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The Power of Influence: Examining Israel's Soft Power Tactics in a Time of Crisis : A case study of Israel’s use of soft power within the three soft power subjects of history, language, and culture and civilisation
No full textThis thesis researches how Israel has deployed soft power to gain international support for its war in Gaza since October 2023, focusing on the soft power pillars of history, language and civilisation and culture. The theory that serves as the framework for this research is the theory of soft power. This research contributes, on one hand, to the scientific community by providing knowledge about Israel's use of soft power in a conflict that has not yet been extensively studied. On the other hand, it offers the general public information on how soft power can impact everyone. Previous research comprises three published articles examining Israeli soft power usage within the three operationalised pillars: history, language, and culture from past conflicts. The findings and analysis chapter examines Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's speeches at the UN General Assembly in 2024, the US Congress in 2024, and a press conference held by Netanyahu aimed at the international press. The results of the research conclude that Israel employs all three pillars of soft power to garner international support for its war in Gaza since October 2023. Furthermore, it concludes that several themes emerge in the subjects and focuses of this deployment of soft power across all three sources.
Electronic dance music - a mainstream genre in modern popular music?
No full textDenna studie undersöker elektronisk dansmusiks framväxt och redogör för genrens relation till begreppet mainstream under 2000-talet. I studien analyseras och jämförs fem vetenskapliga artiklar som på varsitt sätt berör genren eller begreppet mainstream. Detta görs utifrån teorier inom ämnet presenterade i Dick Hebdiges bok Subculture: The Meaning of Style respektive Sarah Thorntons bok Club Cultures: Music, Media and Subcultural Capital. Resultat från studien pekar på att elektronisk dansmusik inte kan betecknas vara mainstream, men att detta är svårt att fastställa då definitionen av vad mainstream innebär är oklar
A comparative study, United Nations response to international law violations in Ukraine and Gaza
No full textThe thesis starts by highlighting the selective nature of international responses to the accusation of violations of international law, using the conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza as case studies. Comparing four categories of violations, namely, indiscriminate attacks against civilians, forced displacement, collective punishment, and targeting of civilian infrastructure. The research shows inconsistency in framing and addressing similar breaches by international actors, primarily the United Nations. the theories chosen are Just War Theory and postcolonialism, which together evaluate wartime acts for morality and legality to the critique of colonial legacies and geopolitical hierarchies shaping international perception. The research methods used are qualitative methods, which include comparative case studies and quantitative content analysis in assessing the sets of inconsistencies resulting from strategic interests and historical narratives. The findings indicate that, whereas actions by Russia in Ukraine are consistently and majorly condemned, the responses to the actions of Israel in Gaza have been more fragmented and even geopolitically aligned. ne
Vad är klockan? : En systematisk litteraturstudie om hur elever i grundskolan förstår analog och digital klocka
No full textI denna systematiska litteraturstudie undersöks hur elever i grundskolan skapar förståelse för den analoga respektive digitala klockan. Den kartlägger också hur undervisningen kan främja en bredare förståelse för tid som ett matematiskt begrepp i ett digitalt samhälle. Vidare bygger studiens metod på utvalda inkluderings- och exkluderingskriterier samt relevanta sökord kopplade till frågeställningarna. De framtagna vetenskapliga artiklarna analyseras på ett strukturerat tillvägagångssätt genom att identifiera teoretiska perspektiv och gemensamma teman, vilka ligger till grund för studiens resultat. Detta resultat visar i sin tur att elever i grundskolan har lättare att läsa av den digitala klockan och därmed lär sig den tidigare än den analoga, vilket delvis kan bero på den digitala utvecklingen. Det framgår också att praktiska undervisningsmetoder är fördelaktiga i utbildningen om klockan. Studien klargör även att det krävs vidare forskning om tid och tidsuppfattning, då det konstateras vara ett outforskat område. Tidsuppfattning och kunskap om klockan har identifierats som en kunskapslucka hos elever, vilket gör studien relevant för lärare och vidare forskning
Associations between caring activities and perceived health among adolescent young carers
No full textAdolescent young carers (AYCs) face the challenges of adolescence while also having care responsibilities. Caring can negatively affect an adult carer's health, but there is less evidence on how caring affects AYCs, of whom there is little awareness among professionals. The aim of this survey study was to describe the AYCs' characteristics and investigate factors associated with their perceived health. School pupils aged 15-17 from 11 Swedish municipalities completed a questionnaire addressing caring activities, received support and perceived health. Of the 3,015 participants, 702 (23%) were AYCs. Female gender, having a parent with a health-related condition, mental illness in a family or non-family member, and addiction problems in a non-family member were associated with poorer perceived health, while receiving support with caring was associated with better perceived health. Identifying the factors associated with AYCs' perceived health can lead to appropriate support, but there also needs to be better representation of AYCs in policy
Från öknen i öst till folkfest i väst : En studie om hur tidningen Dagens Nyheter rapporterade om samhällsfrågor under herrarnas världsmästerskap i fotboll år 2022 och herrarnas europamästerskap i fotboll år 2024.
