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Geography’s ‘To Be or Not to Be’ in Upper Secondary Education(English) : A Study on Teachers’, Experts’ and Decision-Makers’ Views on the Absence of Geography and Its Consequences for General Knowledge(English)
No full textDenna studie undersöker konsekvenserna av att geografiämnet inte är obligatoriskt på svenska gymnasieskolor, särskilt i relation till allmänbildningens utveckling. Syftet är att förstå vilka effekter denna prioritering har på elevers geografiska kunskaper och deras förmåga att koppla samman olika aspekter av geografi. Studien använder en metodtriangulering som inkluderar ett quiz för att mäta geografiska kunskaper hos allmänheten, djupintervjuer med geografilärare, experter och beslutsfattare, samt en konceptuell analys av återkommande teman. Resultaten visar att geografiämnet har fragmenterats i små delar, vilket gör det svårt för elever att skapa sammanhang och helhetsförståelse, vilket är något som geografiämnet kan bidra med. Det framkommer även att reflekterande och analyserande geografiska kunskaper är en bristvara, vilket påverkar det allmänbildande formandet av medborgare. Detta belyser även aktiva lärare, experter och beslutsfattare som en stor förlust. Vidare framkommer att politiska beslut har en avgörande roll för ämnets ställning i skolan, vilket påverkar hur allmänbildning prioriteras. Studien belyser behovet av vidare forskning om ämnesurvalets betydelse för bildning och medborgarskap samtidigt som studien kommit fram till många intressanta resultat.This study examines the consequences of geography not being a mandatory subject in Swedish upper secondary schools, particularly in relation to the development of general knowledge. The aim is to understand the effects of this prioritization on students’ geographical knowledge and their ability to connect different aspects of geography. The study employs a triangulation of methods, including a quiz to assess the public's geographical knowledge, in-depth interviews with geography teachers, experts, and policymakers, as well as a conceptual analysis of recurring themes. The findings reveal that geography as a subject has been fragmented into smaller components, making it difficult for students to form connections and a holistic understanding—something that geography as a discipline can uniquely provide. It also emerges that the lack of reflective and analytical geographical knowledge is a significant shortcoming, which affects the development of general education among citizens. Active teachers, experts, and policymakers also highlight this as a major loss. Furthermore, it is evident that political decisions play a critical role in determining the subject’s status in schools, thereby influencing how general knowledge is prioritized. The study highlights the need for further research on the significance of subject selection for education and citizenship
Sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av palliativ vård i hemmet : Allmän litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Palliativ vård syftar till att lindra lidande och främja livskvalitet för patienter i livets slutskede. Palliativ vård ska ges med respekt och på lika villkor till alla individen oavsett religion, kön, etnicitet. I framtiden förväntas allt fler patienter önska få dö hemma, vilket ställer ökade krav inom arbetet. Sjuksköterskor inom palliativ vård har en avgörande roll i att erbjuda en god personcentrerad vård till patienten samt stödja närstående genom vårdprocessen. Syfte: Syftet med allmän litteraturöversikt är att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att ge palliativ vår i hemmet. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes baserad på elva kvalitativa artiklar som inhämtades via databaserna Cinahl och PubMed. Analysen genomfördes enligt Fribergs (2022) som identifierade olika kategorier. Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier: Utmaningar hos sjuksköterskor, Vårdrelation och samverkan samt Vårdmiljö och sju underkategorier: kompetensbrist, resursbrist, etiska dilemman, sjuksköterskans relation till patienten och närstående, interprofessionellt samarbete, hemmet som vårdplats och utskrivning från sjukhuset till hemmet. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor upplever både psykiska och fysiska utmaningar inom palliativ vård i hemmet, trots att arbetet ofta upplevs som meningsfullt. Genom att upprätthåller en god kommunikation i teamet skapar det en trygg vårdprocess. Det är avgörande för sjuksköterskor att bygga en förtroendefull relation med både patienten och de närstående för att kunna skapa en värdig vård i hemmet.
Environmental consequences of interacting effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, ultraviolet radiation, and climate : UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2024
No full textThis Assessment Update by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) addresses the interacting effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and climate on the environment and human health. These include new modelling studies that confirm the benefits of the Montreal Protocol in protecting the stratospheric ozone layer and its role in maintaining a stable climate, both at low and high latitudes. We also provide an update on projected levels of solar UV-radiation during the twenty-first century. Potential environmental consequences of climate intervention scenarios are also briefly discussed, illustrating the large uncertainties of, for example, Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI). Modelling studies predict that, although SAI would cool the Earth's surface, other climate factors would be affected, including stratospheric ozone depletion and precipitation patterns. The contribution to global warming of replacements for ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are assessed. With respect to the breakdown products of chemicals under the purview of the Montreal Protocol, the risks to ecosystem and human health from the formation of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as a degradation product of ODS replacements are currently de minimis. UV-radiation and climate change continue to have complex interactive effects on the environment due largely to human activities. UV-radiation, other weathering factors, and microbial action contribute significantly to the breakdown of plastic waste in the environment, and in affecting transport, fate, and toxicity of the plastics in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and the atmosphere. Sustainability demands continue to drive industry innovations to mitigate environmental consequences of the use and disposal of plastic and plastic-containing materials. Terrestrial ecosystems in alpine and polar environments are increasingly being exposed to enhanced UV-radiation due to earlier seasonal snow and ice melt because of climate warming and extended periods of ozone depletion. Solar radiation, including UV-radiation, also contributes to the decomposition of dead plant material, which affects nutrient cycling, carbon storage, emission of greenhouse gases, and soil fertility. In aquatic ecosystems, loss of ice cover is increasing the area of polar oceans exposed to UV-radiation with possible negative effects on phytoplankton productivity. However, modelling studies of Arctic Ocean circulation suggests that phytoplankton are circulating to progressively deeper ocean layers with less UV irradiation. Human health is also modified by climate change and behaviour patterns, resulting in changes in exposure to UV-radiation with harmful or beneficial effects depending on conditions and skin type. For example, incidence of melanoma has been associated with increased air temperature, which affects time spent outdoors and thus exposure to UV-radiation. Overall, implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments has mitigated the deleterious effects of high levels of UV-radiation and global warming for both environmental and human health.Correction published in: Neale, P.J., Hylander, S., Banaszak, A.T. et al. Correction to: Environmental consequences of interacting effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, ultraviolet radiation, and climate: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2024. Photochem Photobiol Sci 24, 863–865 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-025-00731-w</p
Optimering av en lektinbaserad immunoassay för mätning av fukosylerat orosomukoid : In vitro
No full textLes métaphores pour mieux comprendre
No full textThis essay, in form of a translation analysis, deals with conceptual metaphors and how a selection of these have been translated from French and compared to Swedish, English and German. The source text used in this study is Les métaphores-et leur traduction-dans la vie quotidienne, which was published in 2014 by Yves Keromnes and translated into Swedish by me in 2023. My approach is based on the definition of the conceptual metaphors conceived by Lakoff & Johnson as a product of projections made by the thought (mapping). Mapping allows us to design the extralinguistic world in a way that makes sense to us and is important (Liu, 2002:119). In order to illustrate the translation of metaphors I propose a selection of metaphors organized into tables containing the four different languages mentioned above. The aim is to study the appearance and the translation of the ubiquitous conceptual metaphor from French into the three languages, and to examine the connection while the image is transferred from the source language into the target languages. Principally the main object is to explore the cultural differences between French and Swedish while the metaphor is communicated from one language to another. It is also regarding certain metaphors aimed at demonstrating the fact that the object of translation is not the meaning, but the designation and the significance, which highlight differences that are rather cultural than lexical
The effects of CBBE on social media consumer engagement : A Quantitative Approach
No full textThe study investigates how the four dimensions of consumer based brand equity (CBBE)-brand awareness, percieved quality, brand association and brand loyalty-influence social media consumer engagement. Grounded in the theoretical models of Aaker (1991) and Keller (2001), a quantitaive resaerch was adopted using a snowball sampling yielding 317 valid responses. Using multiple regression analysis, the findings reveal that percieved quality and brand loyalty significantly enhance social media engagement with percieved quality having the strongest effect. In contrast, brand awareness was found to have a negative impact while brand association showed no significant effect. The results suggests that social media engagement is driven more by consumers'evaluation of quality and loyalty than by simple simple recognition or associations. The study offers new insights into how CBBE influences digital marketing outcomes, the study extends the applictaion of CBBE theory to social media contexts, and provides practical guidance for building effective brand engagement strategies online. Suggestions for future research include exploring different brand types and applying a longtitudianal design to asses casusality.
Between Family and Business : How Opportunity Costs, Division of Labor and Digital Strategies Affect Entrepreneurial Mothers
No full textWhile prior research has examined gender gaps in entrepreneurship, little isknown about how motherhood shapes entrepreneurship. This study explores how Swedish entrepreneurial mothers navigate and experience opportunitycosts, household labor division, and digital strategies in balancing businessand family life. Conducted in Sweden, a welfare-oriented, individualisticsociety often seen as gender-equal but still marked by disparities, the studyaims to uncover both challenges and enablers to better supportentrepreneurial mothers. This study uses a qualitative research method, conducting semi-structuredinterviews with three entrepreneurial mothers in Sweden, all working as soloentrepreneurs in a fully or partially digital business model. The data isanalyzed through thematic analysis, with emergent themes forming thestructure of the results. The study concludes that digital business strategies, including AI tools and automation, support entrepreneurial mothers by enabling greater flexibility,autonomy, and scalability. A key finding is the critical role of in-groupsupport, where both close family members and public systems are essentialfor balancing entrepreneurship and motherhood extending prior notions ofpractical in-group support. Unlike general trends in Sweden, theentrepreneurial mothers in this study report a more equitable division ofhousehold labor and parental leave. These mothers are primarily motivatedby the pursuit of balance, family presence, and meaningful work rather thanprofit or career advancement. Findings also reveal that Sweden’s strongpublic welfare system is largely designed around traditionally employedparents. As a result, entrepreneurial mothers often find themselves excludedor unsupported by existing structures, highlighting a need for policyadaptations. This study offers both theoretical and managerial implications for bettersupporting entrepreneurial mothers.
The Impact of Inadequate Market Knowledge on the Internationalisation of SMEs in Sri Lanka: Challenges and Strategies
No full textThis study investigates the impact of inadequate market knowledge on the internationalisation of small and medium sized enterprises in Sri Lanka. Despite their economic significance Sri Lankan SMEs face considerable obstacles when expanding into foreign markets with a lack of relevant market intelligence emerging as a critical barrier. Drawing on the Uppsala Internationalisation Model, Network Theory as well as the Resource and Knowledge Based Views (RBV/KBV), this study explores how insufficient knowledge affects SMEs strategic decisions then identifies challenges in acquiring such knowledge. A qualitative with inductive approach was adopted while employing semi structured interviews with four SMEs from various sectors engaged in or attempting internationalisation from Sri Lanka. The findings reveal that limited access to foreign market data, insufficient internal capabilities and weak international networks exacerbate the knowledge gap which can be leading to increased uncertainty, risk aversion and delayed or failed internationalisation efforts. SMEs reported relying heavily on informal networks, trade fairs and trial and error strategies to compensate for formal knowledge deficiencies. However such approaches were often inadequate for sustainable international engagement for these companies. The study highlights the pressing need for institutional support mechanisms including accessible market intelligence platforms, targeted capacity building programs, enhanced internal resources and facilitation of digital and international business networks. These findings contribute to the literature by offering context specific insights into how SMEs in developing markets navigate the knowledge barrier and then proposing practical strategies to address these challenges. The research underscores that closing the market knowledge gap is not merely about providing information. But about enabling strategic learning and supporting ecosystems that empower SMEs to succeed globally
When Images Speak : Representation and Identity in Animated Media as Reflections of Social Reality
No full textThe study focuses on Coco (2017), Encanto (2021), and The Book of Life (2014), examining how the films' visual style, narrative structure, and symbolism shape representations of gender, identity, and cultural belonging. Drawing on the theories of Hall, Butler, and Bordwell et al., the analysis highlights how mise-en-scène—such as traditional clothing, music, and architecture—is used to construct cultural authenticity and convey national identity. Butler’s theory of performativity illustrates how characters like Miguel and Manolo challenge gender norms by choosing self-fulfillment over traditional masculine roles, positioning identity as fluid and socially constructed. The films simultaneously challenge and reproduce norms: Coco and Encanto promote individual growth and generational shifts in identity formation, while The Book of Life partially reproduces stereotypes yet also critiques machismo. Together, the films reveal a complex balance between norm-critical perspectives and cultural affirmation.El estudio se centra en Coco (2017), Encanto (2021) y The Book of Life (2014), analizando cómo el estilo visual, la estructura narrativa y el simbolismo de estas películas configuran representaciones de género, identidad y pertenencia cultural. A partir de los aportes teóricos de Stuart Hall, Judith Butler y David Bordwell, entre otros, el análisis destaca cómo la mise-en-scène —incluyendo elementos como la vestimenta tradicional, la música y la arquitectura— se utiliza para construir una autenticidad cultural y transmitir una identidad nacional. La teoría de la performatividad de Butler permite evidenciar cómo personajes como Miguel y Manolo desafían las normas de género al priorizar la autorrealización sobre los roles masculinos tradicionales, posicionando la identidad como una construcción social fluida. Las películas, de manera simultánea, cuestionan y reproducen normas establecidas: Coco y Encanto promueven el crecimiento individual y el cambio generacional en la formación de la identidad, mientras que The Book of Life reproduce parcialmente estereotipos, aunque también ofrece una crítica al machismo. En conjunto, estas obras revelan un equilibrio complejo entre perspectivas críticas de las normas, género y una afirmación de las culturas representadas
A network of networks : knowledge development across network boundaries
No full textPurpose The purpose of this paper is to examine knowledge development across network boundaries. Design/methodology/approach The empirical part of this paper is based on a longitudinal case study of a Swedish regional strategic network (RSN) in a sparely populated area. Data was collected through interviews, websites and social media. The case focuses on the creation of sub-networks designed to improve collaboration among different experts. The paper analyses how knowledge evolved across these sub-networks, the RSN and social and business networks. Findings The case study demonstrates how RSN membership can foster knowledge development by building social networks not only among CEOs but also among other key positions within firms. These sub-networks facilitate relationship-building, which may lead to business exchanges. However, their primary value lies in the exchange of experiences, mutual support and knowledge sharing, all of which contribute to various aspects of firm development. Originality/value The study offers a longitudinal perspective on how RSNs in sparsely populated areas can support knowledge development by enhancing social networking among participating firms. It highlights the creation of sub-networks that strengthen connections across various firm positions