Aomori University of Health and Welfare

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    A postscript by the editor

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    publisher青

    Development of a critical pathway for diabetes care within home care nursing for the elderly : Development of a proposed critical pathway and the results of a trial using it

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    publisher青森The purpose of this study was to develop a proposed critical pathway (CP) for diabetic care in home care nursing for the elderly and examine the possibilies for its use. . The following 3-Step were contained in the methodology; [Step 1: Survey of home care nursing records and interview survey of visiting nurses], [Step2: Development of a proposed CP and method of reaching a consensus with experts], [Step 3: Trial application of the developed proposed CP]. 42 visiting nurses participated and used the proposed CP as a trial and their evaluations of the 12 endpoints are presented. As a result these 4 endpoints accounted for 60 ~70% of the total responses, "effect on the prevention of acute diabetic complications", "implementation of diabetic care needed", "use for the evaluation of diabetic care" and "thorough assessment of diabetic care";. The endpoints with lowest rates of responses were "reduction in time for keeping nursing records" (11.9%) followed by "applicability of a care protocol (including the CP) in the station" (28.6%) and "promotion of collaboration with professionals from other fields" (33.3%).Based on the above results, the usefulness of the developed CP for diabetic care was evaluated highly. The above results suggest that the CP developed in the present study can be applied if the process of diabetic care in home care nursing for the elderly and its endpoints of the CP are refined, and also if the roles of medical institutions and home care nursing are clarified. 本研究は訪問看護師の糖尿病ケアの標準化に向けて、高齢者訪問看護における糖尿病ケアのクリティカルパス(CP)原案を開発するとともに、その適用可能性について検討することを目的とした。 CP原案は縦軸に「血糖値に関する問題の解決」、「薬物管理」、「血糖モニタリング」、「合併症のリスク管理」、「食事」、「身体活動」、「心理社会適応」の7つのケア領域、横軸にケアプロセスを設定した。訪問看護師42名にCP原案を試用してもらいアンケート調査を行った結果、「糖尿病急性合併症の予防の効果」、「必要とされる糖尿病ケアの実施」、「糖尿病ケアの評価への活用」について約70%の訪問看護師が有用であると評価した。一方、「看護記録の記録時間の短縮」11.9%、「ステーションでのCPの活用可能性」28.6%、「他職種との連携の促進」33.3%と評価が低かった。以上のことから、CP原案の試用により糖尿病ケアの有用性は示されたが、 CPの項目の精練化、アセスメントおよびケアの頻度、医療機関と訪問看護の役割の明確化の必要性が示唆された

    -The practice of suicide prevention in Aomori Prefecture and issues that have to be tackled in future-

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    publisher青

    Factors affecting the stress responses of mothers who care for a person with severe mental retardation at home : causal analysis using structural equation modeling

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    Department of Physical Therapy, Aomori University of Health and Welfare本論文の著作権は、日本保健福祉学会が有します。The effects of problem behavior of persons with severe mental retardation at home, caregiver burden and positive affect of their mothers as the primary caregivers on the stress responses of mothers were investigated. The results of analysis using structural equation modeling from 20 mothers suggest that problem behavior has an effect on the burden of caregiver mothers and that the care burden enhances stress responses such as anxiety, burnout and depression. These results were confirmed by subjective complaints of mothers obtained from open questions. In contrast, it was also shown that a positive affective state reduced the stress response. Mothers requested participation in parents' associations and utilized facilities for persons with mental retardation. It was suggested that these social resources were useful to reduce the caregiver burden and the stress responses and enhance a positive affective state. However, at present, local welfare services mentioned above are inadequate for persons with mental retardation and their mothers. Therefore, the social support system should be promoted in order to meet these social welfare needs of persons with severe mental retardation and their mothers to assist them

    -The practice of suicide prevention in Aomori Prefecture and issues that have to be tackled in future-

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    publisher青

    Contents

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    An introduction and a use of mutual learning support systems by CMS

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    publisher青森 e-Learningは多くの労力や費用を掛けて実現されている。e-Learningが対面型授業の代替と考えられているからこそ、このコストは引き受けられているのであろう。しかし、対面型授業を代替するようなe-Learningは安定稼働以降でも教授者の大きな負担が必要であることはあまり知られていない。しかも、教授者が適切な運用を怠れば受講者の学習継続率は極めて低いと言われている。著者らはe-Learningを対面型授業の代替ではなく補完と捉え、対面型授業をコンテンツ化する事を目的とするのではなく、授業のフォローアップに限定することで、少ない労力と費用で小規模でも有用なものを実現できると考えた。そこで、低スペックのサーバに、オープンソースのCMS(Contents Management System)を用いてフォーラム機能のみを実装し、(1)高等専門学校の学生が数学の学習につまずいた際の質問対応、(2)大学のセミナー科目での価値観を伴う議論の場、(3)遠方から通学する社会人大学院生に対する統計学の質問対応のそれぞれに使用を試みた。CMSはWebサイトを管理するための道具である。道具は、扱う対象が適切かどうか、扱い方が適切であるかどうかで有効性は大きく異なる。今回は、上記の3ケースで利用し、(1)、(2)のような数学的問題については有効性の手ごたえを得た。特に(3)のような距離的時間的制約のある場合には高い有効性を持つ。一方、(2)のケースでは、ネット上でのトラブルが頻繁に報道される現状では逆に議論をしにくくなる可能性が示されただけでなく、議論のテーマの違いが投稿数に影響を与えるなど、必ずしもクールな媒体ではない可能性が示された

    The process and problems of local network forming which supporting life-long learning of people with intellectual disabilities − the case of Aomori-city −

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    publisher青森 青森県における地域の知的障害のある人の生涯学習活動や、特別支援学校における青年学級の課題として、運営体制の不安定さ、人材や財源の確保の問題がある。この問題に関係する教育・福祉行政においても知的障害のある人の生涯学習を基本計画に位置づけている自治体は少なく、事業の取り組みも少ない。それは、学習ニーズが行政に伝わっておらず、関係する機関の連携が出来ていないためである。そこで本研究では、アクションリサーチとして、関係する機関・団体が集まる会議を開催し、そこでの議論の内容から地域におけるネットワークづくりの展望と実際的な課題を明らかにした。その議論の過程で導かれたネットワーク像は、民の力を主導として行政もかかわるネットワークであり、学習にかかわる内容に限定しない生活全般にかかわる情報をふくみ、関係する人(本人・団体・機関)が緩やかにつながる「居場所」としての場である。 In Aomori prefecture, some volunteer supported, life-long learning activities for those with intellectual disabilities and special classes for youth with intellectual disabilities in school, have problems with unstable management, staff and funds. Education and welfare administrations do not have sufficient plans or projects to deal with these problems. Local governments are unaware of the needs of these programs and there is little cooperation between public institutions and local associations. In this study, as an action research, we held a meeting for members of public institutions and local associations to consider the prospects and problems with forming a local network of support. The consensus showed that both the private sector and government administration should takes part in the network. A network that connects people with intellectual disabilities to public institutions and local associations safely. Here they would share information on not only education but on issues dealing with independent living skills

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    publisher青

    Report of short-term overseas studies

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