No full textThis study examines how Dagens Nyheter framed the social issues surrounding the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar and the 2024 UEFA European Championship in Germany. It aims to investigate which social issues are most prominent in the coverage of each tournament and how these issues are presented. While much has been written about the 2022 World Cup in Qatar, fewer studies have focused on the 2024 Euros in Germany, particularly at the time this research is conducted. This study contributes to the field of journalism by highlighting both the differences and similarities in how the two tournaments are framed, offering insight into the varying ways people perceive and experience them. The study employes a quantitative content analysis of all articles in Dagens Nyheter that addresses social issues during the active periods of both the Qatar World Cup and the Euros in Germany. The results are then analyzed through the theoretical frameworks of framing, agenda-setting, and social constructivism. The findings reveal notable differences in how each tournament is framed and which social issues were prioritized. Moral framing is frequently used in the coverage of the Qatar World Cup but is almost entirely absent in the reporting on the Euros in Germany. Issues related to equality and LGBTQ rights are prominent in the coverage of Qatar but are not addressed in the reporting on Germany. Another key observation is that while Qatar is sometimes portrayed in a positive light, the overall tone of the coverage remained predominantly negative. This is not the case with Germany, where no similar negative portrayals were found. One similarity between the two tournaments is the strong focus on political issues, with the tone of the coverage generally negative in both cases. In conclusion, this study highlights significant differences, as well as some similarities, in how the two tournaments are framed and which social issues are most prominent. Political issues are central to both events, but LGBTQ and human rights concerns are much more prominent in the coverage of Qatar 2022, while these issues are largely absent in the reporting on the Euros in Germany. The tone of coverage is predominantly negative for both tournaments, although it is more pronounced in the case of the World Cup. The framing also varied between the two events: responsibility and moral framing are common in the coverage of Qatar, while conflict framing is more dominant during the Euros in Germany
The Best Interests of the Child or the Rights of the Parents? : A Qualitative Study on How Social Workers Assess Risk and Protection in Connection with Contact Between LVU-Placed Children and Their Parents
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine how social workers in child and family services assessed risk and protective factors during visitation between children placed under the Swedish Care of Young Persons (Special Provisions) Act (LVU) and their parents. It also aimed to explore how the follow-up practices of social services influenced the children’s sense of security. The study was based on a qualitative research approach, employing semi-structured interviews conducted with eight social workers from three different municipalities. The theoretical framework was grounded in Lipsky’s theory of discretion and Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. The findings revealed that while social workers struggled to clearly define risk and protective factors, these concepts were consistently applied in their assessments, which were highly context dependent. The results emphasized the importance of continuous follow-up during visitation to enhance the children’s sense of security. Although the social workers prioritized the perspectives of the children, the findings indicated that parents’ rights often outweighed the best interests of the child in practice. Additionally, the study highlighted the lack of standardized tools within the organizational framework, which led to a greater reliance on individual discretion. This reliance compromised the legal consistency of assessments and challenged the fulfillment of the child’s best interests
Exploring the development of children’s chemical understanding
No full textThis thesis seeks to enhance our comprehension of how children develop an understanding of chemistry i.e., emerging chemistry. More specifically the aim of the study was to explore children’s conceptualization of basic chemical concepts, such as smallness and explore how metacognitive frameworks contribute in this process. Research conducted earlier has highlighted the crucial role of visual experiences in helping children grasp the abstract concept of matter. This project was designed to provide the visual experience of the subatomic nature of matter, to explore how this experience develops and how it is transferred between different contexts. Learning subject-specific content is a process that goes beyond just the academic aspect; it also encompasses emotional and individual elements, which are important for scientific growth. Vygotsky attempted to address individual aspects of development with the use of the concept of perezhivanie, describing a socially constructed filter through which experiences are refracted. The filter is seen as greatly influenced by both positive and negative emotions, which in turn impacts our interpretations of the world, including scientific events. Suggesting that emotionally positive experiences of science could, change the filter itself and therefore also how an individual will come to interprets future scientific experiences. A process that could have an effect not only on school science but also on the lifelong learning process. A study was initiated with the purpose to analyse how contemporary research conceptualizes the notion of perezhivanie with an emphasis on its use in research. Results show that the use of this concept varies and ranges between social, sociocultural and individualistic approaches, not yet having reached a point of general consensus regarding its characteristics and as an analytical tool. The meta-analysis also suggests that preschool teachers could also benefit from training in self-reflecting processes, which would also contribute to young children’s self-awareness. Given that chemistry emergence is a young field, more overarching aspects of chemistry emergence, such as matter, smallness and other chemical phenomena have not yet been explored. For this reason, emergence is analysed through a combination of Vygotsky's theories of early development and Vosniadou's framework theory, a theory which expands conceptual understanding by incorporating ontological and epistemological dimensions. Within framework theory development is viewed as a transition between intuitive concepts towards counterintuitive concepts and intermediate synthetic models. This development is closely linked to changes in ontology and epistemology. The potential of framework theory as an analytical tool for studying emergence was initially investigated by conducting a meta-analysis of scientific education research papers. Results show that framework theory can be used as an analytical tool for studying emergence and is a way to move beyond the fragmentation caused by the many different theoretical perspectives used in the field of science education. Especially important is highlighting the significance of epistemic and ontological aspects of reasoning in children’s scientific emergence something that is not only important for evaluating emerging chemistry but also for emerging natural science in general. A longitudinal, study following 25 children over one academic year, was implemented, all the sessions were video-recorded using visual- ethnography. Results show that children initially adopt an intuitive understanding regarding smallness, centralized around visibly accessible smallness. This reflects on an early epistemic reasoning, in which causative relationships are limited on visibly accessible data. It also reflects the existence of an early ontological structure of knowledge, in which children use everyday objects as prototypes for understanding matter in general. Results also showed that many children can grasp counter-intuitive concepts regarding smallness, approximating the idea that matter is made of really small sub-microscopic elements. This realization is connected with epistemic changes, such as being able to hold multiple representations of a process, as well as ontological, mainly the ability to construct a new ontological sub-field specifically about microscopic phenomena, based on their own explanatory principles. These results indicate that chemical concepts are not outside the scope of preschoolers range of understanding
The Media's Framing of the Israel-Palestine Conflict : A Thematic Analysis of Source Selection and Word Choice in Al-Jazeera English and Haaretz on the Israel-Palestine Conflict
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate how Al-jazeera English and Haaretz frame the Israel-Palestine conflict with a focus on source selection and language. This study analyzes events from October 7, 2023, to April 2, 2024. With the use of framing theory as the analytical framework, the paper examines how Al-Jazeera English and Haaretz present different perspectives on events of the conflict. The study is based on a thematic analysis of 18 articles, 9 from each media organization, covering 9 different events. The results show distinct differences in the framing strategies of Al-jazeera English and Haaretz. Al-Jazeera English predominantly focuses on a humanitarian perspective by focusing on the Palestinian side of the conflict. Al-Jazeera English often uses emotionally charged language, such as ‘’massacre’’ and ‘’genocidal war’’ , and prioritizes Palestinian voices and humanitarian organizations as the main sources of reference. With this focus, Al-jazeera English emphasizes the civilian tragedies and the imbalance of power in the region. This often leads to the portrayal of Israeli actions as the main cause of responsibility for the consequences of the conflict. Haaretz in their framing, shows a security-oriented perspective that prioritizes the Israeli perspective. Haaretz frequently frames Hamas as ‘’terrorists’’ and mainly uses Israeli government and military sources to justify Israel's actions as a balanced response to security concerns. Haaretz uses a more neutral tone compared to Al-Jazeera English, while also including international perspectives such as international governments and humanitarian organisations to support the framing of events. This study gives insights into how Al-Jazeera English and Haaretz apply different framing strategies to shape public perception of conflicts. By comparing these media organizations, the results show the role of media in influencing how audiences understand international events such as conflicts. Furthermore, the study addresses a gap in literature by examining Haaretz which has not seen as much attention compared to other media organizations that covers the Israel-Palestine-conflict.
Sense of Coherece (SOC) and Coping Strategies : - A Quantitative Study Among University Students
No full textSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan känslan av sammanhang (KASAM) och användningen av copingstrategier bland universitetsstudenter. Hypotesen var att en person med stark KASAM tenderar att använda copingstrategier i större utsträckning och vice versa. Studien hade en kvantitativ ansats och baserades på data insamlade via en digital enkät innehållande SOC-13 och CSI. Urvalet var icke-slumpmässigt och genomfördes med snöbollsurval, där inklusionskriterierna var att deltagarna skulle vara universitetsstudenter i åldern 18–30 år. Totalt deltog 98 studenter, med en medelålder på 23,57 år. Könsfördelningen bestod av 62 kvinnor och 36 män. Resultaten visade ett signifikant positivt samband mellan KASAM och copingstrategier (r = 0,466, p < 0,001). Slutsatsen är att en stark KASAM har en positiv inverkan på användningen av effektiva copingstrategier bland universitetsstudenter. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sense of coherence (SOC) and the use of coping strategies among university students. The hypothesis was that a person with a strong SOC tends to use coping strategies to a greater extent, and vice versa. The study adopted a quantitative approach and was based on data collected through a digital survey including the SOC-13 and CSI. The sampling was non-random and conducted using snowball sampling, where the inclusion criteria required participants to be university students aged 18–30 years. A total of 98 students participated, with a mean age of 23.57 years. The gender distribution consisted of 62 women and 36 men. The results showed a significant positive correlation between SOC and coping strategies (r = 0.466, p < 0.001). The conclusion is that a strong SOC positively influences the use of effective coping strategies among university students.