4629 research outputs found
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Verificar el origen geográfico de los alimentos a través de su huella terpénica: una solución eficaz y accesible para productos de alto valor como el aceite de oliva y los piñones
Get PDFUtilizan los terpenos volátiles y semivolátiles como marcadores químicos, combinado con
estrategias de fingerprinting y herramientas quimiométricasEste trabajo se llevó a cabo en el marco del proyecto TRACENUTS, PID2020-117701RB-I00, financiado por el MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. B. Torres-Cobos agradece al Ministerio de Universidades la financiación de su beca predoctoral FPU20/01454. Los autores del INSA-UB forman parte del Grupo Consolidado de Investigación LiBiFOOD (2021- SGR-00854), reconocido por AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya). INSA-UB es además una Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu (subvención CEX2021-001234-M), financiada por el MICIU/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Los autores desean expresar su agradecimiento al INIA-CIFOR y a CESEFOR por la cesión de muestras de P. pinea procedentes de Madrid y Castilla y León. Asimismo, los autores agradecen a Unaprol – Italian Olive Consortium – su colaboración en la recogida de muestras de aceite de oliva virgen italiano y el apoyo financiero prestado.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Nuevas variedades de maíz para grano de los ciclos 400 y 500
Get PDFEste artículo muestra los resultados de los ensayos de variedades de maíz para grano de ciclos 400 y 500 (convencionales y transgénicas derivadas del evento MON810) que se han evaluado en 2024 en el marco del Grupo para la Evaluación de Nuevas Variedades de Cultivos Extensivos en España (Genvce).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Resultats de les noves varietats de blat tou d'hivern
No full textLes darreres campanyes s’han assajat les noves varietats comercials de blat tou d’hivern a l’interior de Girona, als secans frescals i als secans semifrescals. Tot i que en general les seves produccions no han diferit de forma significativa, d’entre les varietats que s’han assajat un mínim de 4 anys es podria destacar uns bons rendiments en totes les zones d’ORLOGE, GANDUJA, LG RUFO i MARCOPOLO. També han mostrat uns bons rendiments FILON, PIBRAC, IDALGO, CHAMBO i LG FORTUNATO, entre altres.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Tandem LTR-retrotransposon structures are common and highly polymorphic in plant genomes
Get PDFBackground
LTR-retrotransposons (LTR-RT) are a major component of plant genomes and important drivers of genome evolution. Most LTR-RT copies in plant genomes are defective elements found as truncated copies, nested insertions or as part of more complex structures. The recent availability of highly contiguous plant genome assemblies based on long-read sequences now allows to perform detailed characterization of these complex structures and to evaluate their importance for plant genome evolution.
Results
The detailed analysis of two rice loci containing complex LTR-RT structures showed that they consist of tandem arrays of LTR copies sharing internal LTRs. Our analyses suggests that these LTR-RT tandems are the result of a single insertion and not of the recombination of two independent LTR-RT elements. Our results also suggest that gypsy elements may be more prone to form these structures. We show that these structures are highly polymorphic in rice and therefore have the potential to generate genetic variability. We have developed a computational pipeline (IDENTAM) that scans genome sequences and identifies tandem LTR-RT candidates. Using this tool, we have detected 266 tandems in a pangenome built from the genomes of 76 accessions of cultivated and wild rice, showing that tandem LTR-RT structures are frequent and highly polymorphic in rice. Running IDENTAM in the Arabidopsis, almond and cotton genomes showed that LTR-RT tandems are frequent in plant genomes of different size, complexity and ploidy level. The complexity of differentiating intra-element variations at the nucleotide level among haplotypes is very high, and we found that graph-based pangenomic methodologies are appropriate to resolve these structures.
