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Supplementary description of three species from the subfamily Cecidophyinae (Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from the Nalepa collection
No full textSupplementary descriptions of three cecidophyine species based on topotype specimens recovered from vials from the Nalepa collection kept in the Natural History Museum (Vienna, Austria) are given: Cecidophyes galii (Karpelles 1884) from Asperula aparine M. Bieb. and Galium mollugo L. (Rubiaceae), Chrecidus ruebsaameni (Nalepa 1895) com. nov. (transferred from Cecidophyopsis) from Andromeda polifolia L. (Ericaceae) and Colomerus bucidae (Nalepa 1904) from Bucida buceras L. (Combretaceae). Observations on the morphological variability of Colomerus bucidae from different host plants are given. Morphological differences between two closely related species, Cecidophyes galii and Cecidophyes rouhollahi Craemer 1999 are discussed
New internal primers targeting short fragments of the mitochondrial COI region for archival specimens from the subfamily Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
No full textArchival specimens are a great resource for molecular research in population biology, taxonomy and conservation. A primary goal for researchers is to preserve specimens from collections by improving noninvasive methods for DNA extraction and to achieve successful amplification of the short fragments of a target gene in the event of DNA fragmentation. We tested the suitability of a noninvasive method of DNA extraction and amplification of the barcoding region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidise subunit I from archival specimens of aphid parasitoids belonging to the genera Aphidius, Lysiphlebus and Praon (Aphidiinae, Braconidae, Hymenoptera). Using a commercial kit as a noninvasive method, we successfully extracted DNA from dry 7 to 41 year old samples of 26 different parasitoid species. However, amplification of the barcoding region failed using the standard primer pair LCO1490/HCO2198. In order to reconstruct DNA barcodes we designed internal genus-specific degenerative primers and a new amplification protocol to target the short fragments within the mitochondrial region. Novel primers were designed using as a template the reference sequences from congeners retrieved from the public database. The combination of standard primers with internal primers, in direct and nested amplification reactions, produced short overlapping subsequences, concatenated to recover long barcoding sequences. Additional analyses also confirmed that primers initially designed for Aphidius, Lysiphk.hus and Praon can be combined in a mixture, and successfully used to obtain short fragments of disintegrated DNA from archival specimens of several other braconid species from the genera Ephedrus and Monoctonus
An overview of aquatic vegetation in Serbia
No full textThe majority of aquatic vegetation studies in the Middle Danube Basin (Serbia) were done independently during the last two decades, including data from small areas, which resulted in several classification solutions. The main purpose of this paper was to develop a numerical classification of the aquatic vegetation in Serbia, without fitting the vegetation groups into the existing phytocoenological classification scheme. Datasets of (i) surface and subsurface vegetation of free-floating duckweeds, ferns, liverworts and bladderworts, and (ii) vegetation of free-floating hydrocharids, submerged occasionally anchored ceratophyllids and rooted aquatic vegetation were compiled from phytocoenological releves (974). In order to fill the geographical and methodological gaps of these datasets, additional data matrix (iii) was compiled from sample quadrats (1055), collected during the aquatic vegetation season (summer months) of 2009, 2010 and 2011 at 31 lakes in Serbia. The datasets were analyzed using SYN-TAX 5.1 program, by non-metric hierarchical clustering OrdClAn and the Goodman-Kruskal's gamma resemblance coefficient. The cluster analysis revealed 28 aquatic vegetation groups (VG), of which three have been recognized as new vegetation units for the area of study: VG dominated by Vallisneria spiralis and Potamogeton perfoliatus, VG characterized by Polygonum amphibium and VG with Paspalum paspaloides as a constant. Geographical ranges and constant, diagnostic and dominant species of vegetation groups were determined
Seed Quality of Vetch (Vicia sativa) affected by Different Seed Colors and Sizes after Various Storage Periods
No full textIn many regions worldwide, vetch is an important forage crops for the production of fibrous feed. Vetch seed available on the south-eastern Europe market often differ in the size, colour and age, hence seed quality and seedling vigour are questionable. Seed samples of two vetch varieties were drawn from three lots during two years. According to these samples, seeds were classified into groups of three sizes and three colours. The effect of the seed size and colour on seed quality and seedling vigour was estimated immediately after harvest, and then nine, 21 and 33 months after harvest. The determined effects of seed size, colour and age, as well as of their interactions on seed quality and seedling vigour were significant. On the other hand, years, varieties, lots and their interactions did not significantly affect seed quality and seedling vigour. There were no significant differences in seed quality and seedling vigour over nine, 21 and 33 month storage periods, but the ageing test showed the significant differences among the duration of storage. Germination and vigour of seedlings were significantly higher in large seeds. Pale seeds had better quality after nine and 21 month storage period (time when the seed in the second year after harvesting should be sown), while seed quality was greater in dark seeds after 33 months of storage (time when the seed in the third year after harvesting should be sown). (C) 2018 Friends Science Publisher
Prinos različitih populacija bundeve (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) u organskom sistemu gajenja
No full textThe yield components of pumpkin seeds and fruits were examined in Stara Pazova in period 2016-2017. Different pumpkin populations were enrolled in the study, grown at following locations in Serbia: Šabac, Šumadija and Negotin. Pumpkin originating in Šumadija was found to produce highest seed yield (0.738 t haι) and possess greatest average seed mass per fruit (110.7 g). Highest fruit yield (95.1 t haι) and greatest fruit mass (14.5 kg) were recorded in population from Šabac. A significant correlation (p ≤ 0.001) was found between fruit yield and fruit mass, as well as between seed yield and seed mass per fruit. Based on two-year experiment, following conclusions can be drawn: origin of population greatly affects all components of seed and fruit yield; high yields of seeds in Northern Serbia can be produced by cultivating population from Šumadija, whereas high yields of fruits can be produced by cultivating population from Šabac.Istraživanje komponenti prinosa semena i ploda populacija bele bundeve ispitivane su tokom 2016. i 2017. godine na lokaciji severne Srbije u Staroj Pazovi. Za istraživanje korišćene su populacije bele bundeve poreklom sa tri različita lokaliteta iz Srbije: zapadna (Šabac), centralna (Šumadija) i istočna (Negotin). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da poreklo populacije značajno (r lt 0,01) utiče na sve komponente prinosa bundeve. Kod populacije poreklom iz Šumadije utvrđen je najveći prinos semena (0,738 t haι) i najveća prosečna masa semena po plodu (110,7 g), dok je najveći ukupan prinos ploda bundeve (95,1 t haι) i najveća prosečna masa ploda (14,3 kg) konstatovana kod populacije iz Šabca. Zabeležena je visoka korelaciona zavisnost (p≤0,001) između ukupnog prinosa ploda i prosečne mase ploda, kao i kod ukupnog prinosa semena i prosečne mase semena po plodu. Na osnovu rezultata dvogodišnjih istraživanja uticaja populacije i ekoloških uslova na komponente prinosa semena i ploda bundeve, možemo izvesti sledeće zaključke: - poreklo populacija bundeve značajno utiče na sve komponente prinosa za dobijanje visokih prinosa semena bundeve u uslovima severne Srbije možemo preporučiti populaciju poreklom iz Šumadije, dok za proizvodnju ploda treba gajiti populaciju bundeve iz Šabca
Kvalitet biomase različitih genotipova energetske vrste Panicum virgatum L. za ishranu životinja
No full textSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) originates from North America as one of the species found in the highland prairie. As an energy crop, it has great potential and is widely used in developed countries. It can be used for erosion prevention (due to a strong root system), bird feeding, and landscape architectural purposes (as an ornamental species). In low-quality soils, switchgrass provides protection against erosion and grass cover for grazing. In this paper, we examined the biomass quality of 14 genotypes of switchgrass for animal feed. The cutting of switchgrass was performed on the same day, including all the genotypes examined (mostly in the pre-flowering stage, or at the beginning of flowering). The following parameters of switchgrass biomass quality were analysed: crude protein, crude cellulose, fat content, ash content, NFE, ADF and NDF. In Serbia, this species can be a component of grass mixtures used in lesser quality soils and under dry agroecological conditions.Vrsta Panicum virgatum L. (engleski - switchgrass) potiče iz Severne Amerike gde je široko rasprostranjena i jedna je od dominantnih vrsta u visokotravnoj preriji. Prirodna oblast prostiranja ove vrste je od 55o Severne geografske širine pa sve do centalnog Meksika, što znači da je prilagođena na širok raspon zemljišnih i kimatskih uslova. Kao energetski usev, ispoljila je veliki potencijal i uveliko se koristi kako u Americi, tako i u razvijenim zemljama Evrope. Može se koristiti u zaštiti od erozije zbog jakog korenovog sistema. Koristi se u pejzažnoj arhitekturi kao dekorativna vrsta, dok se seme koristi za ishranu ptica. Pošto dobro uspeva i na zemljištima slabijeg kvaliteta, može se koristiti i za ispašu naročito na nepristupačnim, kamenitim i peskovitim terenima gde ima dvojaku ulogu: kao zaštita od erozije i kao travni pokrivač za ispašu. U Americi se koristi za zasnivanje višekomponentnih sejanih pašnjaka zbog sposobnosti proizvodnje zelene mase tokom toplih letnjih meseci kada su ostale travne komponente u smeši malo ili nimalo produktivne. U srpskom jeziku ne postoji poseban naziv za ovu vrstu. Grupa autora je predložila naziv 'prerijsko proso' kao srpski prevod za englesku reč 'switchgrass' (Janković et al., 2017). U Institutu za krmno bilje postoji kolekcija energetskih vrsta trava poreklom iz SAD. U ovom radu je ispitivan kvalitet biomase četrnaest genotipova vrste Panicum virgatum. Košenje je izvršeno u jednom roku, kada su svi genotipovi bili u fazi pred klasanje ili na početku klasanja. Uzorci za ispitivanje kvaliteta uzeti su odmah posle košenja. Ispitivani su parametri kvaliteta biomase: sirovi proteini, sirova celuloza, sadržaj masti, sadržaj pepela, BEM, ADF i NDF. U našoj zemlji ova vrsta može biti jedna od komponenti u travnim smešama na zemljištima slabijeg kvaliteta i za sušne agroekološke uslove. Naravno, potrebna su dalja laboratorijska i poljska ispitivanja u našim uslovima
Grain filling parameters of two- and six-rowed barley genotypes in terminal drought conditions
No full textAfter the kernel number per spike has been formed during the vegetative stage, grain weight depends on the rate and duration of grain filling. Drought and high temperatures during the grain filling stage frequently occurs in the majority of barley growing regions worldwide. To investigate impact of terminal drought stress on grain filling parameters and grain yield, 15 two- and 10 six-rowed barley genotypes were tested in two-year field trials, set in two locations with two treatments. One treatment was control (C), while in the other treatment (D) terminal drought was simulated by mechanical removal of all leaf blades 7 days after heading of each genotype. In average, defoliation caused reduction of yield (33%), grain filling rate (12%) and 1000-kernel weight (11%). In both treatments, grain yield and the absolute grain filling rate were higher in two-rowed barley genotypes than in six-rowed ones. In both treatments, the correlation was stronger between yield and grain filling duration than between yield and the grain filling rate. The correlation between average yield and grain filling duration was stronger in the D than in the C treatment. According to the results obtained for terminal drought conditions, breeders should create early maturing genotypes of two-rowed type, with a longer grain filling duration and the gradual accumulation of dry matter
New species and records of phytoptids (Eriophyoidea, Phytoptidae) from cinquefoils (Rosaceae, Potentilla) from Serbia and southern Russia
No full textTwo new vagrant species of the genus Phytoptus Dujardin (Eriophyoidea, Phytoptidae, Phytoptinae) from Serbia are described: Phytoptus argenteus n. sp. from Potentilla argentea and P. serbicus n. sp. from Potentilla tommasiniana. Remarks on morphology of Phytoptus alchemillae Joele et al. 2011 collected from Alchemilla plicata in Serbia and supplementary description of infrequently encountered species Phytoptus potentillae Chen et al. 2005 from Potentilla bifurca (Poaceae) based on mummies recovered from dry plant material from southern Russia are given. Sequences of mtCOI barcode region (658 bp) of three Phytoptus species (P. alchemillae, P. argenteus n. sp., and P. serbicus n. sp.) are provided. A brief comparison of pairwise genetic distances between congeneric eriophyoid mites across taxa of Eriophyoidea (including genus Phytoptus) indicates that COI sequences of congeneric eriophyoid mites do not precisely reflect phylogenetic relations of their hosts. This fact may be explained by (a) different rate of the COI evolution in different mite clades associated with phylogenetically related and unrelated hosts or by (b) similar timing of the associations between mites and plants (while having the same rate of COI evolution)
Detection of QoI fungicide resistant Cercospora beticola airborne inoculum using quantitative PCR
No full textMorphological characters of immature stages of Palaearctic species of Cleopomiarus and Miarus and their systematic value in Mecinini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)
No full textThe relationship between the genera Cleopomiarus and Miarus of Mecinini (Curculionidae, Curculioninac) was tested on the basis of morphological characters from the immature stages. The mature larvae of five Cleopomiarus species (C. distinctus (Boheman, 1845), C. graminis (Gyllenhal, 1813), C. longirostris (Gyllenhal, 1838), C. medius (Desbrochers des Loges, 1893), and C. meridionalis (H. Brisout de Barneville, 1863)), three Miarus species (M. abnormis Solari, 1947, M. ajugae (Herbst, 1795), and M. campanulae (Linnaeus, 1767)), and the pupae of four Cleopomiarus species (C. distinct us, C. graminis, C. longirostris, and C. medius) and two Miarus species (M. abnormis and M. ajugae) are described in detail for the first time. To confirm the taxonomic identification of some larvae, DNA COI barcode was obtained and compared with those of adults. The immature stages of the species herein studied were compared with those known from other genera in tribe Mecinini. It is suggested that Miarus and Cleopomiarus may be monophyletic based on several shared distinctive characters. Larvae of Miarus have a characteristic maxil-lary mala with six finger-like dms of two sizes (one or two elms very long and the rest of medium length), this feature being apparently unique among weevils. Other genus-specific character states are observed in the pupae, such as the length of setae on the head, rostrum and pronotum, including the number of rs on the rostrum, ds on pronotum, and finally the shape of the urogomphi. A key to the described larvae and pupae were respectively presented. New biological and distributional data on some species are reported