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Managing Two Worlds. Role-Exit Processes among Swedish Police Officers with PhDs
No full textGiven the international trend in police education in recent decades towards a more academic focus, the startingpoint for this article was the fact that only a few police officers with a PhD stay on in the Swedish policeorganisation. Thus the objective of the study was to investigate the role exit processes of police officers with a PhD,with special emphasis on organisational opportunities and obstacles in the relationship between higher educationand the police organisation as a pre-profession. This relationship has been described as a difficult combinationinvolving ‘two-world thinking’. Police officers with a PhD were interviewed about their experiences from researchtraining and careers after dissertation. Inspired by the role exit model developed by Ebaugh, the study identifieda role exit process that was caused by the inability of the police organisation to manage and integrate academiccompetence inside the organisation. At the same time, the graduate police officers discovered an alternativelabour market outside the police profession, often in police education itself, which alleviated their professionalphantom pain. The involuntary nature of the role exit, given the graduates’ wish to remain relevant in the policeorganisation, prolonged a process that was emotionally painful to them
Instability in the Arctic : Sweden’s Security Discourse on China in the Arctic before and after the outbreak of the Ukraine Conflict
No full text This thesis examines the official Swedish security discourse on China’s role in the Arctic, focusing on how the discourse has evolved in response to the geopolitical shifts in the region and with the context of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. This thesis examines the discourse from before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and compares it to the discourse after the invasion of Ukraine. Key themes such as security, militarization, strategic partnership, sovereignty, economic opportunity, and research have been identified through a qualitative discourse analysis of official documents, policy papers, and security reports. The findings reveal a dual nature in Swedish discourse, on the one hand diplomatic and encouraging cooperation, on the other critical. The discourse was examined in two parts, before and after the invasion of Ukraine, leading to a comparison of the divided time period. Pre-invasion, the discourse was more centered on economic investments and research activities. Post-invasion, it was more critical and focused on security. China’s partnership with Russia and the dual use of Chinese research is of special interest. Through Luke’s dimensions of power, the analysis further builds upon the findings and presents the power-based actions of both China and Sweden. This thesis contributes to understanding how Sweden navigates power dynamics in the Arctic, the implications of China’s ambitions in the Arctic, and their effect on Swedish national security
The Worth of Work : Socio-political and demographic correlates of anti-work orientation
No full textAnti-work refers to a contentious rejection of work as a determinant of one’s self-worth or worth to society. The most central principle is that work requires the submission of the individual’s free will for the benefit of the organization and that this has negative consequences for workers’ well-being. Even though the anti-work movement has grown rapidly in recent years, research on this phenomenon is scarce. This preregistered study (N = 2595) aimed to examine the relation between anti-work orientation and a range of socio-political attitudes, as well as its prevalence among different demographic groups in Sweden. The results revealed that anti-democratic attitudes and anti-hierarchical aggression were the strongest socio-political predictors of anti-work attitudes, followed by support for censorship and partisanship. Furthermore, voters of both the left party and the right-wing populist party were overrepresented among individuals scoring high on anti-work orientation, suggesting an “extremism” effect at both ends of the political spectrum. The strongest demographic predictors were young age and low income. Interestingly, latent class analysis revealed that men were strongly overrepresented in both the class of anti-work-supporters and the class with low anti-work orientation. These findings add new insights into the growing political discourse around the nature of work
Integration och underordning i välfärdsstatens tid : Texter om sociologi, sociala problem och socialpolitik
No full textBokens övergripande tema framgår av huvudtiteln, Integration och underordning i välfärdsstatens tid. Undertiteln, Texter om sociologi, sociala problem och socialpolitik, anger de vetenskapliga fält vari den hör hemma. Texterna i denna bok visar på vad sätt sociologins integrationsbegrepp bidrar till förståelsen av hur välfärdsstaten hanterar de sociala problemen. Vidare diskuterar författaren hur maktförhållandet mellan överordnade (etablerade) och underordnade (outsiders) formar en moralisk hierarki mellan ”det goda” och ”det dåliga”. Enligt denna mall uppfattas de välbeställdas skatteavdrag som rimliga och de fattigas försörjningsstöd som problematiska. Samma mönster präglar synen på privata respektive offentliga alternativ inom skolan och sjukvården samt på den politiska och administrativa hanteringen av underordnade kategorier – exempelvis de arbetslösa, invandrarna och ”de lågutbildade”. Utgivningen har stötts ekonomuiskt av Centralförbundet för Socialt arbete (CSA). Open access-versionen har finansierats av Linnéuniversitetet.</p
Reforming The Dublin Regulation and Developing the EU Migration and Asylum Pact : A Desk Study on Sweden's role and Solidarity
No full textThis study examines how the reformation of the Dublin regulation, towards the new migration and asylum pact have impacted the power balance and solidarity within the EU. The study analyzes the reform process for a more sustainable common EU management of migration policy. Furthermore, how the process has affected the solidarity between the member states, and how that in turn can give effect on the implementation process of the new pact. There is a particular focus on Sweden in this study, due to its driving force for the new migration and asylum pact during the reform process. Sweden, which has had a leading humanitarian role, has played a central role in the reform process. Sweden has at the same time looked into its own migration policy in the light of experiences of new internal pressures, as a result of the migration flows to Europe during the refugee crisis 2015. With help of Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye jr´theory on liberal interdependence, this study highlights how interdependence between states has shaped both the reform process and the implementation of the solidarity mechanism. The result shows that the new migration and asylum pact has led to a change in balance of power between the EU member states. Some EU member states feel increased vulnerability, due to the new obligations that the new migration and asylum pact includes. Solidarity within the EU has shown to be selective, where some member states support the new migration and asylum pact, while others oppose it. More particularly oppose the mandatory solidarity mechanisms. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how relations between member states affect solidarity, and how they impact the development and implementation of the EU´s new migration and asylum pact. The conclusions emphasise the importance of handling tensions between national and collective interests, to ensure a sustainable and equitable immigration policy within the EU.
The best interests of the child- an ambiguous principle? : A social pedagogic study onhow social workers promote contact between foster children and their biological parents.
No full textDenna studies syfte är att undersöka hur socialsekreterare arbetar med att främja och stödja umgängemellan familjehemsplacerade barn och deras ursprungsföräldrar. Studien baseras på en kvalitativmetod där semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med socialsekreterare från olika kommuner isödra Sverige. Frågorna som studien besvarar hur socialsekreterare beskriver sitt arbete med umgängeutifrån principen om "barnets bästa" och hur de hanterar fall där umgänge upplevs som problematisktav barnet eller familjehemmet. Resultaten visar att socialsekreterarnas bedömningar tycks påverkas avflera faktorer, såsom barnets ålder och mognad, lojalitetskonflikter, samt relationen mellan barnet ochursprungs föräldrarna. Det framkommer att barnets röst och perspektiv tas i beaktande, men att beslutofta baseras på professionella bedömningar där barnets bästa tolkas utifrån varje enskild professionell.Studien lyfter även vikten av att stödja både barnet och ursprungsföräldrarna för att främja positivaumgängen. Tidigare forskning visar att kontakt med ursprungs föräldrarna kan ha både positiva ochnegativa effekter på barnets välbefinnande. Vissa studier pekar på att umgänge kan stärka barnetsidentitet och känsla av tillhörighet, andra belyser risken för lojalitetskonflikter och emotionell stress.Denna studie bidrar med en fördjupad förståelse för det komplexa, etiska och praktiska dilemman somsocialsekreterare ställs inför i arbetet med familjehemsplaceringar och umgänge.
Mer musik på mindre tid : Effektivisering av låtskapande med hjälp av 80/20 principen
No full text I detta arbete har jag undersökt i tre olika delar hur jag kan effektivisera mitt skapande av låtar. Inför de olika delarna har jag läst på och tagit reda på olika tips för att effektivisera låtskrivande och musikproduktion. Jag har skrivit 15 låtar under en tidsperiod på ungefär en månad. Med hjälp av ett 80/20 tänk har jag lättare kommit vidare i mitt skapande. Min undersökning har lett till att jag nu kan skapa musik mer effektivt än någonsin tidigare
From Halmstad to the World: Water Security in a Changing Climate – A Geographical Literature Review with Pedagogical Reflections
No full textSustainable Swedish Shipping in Development : The Requirements of Hydrogen as the Fuel of the Future
No full textSjöfartsindustrin står inför ett ökande tryck att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. Grön vätgas har framträtt som ett lovande hållbart bränsle. Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna och utmaningarna med att implementera vätgas som bränsle inom sjöfartssektorn, med fokus på försörjningskedjan från produktion till bränsleleverans. Arbetet är genomfört som en induktiv systematisk litteraturstudie baserad på 18 vetenskapliga och officiella källor, analyserade tematiskt. Resultaten visar att vätgas har stor potential som ett hållbart maritimt bränsle vid användning av förnybar el genom PEM-elektrolys. Flera hinder kvarstår dock gällande transport, lagring och regleringsmässiga brister. Detta gör nuvarande användning av vätgas som maritimt bränsle kostsam och krävande. Säkerhetsfrågor och avsaknaden av regelverk försvårar ytterligare implementeringen av vätgas. Utöver detta finns en brist på långsiktiga politiska riktlinjer och incitament för att stödja kommersialiseringen av vätgas. Studien drar slutsatsen att vätgas framgångsrikt kan implementeras som maritimt bränsle genom en samordnad utveckling av hela värdekedjan, från produktion till transport och slutlig leverans till fartyg. För att förverkliga denna potential behöver alla aktörer, inklusive rederier, investerare och myndigheter, samarbeta i utvecklingen av strategier för gemensam infrastruktur och tydliga regelverk som stödjer implementeringen av vätgas i sjöfartsindustrin.The shipping industry faces increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Green hydrogen has emerged as a promising sustainable fuel. This study investigates the possibilities and challenges of implementing hydrogen as a fuel for maritime industry with focus on the supply chain from production to fuel delivery. This thesis is performed as an inductive systematic literature review of 18 scientific and official sources, analysed thematically. The results show that hydrogen has a major potential as a sustainable maritime fuel when using renewable electricity through PEM-electrolysis. However, several obstacles remain regarding transport, storage and regulatory gaps. This makes current usage of hydrogen as a maritime fuel costly and demanding. Safety concerns and the absent of regulations further complicate the implementation of hydrogen. In addition to this, there is a lack of long-term policies and incentives to support commercialization of hydrogen. This study concludes that hydrogen can be implemented successfully as a maritime fuel through coordinated development of the entire value chain, from production to transport and final delivery to vessels. To realize this potential, all parties including shipping companies, investors and authorities need to collaborate in developing strategies in shared infrastructure and clear regulatory frameworks that support the implementation of hydrogen in the maritime industry
Using Similarity Network Analysis to Improve Text Similarity Calculations
No full textSimilarity-based analysis is a powerful and intuitive tool for exploring large data sets, for instance, for revealing patterns by grouping items by similarity or for recommending items based on selected samples. However, similarity is an abstract and subjective property which makes it hard to evaluate by a purely computational approach. Furthermore, there are usually several possible computational models that could be applied to the data, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. With this in mind, we aim to extend the research frontier regarding what impact the choice of a computational model may have on the results. In this paper, we target the scope of embedding-based similarity calculations on text documents and seek to answer the research question: "How can a better understanding of the continuous similarity distribution captured by different models lead to better similarity calculations on document sets?". We propose a new and generic methodology based on similarity network comparison, and based on this approach, we have developed a computational pipeline together with a prototype visual analytics tool that allows the user to easily assess the level of model agreement/disagreement. To demonstrate the potential of our method, as well as showing its application to real world scenarios, we apply it in an experimental setup using three state-of-the-art text embedding models and three different text corpora. In view of the surprisingly low level of model agreement regarding the data, we also discuss strategies for handling model disagreement.This work was partially supported through the ELLIIT environment for strategic research in Sweden. The work of Ilir Jusufi was supported in part by the Knowledge Foundation, Sweden, through the project ”Rekryteringar 21, Universitetslektor i spelteknik” under Contract 20210077.</p