Conclusions
Our results show that LTR-RT elements can form tandem arrays. These structures are relatively abundant and highly polymorphic in rice and are widespread in the plant kingdom. Future studies will contribute to understanding how these structures originate and whether the variability that they generate has a functional impact.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. The work done at CRAG was funded by grant PID2022-143167NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/50110001103 and by “ERDF/EU” and grant CEX2019-000902-S funded by MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033. NMD is funded by Grant PRE2020-095111 Funded by MCIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and by “ESF Investing in your future”, and RC was partially funded by a Juan de la Cierva contract, grant IJC2020-045949-I funded by MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”, and is now a Ramón y Cajal contract holder, RYC2022-037459-I funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by FSE+. AAG was supported by the LOEWE Start Professorship from the Hessian Ministry for Science and the Arts. VK was supported by GRK 2843 from the German Research Foundation (DFG).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Time series modelling of swine lung lesion prevalence to predict the temporal dynamics of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infections in Spain
Get PDFRespiratory diseases are considered one of the most important problems in swine production worldwide due to the significant economic losses associated. Lung lesion evaluation at slaughterhouses by different scoring systems is commonly used to monitor respiratory diseases in swine. Concretely, cranioventral pulmonary consolidation lesions are associated with enzootic pneumonia (EP) caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo); whereas haemorrhagic necrotizing pneumonia, mainly in the dorso-caudal lung lobes, and chronic pleuritis (CP) are associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App). Despite the recent consideration of several statistical methods for modelling the temporal dynamics of diseases and the construction of monitoring systems, none have been applied to lung lesions data collected at slaughterhouses. Thus, this work aimed (1) to describe the temporal patterns of EP and CP-like lesions in Spain using time series methods to model the collected data on lung lesions at slaughterhouses; and (2) to construct and evaluate in quasi-real time a surveillance system for early detection of outbreaks and abnormal trends potentially related to both pathogens. In total, 16 time series were analysed including 3947 audits from 474 Spanish farms associated with 302 companies between 2016 and 2019. The monthly time series of the EP index between 2016 and 2019 in Spain (point estimate for Spain was −0.088 with an associated p = 0.073) and different Spanish subregions showed decreasing trend patterns (point estimates for Aragon was −0.028 with an associated p = 0.000 and for Catalonia was −0.064 with an associated p = 0.092), whereas the monthly time series of the CP index increased (point estimate for Spain was 0.004 with an associated p = 0.045 and for Aragon was 0.007 with an associated p = 0.000) over the same period. Additionally, the predictive performance of the estimated models was evaluated at quasi-real time using the data between 2020 and 2021. Results from this evaluation showed that overall, the selected models predicted the evolution of both the EP and CP indices in a reasonable manner being between 90 % prediction intervals. Therefore, time series models constructed in this work could be used to prevent and shorten the response time in implementing of control strategies against these respiratory pathogens minimizing their economic impact associated.This work was supported by Ceva Salud Animal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Review of porcine circovirus 3–associated lesions in swine: Challenges and advances in diagnostics
No full textPorcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a recently identified pathogen in swine populations. It is considered a ubiquitous virus and is frequently associated with subclinical infections throughout various stages of production. PCV3 is detectable in diverse tissues, blood, and secretions, indicating systemic dissemination and potential for both vertical and horizontal transmission. PCV3 has been implicated in reproductive and postnatal diseases collectively named as PCV3-associated diseases (PCV3-AD). Clinically, PCV3-AD encompasses reproductive disorders such as mummified fetuses, stillbirths, and weak neonates, alongside postnatal manifestations including anorexia, weight loss, and progressive wasting. Histopathologically, PCV3-AD is primarily defined by systemic nonsuppurative periarteritis and arteritis that are observed across multiple tissues, particularly within the heart, mesenteric arterial plexus, and kidneys. Despite the broad tissue tropism and frequent detection of viral nucleic acids within affected vascular and parenchymal structures, the precise mechanisms underpinning PCV3 pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Diagnosis of PCV3-AD relies on the confluence of characteristic clinical signs, compatible histopathological findings, and the in situ detection of the virus within lesions. However, the true prevalence of PCV3-AD under field conditions is likely underestimated due to the limited availability and high costs associated with laboratory techniques for definitive viral detection. This review seeks to consolidate and interpret clinical and pathological evidence indicative of PCV3-AD while addressing the critical diagnostic challenges faced by veterinary pathologists. Enhanced understanding of the disease’s clinical-pathological correlations and diagnostic approaches is essential to accurately assess its impact on swine health and production.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Effect of space allowance and transport container height on the welfare of fattening rabbits under different environmental thermal conditions
