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Biology and host specificity of Rhinusa pilosa, a recommended biological control agent of Linaria vulgaris
No full textLinaria vulgaris Mill. (Plantaginaceae), common or yellow toadflax, is a Eurasian short-lived perennial forb invasive throughout temperate North America. Rhinusa pilosa (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is a univoltine shoot-galling weevil found exclusively on L. vulgaris in Europe. Under no-choice test conditions, 13 non-native Linaria species exposed to R. pilosa were accepted for oviposition and most were found to be suitable, to varying degrees, for gall and larval development. Adult feeding and survival was minimal on native North American species in the plant tribe Antirrhineae which includes the target plant. In no-choice tests with 63 native North American species and 24 other non-target species outside Linaria, oviposition was limited to four native North American species. Only three larvae developed to the adult stage on Sairocarpus virga (A. Gray) D.A. Sutton, with no negative impact on plant growth. Risks to native flora from the release of R. pilosa are therefore expected to be minimal. The Technical Advisory Group for the Biological Control of Weeds (TAG-BCW) has recommended release of R. pilosa in September 2013
Kvalitetna svojstva semena pšenice ovršene na mobilnoj vršalici 'Ernet' tip V-08
No full textThe examination results on threshing ten wheat varieties on the reconstructed mobile thresher 'Ernet' type V-08 in small experimental plots in the village Globoder are presented in this paper. The threshing process is an integral part of the collection of seed wheat and was conducted on experimental plots immediately after the manual mowing of the crops. During the testing the following qualitative characteristics of each variety were determined: seed moisture, weight of 1000 grains, hectoliter mass, germination energy and germination. The thresher's cleaning quality was determined by taking the average sample from the bags in which the seeds were collected after threshing. The samples were taken in the process of threshing wheat in the experimental fields, and then in the laboratory of the Institute for Forage Crops in Globoder-Krusevac clean and broken seed, other varieties, inert matter and weed were subsequently separated for each cultivar. The study aim was to examine the quality of different varieties wheat seed, as well as practical application and evaluation of the operating quality of the reconstructed mobile thresher, 'Ernet' type V-08.U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja pri vršidbi deset sorata pšenice na rekonstruisanoj mobilnoj vršalici 'Ernet' tip V-08 na malim oglednim parcelama u ataru sela Globoder. Proces vršidbe je sastavni deo ubiranja semenske pšenice i obavljen je na oglednim parcelama odmah nakon ručnog košenja useva. Pri ispitivanju za svaku sortu određena su sledeća kvalitativna svojstva: vlažnost semena, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa, energija klijanja i klijavost. Kvalitet čišćenja vršalice određivan je uzimanjem prosečnog uzorka iz kesica u koje je seme prikupljeno nakon vršidbe. Uzorci su uzimani u procesu vršidbe pšenice na oglednim poljima, a zatim u laboratoriji Instituta za krmno bilje u Globoderu-Kruševcu naknadno je za svaku sortu izdvojeno čisto i polomljeno seme, druge vrste, inertne materije i korov. Cilj ispitivanja bio je ispitivanje kvaliteta semena pšenice različitih sorata, kao ipraktičnaprimena i ocena kvaliteta rada vršidbenog uređaja rekonstruisane mobilne vršalice 'Ernet' tip V-08
First Report of 16SrXII-A Subgroup Phytoplasma (Stolbur) Associated with Reddening of Oenothera biennis in Serbia
No full textPrimena mezotriona u kombinaciji sa terbutilazinom, nikosulfuronom i S-metolahlorom u kukuruzu
No full textThe paper examines the efficacy and selectivity of mesotrione in combination with terbuthylazine, nicosulfuron and S-metolachlor in maize crops. The studies were conducted during 2014, in two localities, and the following herbicides were applied: Mezotrion 100 g/L OD (mesotrione) in quantities of 1.0 and 1.2 L/ha; Egnit OD (mesotrione + nicosulfuron) in quantities of 1.0 and 1.2 L/ha; CA0914MT (mesotrione + terbuthylazine) in quantities of 1.75, 2.0 and 2.3 L/ha; S metolahlor 375 g/L + Terbutilazin 125 g/L + Mezotrion 37.5 g/L (mesotrione + terbuthylazine + S-metolachlor) in quantity of 3.5 L/ha. The efficacy of the herbicides applied was assessed 3 weeks after the application. Mesotrione has shown high efficacy in the control of the following species: Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hybridum, Cirsium arvense, Datura stramonium, Solanum nigrum, Sinapis arvensis and Xanthium strumarium. For Abutilon theophrasti, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bilderdykia convolvulus, Lactuca serriola, Polygonum aviculare and Polygonum lapathifolim high efficacy was confirmed only in higher quantities of application (1.2 L/ha). In combination with terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor the efficacy was significantly improved for Echinochloa crusgalli, Hibiscus trionum, Setaria glauca and Sorghum halepense (s), while in the combination with nicosufuron the efficacy was also increased for the Johnoson grass developed from rhizome. For the species like Convolvulus arvensis and Cynodon dactilon none of the applied herbicide combinations was efficient enough. At the same time, mesotrione alone, or in combination with terbuthylazine, nicosulfuron and S-metolachlor, has shown good selectivity towards maize.U radu je praćena efikasnost i selektivnost mezotriona u kombinaciji sa terbutilazinom, nikosulfuronom i S-metolahlorom u usevu kukuruza. Ispitivanja su obavljena tokom 2014. godine, na dva lokaliteta, a primenjeni su herbicidi Mezotrion 100 g/L OD (mezotrion) u količini 1,0 i 1,2 L/ha; Egnit OD (mezotrion+nikosulfuron) u količini 1,0 i 1,2 L/ha; CA0914MT (mezotrion + terbutilazin) u količini 1,75, 2,0 i 2,3 L/ha; S metolahlor 375 g/L + Terbutilazin 125 g/L + Mezotrion 37,5 g/L (mezotrion+terbutilazin+S metolahlor) u količini 3,5 L/ha. Efikasnost herbicida ocenjena je 3 nedelje nakon primene herbicida. Mezotrion je ispoljio visoku efikasnost u suzbijanju vrsta: Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hybridum, Cirsium arvense, Datura stramonium, Solanum nigrum, Sinapis arvensis i Xanthium strumarium. Za vrste Abutilon theophrasti, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bilderdykia convolvulus, Lactuca serriola, Polygonum aviculare i Polygonum lapathifolim visoka efikasnost utvrđena je samo kod veće količine primene (1,2 L/ha). U kombinaciji sa terbutilazinom i S metolahlorom značajno je povećana efikasnost za Echinochloa crusgalli, Hibiscus trionum, Setaria glauca i Sorghum halepense (s), dok se u kombinaciji sa nikosulfuronom efikasnost povećana i za rizomski sirak. Za vrste kao što su Convolvulus arvensis i Cynodon dactilon ni jedna od primenjenih kombinacija herbicida nije bila dovoljno efikasna. Istovremeno, mezotrion sam ili u kombinaciji sa terbutilazinom, nikosulfuronom i S metolahlorom, je pokazuo dobru selektivnost prema kukuruzu
Uticaj drugih đubriva i specijalnih proizvoda na hortikulturne biljke 2. - prinos, pomološke i biohemijske karakteristike plodova jabuka
No full textOne way of fast and effective impact on yield, pomological and biochemical properties of apple fruits is foliar fertilization. Thus, the fruit efficiently recharge poorly mobile secondary and micronutrients, and so the plant protects against environmental stress in sensitive developmental stages. The last hypothesis we checked during the second part of the growing seasons of 2014, which were characteristic of abundant precipitation during the first part of the season. The experiment was set in 19th May 2014, in the 18 years old apple (Malus domestica L. cv. 'Idared') orchard by a block system (10-12 trees per treatment), at a density of 1300 trees per ha. Treatments (19th May and 3rd Jun of 2014) per blocks were: control, 'Eco-Fus' (45 ml; based on algae extract), 'Vegard' (48 ml), 'Calbit-C' (20 ml), 'Zircon' (2,4 ml), 'Cropmax' (40 ml), (all based on plant extracts), 'Chitosan' (8 ml; based on shellfish extract), all dissolved in 8 l of water. The samples for biochemical analysis (determination the pH value and coefficient of refraction of the fruit extracts) were taken on 19th May, 3rd June, 2nd July, and on 9th September, when estimated yield. The yield was estimated by counting fruits on the tree in each block-treatment, followed by sampling a large number of fruits (20 and over), measuring their weight and multiplication, in order to estimate the yield per tree and per ha. All of the tested fertilizers in the given conditions are significantly higher estimated yield than in the control plants. Estimated yield of treated plants increased from +28.93% ('Calbit-C' fertilizer) to +253.26% ('Chitosan' fertilizer) per tree, ie. from +26.52% ('Calbit-C' fertilizer) to +253.27% ('Chitosan' fertilizer) per hectare, all relative to control. The average fruit weight was not significantly varied between treatments (200-230 g), but the number of fruits per tree is very influenced by the type of fertilizer, particularly in the case of 'Chitosan' fertilizer. It should be noted that the type of fertilizer affects the coefficient of refraction of the fruit extracts, particularly in the case of 'Eco-Fus' fertilizer.Ogled je zasnovan 19.05.2014. u voćnjaku sa 18 godina starim stablima jabuke (Malus domestica L.; cv. 'Idared'), po blok sistemu i pri gustini od 1300 stabala/ha. Tretmani po blokovima su bili: Kontrola (bez tretmana), 'Eco-Fus' (đubrivo na bazi ekstrakta algi), 'Vegard', 'Calbit-C', 'Zircon', 'Cropmax', (sva đubriva na bazi biljnih ekstrakata), 'Chitosan' (homeopatski proizvod na bazi ekstrakta morskih školjki), pri čemu su đubriva rastvarana u vodi. Uzorci za biohemijsku analizu (određivanje pH vrednosti i koeficijenta refrakcije ekstrakta pulpe ploda jabuke) uzimani su četiri puta, sve do procene prinosa. Prinos je procenjivan brojanjem plodova na stablima u svakom blok-tretmanu, posle čega je sledilo uzorkovanje većeg broja plodova po blok-tretmanu, merenje težina plodova i multiplikacija težine sa brojem plodova po stablu, radi procene prinosa po stablu i po standardnoj površini (ha). Sva testirana đubriva u datim agroekološkim uslovima značajno su uvećala prinos jabuka odnosno kontrole (od +28.93% ('Calbit-C'), do +253.26% ('Chitosan') po stablu, tj. (od +26.52% ('Calbit-C'), do +253.27% ('Chitosan') po standardnoj površini (ha). Srednja masa plodova nije značajnije varirala između tretmana, ali broj plodova po stablu jeste, zavisno od tretmana, posebno u slučaju đubriva 'Chitosan'. Vidno je da tip đubriva utiče na koeficijent refrakcije ekstrakta pulpe plodova, posebno u slučaju đubriva 'Eco-Fus'
Discriminatory concentration assay to detection of low and high benzimidazole resistant isolates of Cercospora beticola
No full textInfluence of sugar beet cultivar resistance to Cercospora leaf spot threshold-reach and disease management
No full textFirst Report of Stolbur Phytoplasma Associated with Maize Redness Disease of Maize in Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textPrerada biološki razgradivog otpada primenom aerobnog fermentatora EWA
No full textThe paper presents research results obtained in the process of processing biodegradable wastes, resulting from agricultural production as well as municipal waste. Aerobic fermenter EWA (stationed within the Institute for Forage Crops Globoder- Kruševac) was using for this purpose, during the one month testing. Biodegradable material with different ratios of components was used for filling aerobic digester. EWA fermenter is certified device that is used to stabilize and hygienic disposal of biodegradable waste, including sewage sludge and animal products produced in accordance with European Union regulations. Fermenter is intended to be used for combustion in boilers for solid fuels with humidity of biomaterials below 30%.Rad prikazuje rezultate istraživanja koji su dobijeni pri procesu prerade biološki razgradivog otpada dobijenog iz poljoprivredne proizvodnje, kao i komunalnog otpada primenom aerobnog fermentatora EWA (češke proizvodnje stacioniranog u krugu Instituta za krmno bilje u Globoderu-Kruševcu). U toku jednomesečnog ispitivanja vršeno je punjenje aerobnog fermentatora biološki razgradivim materijalom s različitim odnosom komponenata. EWA fermentator je sertifikovan uređaj koji se koristi za stabilizaciju i higijenizaciju biorazgradivog otpada, uključujući kanalizacioni mulj i proizvode životinjskog porekla proizveden u skladu sa propisima Evropske Unije. Fermentator može da se koristi i za dobijanje biogoriva namenjenog za sagorevanje u kotlovima za čvrsta goriva pri čemu je vlažnost biomaterijala koji se koristi ispod 30%
Ispitivanje otpornosti sorata kruške prema Erwinia amylovora metodom inokulacije nesazrelih plodova
No full textSusceptibility of different pear cultivars to Erwinia amaylovora by artificial inoculated immature pear fruits are shown in this article. According obtained results significant differences among cultivars are confirmed and they could be divided in four groups. Most susceptibly cultivars were Santa Marija. Second group includes Williams, Morettini, Carmen, Hardenpont. As most resistant shown to be Magness, Turandot and two local varietyies Karamanka, as well as another unknown local cultivar. This results are compatible with literature data, but also confirmed observations about susceptibility of various pear cultivars to E. amylovora under natural infections. Artificial inoculation immature pear fruit could be considered as relativelu relible method for estimation of pear fruit trees resistance to this bacteria.U radu je prikazana reakcija plodova različitih sorata kruške prema Erwinia amylovora metodom inokulacije nesazrelih plodova. Utvrđeno je da postoje značajne razlike u osetljivosti raznih sorata kruške prema patogenu i one se mogu podeliti u četiri grupe prema korišćenoj skali. Najosetljivijom se pokazala sorta Santa Marija. Nešto manju osetljivost ispoljile su sorte Vilijamova, Moretini, Karmen i Hardenpont; najotpornijim su se pokazale Magnes, Turandot, Junska Lepotica, Karamanka i nepoznata autohtona sorta. Prema dosadašnjim saznanjima ovi rezultati su u saglasnosti sa podacima iz literature i zapažanjima o otpornosti sorti kruške prema E. amylovora, primenom metode inokulacije plodova. Istraživanja su pokazala da se ovakav metod utvrđivanja otpornosti kruške prema E. amylovora sa relativnom pouzdanošću može koristiti u ove svrhe