research for biological progress in crop production”, Task 33 “Identification of genes controlling the plant growth architecture of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”. The publication was cofinanced by the Science Development Fund and the Scholarship Fund of Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Exposición al riesgo por la ingesta de ocratoxina A asociada al consumo de embutidos cárnicos curado-madurados
No full textSe presenta una evaluación sobre la exposición del consumidor de embutidos curado-madurados a la ingesta de ocratoxina A producida por los mohos característicos que presenta el producto final.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Impacte i experiències de la ciència oberta en intel·ligència artificial a l'agricultura
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Histological and molecular characterization of the digestive system of early weaned juveniles of Arapaima sp. reared in a recirculating aquaculture system
Get PDFArapaima spp., the world’s largest scaled freshwater fish, native to the Amazon and Essequibo river basins, are valued in aquaculture for their rapid growth and ornamental appeal. However, reliance on natural breeding and parental care in earthen ponds results in variable fingerling survival, hindering production. This study investigated the morphology and functionality of the digestive system of Arapaima sp. fingerlings from the Peruvian Amazon and evaluated the feasibility of early weaning onto compound diets to optimise growth and survival. Fingerlings were collected from a pond at 3.19 ± 0.03 cm total length (TL) and reared in a recirculating aquaculture system at 29 ºC under a 12L:12D photoperiod. Fish were successfully weaned from Artemia spp. nauplii onto an experimental compound diet (60% protein, 15% lipid) from 3.26 ± 0.02 cm TL within three days. Histological and gene expression analyses of key digestive enzyme precursors and appetite-regulating peptides (α-amylase, phospholipase A2, lipoprotein lipase, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, pepsinogen, and peptide YY) revealed a mature digestive system, with enhanced digestive efficiency observed at 5.05 ± 0.34 cm TL. Based on digestive enzyme expression profiles and gut morphology, early juvenile Arapaima sp. possess a digestive physiology consistent with that of an omnivorous species with a preference for animal prey. The middle intestine was identified as a key site for fatty acid absorption and feed intake regulation. This study presents a novel, comprehensive analysis of digestive enzyme gene expression and associated tissue morphology in the genus Arapaima. It provides new insights into their digestive physiology and establishes the feasibility of early weaning onto formulated diets. Future research should explore the interplay between optimised compound feed formulations and refined early rearing protocols to maximise growth and survival throughout development.This work was conducted in the framework of the network LARVAplus ‘Strategies for the development and improvement of fish larvae production in Ibero-America’ (117RT0521, Ibero-American Program of Science and Technology for Development, CYTED, Spain).
This research was funded by the Peruvian Project 192-FINCyT-IA-201 (Programa Nacional de Innovación para la Competitividad y Productividad, Innóvate-Perú, Peru) and the International Joint Laboratory ‘Evolution and Domestication of the Amazonian Ichthyofauna’ (LMI EDIA, IRD-IIAP-UAGRM, France, Peru, and Bolivia). DC-R received mobility grants from FONDECYT (Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica, Concurso Movilización Nacional e Internacional en Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTeI) 2014/2015, 013-2015-FONDECYT, Peru) and from the IRD (Mobilité Sud-Nord, France). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Influenza Aviar: características de la enfermedad, situación actual y perspectivas futuras
No full textLa influenza aviar (InAv) o "gripe aviar" es una enfermedad viral aguda que afecta mayoritariamente las aves domesticas y esta causada por virus de influenza tipo A. A lo largo de las ultimas decadas, el numero y extension de los brotes de influenza aviar reportadosa nivel mundial,asf como la expansidn del virus a otras muchas especies, incluida la humana, han puesto en alerta a la comunidad internacional debido a su potencial impacto, no unicamente en la industria avicola, sino tambien en la salud publica y la biodiversidad. En este documento se examinan los antecedentes historicos de la influenza aviar, la situacion actual hasta marzo de 2025 y las previsiones futuras, con el objetivo de proporcionar una vision integral y divuigativa obre este tema.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Análisis multi-ómico del eje microbiotaintestino-cerebro en un modelo porcino de estrés social: biomarcadores e intervenciones basadas en el microbioma para mejorar la salud y el bienestar animal
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Cloning and Expression of a Truncated Form of the p72 Protein of the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) for Application in an Efficient Indirect ELISA System
Get PDFAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a disease that affects both domestic and wild swine. It was recently reported in the Dominican Republic and Haiti (2021), representing a substantial risk to America. The goal of this study was to produce a truncated form of the ASF-p72 recombinant protein based on the ASF strain genotype II (Georgia 2017) as well as to develop and validate a sensitive and specific ASF indirect-ELISA (iELISA) for early detection of ASF. The truncated ASF-p72 recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21/DE3 cells using the pET-SUMO plasmid. Bioinformatics analysis showed 100% homology among the new isolates of ASFV from genotype II. The ASF-p72-truncated protein was used to develop an iELISA, which had a high sensitivity (88%) and strong specificity (97%); the concordance index kappa was K = 0.872, indicating nearly perfect agreement compared to the WOAH confirmatory immunoperoxidase test. The validation results utilizing the reference sera panel from the OIE-ASF Reference Laboratory show the excellent detection capabilities of ASF antibodies up to a 1:1000 serum dilution. The inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV 10.4%) and intra-assay CV (2.8%) data show that the assay is precise and reproducible. This biotechnology advancement can be used to conduct future epidemiological research for ASF surveillance in ASF-free American countries.This research was funded by PROCINORTE Project 2023 (INIFAP-CENID-SAI SIGI 154626612) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant reference PID2022-136312OB-I00 to F.R.).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Can genetic diversity in microalgae species be explained by climate: an overview of metabarcoding with diatoms
Get PDFDiatoms, a diverse and abundant group of microalgae, play a crucial role in the functioning of rivers, and are widely used as indicators of ecological quality. This microalgae group has an intraspecific genetic diversity that is poorly understood on a global scale. We examined their genetic diversity using metabarcoding data from Nordic to Equatorial rivers (n = 1103 samples). Notably, 61% of genetic variants were endemic to a single climate zone, including 33% from the Equatorial zone. Looking at the genetic diversity within species, one third of the species showed geographic pattern between climate zones and the phylogenetic structure of their communities indicated that they were shaped by environmental filtering. Another third showed no geographic pattern, and their communities were in majority shaped by neutral processes. A final group was between these two situations. Interestingly, no geographic pattern was observed within the same climate zones, even in regions over 10 000 km apart. We conclude that the numerous species showing allopatric diversification between climate zones, would deserve to be separated into new species to improve diatom-based biomonitoring tools. For future studies, expanding geographical sampling coverage, together with using multi-markers or metagenomes approaches would enable to go beyond these results.This paper is a contribution to the projects Aquaref “Mettre en œuvre les méthodes de bio-indication dans la surveillance et l’évaluation”, “Diatoms Flora of Mayotte Rivers and other Indo-Pacific Islands” (supported by OFB, MicPhyc and INRAE), and “Assessment of the ecological status of the Krka River using DNA metabarcoding” (financed by the NP Krka). The Swedish data were generated in two projects (Dnr. 1928–2020 and 1152–21) funded by the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management. Antonija Kulaš's 3-month postdoctoral stay at the INRAE Institute, where most of the work related to this article was conducted, was funded by the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio