30394 research outputs found
Sort by
Créancier auquel l'insaisissabilité est inopposable pendant la liquidation judiciaire, Cass. Com. 20 nov. 2024, n° 23-19.924, F-B
No full textLa distinctivité de la marque sonore trouve le tempo
No full textUne séquence sonore courte, percutante et susceptible comme telle d’être mémorisée peut être distinctive, a fortiori lorsque les habitudes d’un secteur, tel que celui des transports, conduisent les opérateurs à se façonner une identité sonore
Intergroup cooperation and reputation for honesty in an OLG framework
No full textThis paper studies an infinite-horizon framework in which two large populations of players are randomly matched to play a Prisoner’s Dilemma. Each player lives for two consecutive periods: as a young player from one group, and then as an old player in the other group. Each population has a known fraction of honest types—individuals who always cooperate unless paired with a player who has been observed to defect against a cooperating partner in the past. Because such defections (i.e., breakdowns of trust) are publicly observed, any defector risks carrying a stigma into future interactions. We show that when the benefits from defection are sufficiently large, there exists an equilibrium in which an increase in the fraction of honest types can reduce the likelihood of cooperation. Moreover, we demonstrate that introducing imperfect public memory—allowing past misdeeds to be probabilistically “cleared”—does not enhance cooperation
1997 : la révision de la directive « télévision sans frontières » , pour une protection du droit du public à l’information sportive
No full text
Stress discounting - article
No full textStandard evaluations of public policies involve discounting the flow of expected net benefits at a unique discount rate. Consequently, they systematically ignore the insurance benefits of policies that hedge the aggregate risk, and the social cost of projects that raise the aggregate risk. Normative asset pricing theory recommends adjusting the discount rate to the project’s risk, but few countries have attempted to implement this complex solution. We explore the equivalent “stochastic discount factor” approach based on the expected value of its state-contingent NPV, using the relevant state-contingent Ramsey discount rate. Under our “stress discounting” approach, projects are evaluated under two polar risk-free economic scenarios, one business-as-usual scenario, and one low-probability catastrophic scenario. Inspired by the recent asset pricing literature on macro catastrophes, we show that this ap-proach adequately values assets’ risk premia under a minimal, intuitive, and op-erationally simple departure from the standard risk-free approach with a unique discount rate. We carry out benchmarks to check the accuracy of this approach, then apply it to value a nuclear waste disposal
ICS for multivariate functional anomaly detection with applications to predictive maintenance and quality control
No full textInvariant coordinate selection (ICS) is a multivariate data transformation and a dimension reduction method that can be useful in many different contexts. It can be used for outlier detection or cluster identification, and can be seen as an independent component or a non-Gaussian component analysis method. The usual implementation of ICS is based on a joint diagonalization of two scatter matrices, and may be numerically unstable in some ill-conditioned situations. We focus on one-step M-scatter matrices and propose a new implementation of ICS based on a pivoted QR factorization of the centered data set. This factorization avoids the direct computation of the scatter matrices and their inverse and brings numerical stability to the algorithm. Furthermore, the row and column pivoting leads to a rank revealing procedure that allows computation of ICS when the scatter matrices are not full rank. Several artificial and real data sets illustrate the interest of using the new implementation compared to the original one