Get PDFThis study evaluated the combined effects of container space allowance, height, and ambient thermal conditions on the welfare of fattening rabbits during simulated transport. Nine hundred rabbits were exposed to three space allowances (121, 150, and 191 cm2/kg; S121, S150, S191), two container heights (20 and 35 cm; H20, H35), and four thermal environments (21.4 °C, 25.9 °C, 30.0 °C, and 33.5 °C, T1–T4, all at 50–68% RH) for 8 h after 6-h fasting. Welfare was assessed via thermophysiological (rectal temperature, RT; body weight loss, BWL) and metabolic indicators (hematocrit, glucose, LDH, corticosterone, creatine kinase, NEFAs). Thermographic imaging of ear and lacrimal regions was correlated with RT to validate a non-invasive method for assessing thermal stress. T4 was stopped after 5 h due to severe compromise in S121 and S150, especially in H35. T1 increased hypothermia risk compared to T2 and T3 (p = 0.043). S191 increased hypothermia risk compared to S150 and S121. Cage height did not affect hypothermia (p = 0.875) but increased hyperthermia risk under T3, especially in S150 and S121 (p < 0.037). BWL varied with thermal state (p < 0.001): 54.4 g in hypothermia, 65.2 g in normothermia, 74.1 g in hyperthermia. RT correlated with lacrimal (r = 0.743) and ear (r = 0.704) temperatures (p < 0.001). Hematocrit, LDH, and creatine kinase remained stable. Glucose varied with space allowance (p = 0.002) and tended to vary with height (p = 0.070), highest in S121 and H20. NEFAs decreased under T3 (p < 0.010) and tended to under T2. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing transport conditions and support thermography as a welfare monitoring tool.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Temporal evolution of Sow herd age structure and its impact on the performance of Spanish commercial farms
Get PDFBackground
Efficient herd management is crucial for maintaining constant pig production. This study analysed the evolution of census structure over time and how productive performance variables related to farm efficiency are affected and evolved, using data from 427 Spanish commercial pig farms over three years (2020–2022). Farms were classified into three types of herd age structures based on the first coefficient of a quadratic function representing sow parity distribution. A longitudinal analysis was performed to evaluate changes in herd age structure and productivity over time, applying repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
The herd age structure types in 2020 were: HS1 (with a downward-concave trend), HS2 (with a trend close to a straight line), and HS3 (with an upward-concave trend). HS1 farms had the highest productivity over time, maintaining superior performance compared to HS2 and HS3 (p < 0.01), with 31.4 piglets weaned per sow per year in 2021 and 30.9 in 2022. However, HS1 farms showed moderate consistency in herd parity structure over time, with 48.6% remaining in the same group in 2021 and 43% in 2022. HS2 farms showed the greatest herd parity structure stability over time, with 60.1% and 54.5% of farms remaining in this group in 2021 and 2022, respectively. HS3 farms were the least stable, with only 29% retaining their classification by 2022, and had the lowest productivity.
Conclusions
Classifying farms by herd age structure provides valuable insights into how parity distribution influences farm productivity over time and how herd parity structure evolves. HS1 farms achieved the best productivity over the study but require specific management practices to maintain their stability. HS2 remained with the most stable herd structure over time, with intermediate productivity, while HS3 farms showed the worst stability and performance. Thus, HS1 is recommended as the optimal herd age structure for maximizing productivity in the short and medium term. Further research should focus on identifying specific management factors to optimize productivity and ensure long-term herd structure stability of HS1.This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit section.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Primers resultats de la xarxa de noves varietats de favó
No full textEnguany fa 4 anys que es va iniciar la xarxa de varietats comercials de favó. Durant aquest temps s’ha vist que AXEL, PROTHABON 101 i VINICIUS han mostrat un bon comportament productiu, sense diferències significatives entre elles, a les tres zones agroclimàtiques on s’han assajat (litoral de Girona, regadius de Lleida i secans frescals d’Artesa de Segre). La varietat hivernal AXEL és la que ha iniciat els tres casos la floració més tard i la que ha mostrat una mida del gra més petit.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Investigació retrospectiva dels circovirus porcins en casos de la síndrome de dermatitis i nefropatia porcina
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio