26509 research outputs found
Sort by
ADAY SÜRÜCÜ BELGELERİNİN İPTALİ İŞLEMLERİNE KARŞI AÇILAN DAVALARDA GÖREVLİ YARGI YOLU SORUNU VE İDARİ YARGI YERLERİNİN KONUYA YAKLAŞIMI
Full text linkÜlkemizde yaşanan trafik kazalarında daha çok 18-24 yaş arasındaki gençlerin kazaya neden olduğunun tespiti üzerine, ilk defa sürücü belgesi alacak kişilere ilişkin bir düzenleme yapılma ihtiyacı gündeme gelmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak ilk defa sürücü belgesi alanların belli bir süre aday sürücü olarak kabul edilmesi gerektiği düşüncesinden hareketle 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanununda yapılan değişiklikle 2013 yılında aday sürücülük kavramı yasal olarak düzenlemiştir. Ancak anılan düzenlemede aday sürücü belgesinin iptal nedenleri hakkında bir hükme yer verilmemiştir. Aday sürücü belgesinin iptal nedenlerinin Yönetmelikle düzenleneceği hüküm altına alınmıştır. 2015 yılında Karayolları Trafik Yönetmeliğinde düzenlenen aday sürücülük maddesi ile aday sürücü belgesinin iptal nedenlerine yer verilmiştir. Aday sürücü belgesinin iptaline ilişkin işlemler idari işlemlerdir. Bu işlemlere karşı açılacak olan davaların idari yargı yerlerinde açılması gerektiği Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesinin istikrar kazanan kararları ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada aday sürücü belgesinin iptal nedenleri ile bu nedenlerle aday sürücü belgesi iptal edilen kişilerin açtıkları davalarda idari yargı yerlerince verilen kararlar incelenmiştir. Anılan kararlardan hareketle uygulamada ortaya çıkan sorunlara yer verilmiş ve bu sorunların çözümü adına çeşitli görüş ve önerilere yer verilmiştir
The effects of basic swimming exercises on lung volume and capacities in asthma patients
No full textAstım, bireylerin yaşam kalitesini etkileyen kronik bir hastalık olmakla birlikte giderek sayısı artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, astım hastalarında temel yüzme çalışmalarının akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerini inceleyerek, yüzme sporunun astım hastalarının akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerine olan katkılarını değerlendirmektir.
Çalışmaya, 34 yaş, 164 boy uzunluğu ve 65 kg vücut ağırlığı ortalamalarına sahip 10 gönüllü yetişkin kadın astım hastası katılmıştır. Çalışma, üç ay süreyle, haftada 2 gün ve günde bir saatlik serbest yüzme egzersizleri ile yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Spirolab 3 cihazı kullanılarak akciğer hacim ve kapasiteleri ölçülmüştür. Ölçülen parametreler arasında Zorunlu Vital Kapasite (FVC), 1 saniyede Zorlu Ekspiratuvar Hacim (FEV₁), FEV₁/FVC oranı, Vital Kapasitenin 25-75% Arasındaki Zorlu Ekspiratuar Akım FEF25-75%, FEF25%, FEF50% ve FEF75% değerleri yer almıştır. Ayrıca, 6 dakikalık yürüme ve 30 saniye otur-kalk testleri uygulanmıştır. Temel yüzme egzersiz programının tamamlanmasının ardından (3 ay sonunda) katılımcılara son test olarak aynı testler tekrar uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen ön test ve son test sonuçları karşılaştırılıp SPSS 25 paket programı kullanılarak yüzme eğitiminin etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Araştırmanın sonucunda, astım hastalarında temel yüzme egzersizlerinin akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerine olumlu yönde etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Solunum fonksiyon testinin bazı değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Bunlar; FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ve FEF25-75 değerleridir (p<0,05).
Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, temel yüzme egzersizlerinin, astım hastalarının akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerine olumlu yönde etkisinin olduğunu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda astım hastalarının ventilasyon değerlerinin ve akciğer hacim ve kapasitelerinin geliştirilmesi ve yaşam kalitelerinin artırılması için yüzme egzersizlerini önermekteyiz.Asthma is a chronic disease that negatively affects individuals’ quality of life, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of basic swimming exercises on lung volumes and capacities in asthma patients and to evaluate the contribution of swimming to their respiratory functions.
The study included ten adult female volunteers with asthma, with a mean age of 34 years, mean height of 164 cm, and mean body weight of 65 kg. Participants performed free swimming exercises for one hour per day, two days per week, over a period of three months. Lung volumes and capacities were measured using a Spirolab 3 device. The measured parameters included Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV₁), FEV₁/FVC ratio, Forced Expiratory Flow between 25% and 75% of the Vital Capacity (FEF25–75%), FEF25%, FEF50%, and FEF75%. In addition, a 6-minute walk test and a 30-second sit-to-stand test were administered.
After completing the three-month basic swimming exercise program, the same tests were administered as post-tests. The pre-test and post-test data were compared and analyzed using the SPSS 25 software package.
The results indicated that basic swimming exercises had positive effects on the lung volumes and capacities of asthma patients. Significant differences were observed in some respiratory function test variables, namely FVC, FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, and FEF25–75 (p < 0.05).
In conclusion, basic swimming exercises were found to improve lung volumes and capacities and to contribute positively to the quality of life of individuals with asthma. Therefore, swimming exercises are recommended to enhance the ventilatory values and respiratory functions of asthma patients
Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory and Antiapoptotic Effects of Lycopene in Rats With Vancomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity
No full textBackgroundThe most important side effect of vancomycin (Vanco) is nephrotoxicity (NPT). Lycopene (Lyco) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties in addition to its antioxidant activity. The aim is to investigate the protective efficacy of Lyco against the NPT condition that limits the use of Vanco.MethodA total of 48 rats were used in the study in six groups of eight rats each, namely, Corn Oil Control, Lyco 5, Lyco 10, Vanco, Vanco + Lyco 5 and Vanco + Lyco 10.ResultsVanco (400 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) administered for 7 days elevated serum BUN, creatinine, uric acid levels and renal lipid peroxidation while decreasing renal GSH and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx. Vanco also increased the levels of inflammatory markers NF-kappa B, TNF-alpha, Bcl-3 and p38 alpha MAPK activity. It decreased the level of AQP-1 and increased the level of NGAL. In addition, it activated apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 and Procas-3 expression levels while increasing apoptotic p53, Bax and Cyt-c expression levels. Lyco treatment at both doses (5 and 10 mg/kg, orally) ameliorated NPT by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, while the higher dose was more effective.ConclusionThe findings showed that Lyco attenuated Vanco-induced NPT.Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitThe researchers would like to thank the Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for financial support
Institutional Performance Evaluation at TUIK: A Model Proposal Based on the Balanced Scorecard
No full textThis article argues that the balanced scorecard model developed by Kaplan and Norton can be adapted and applied to the TUIK (Turkish Statistical Institute). The central proposition is that the model can be effectively tailored to fit TUIK's specific organizational needs, aligning the dimensions and performance indicators with its vision, mission, and operational objectives. The study proposes that the number and nomenclature of these dimensions can vary depending on the functions and goals of each organizational unit within TUIK. By extending the foundational principles of the model, this research aims to offer a context-sensitive approach to performance measurement, which can contribute to enhanced strategic management practices at TUIK. In this regard, the study aims to develop a model for evaluating institutional performance at TUIK through the implementation of the balanced scorecard, with a specific focus on constructing a balanced scorecard for the Department of Demographic Statistics (DEID). The research findings indicate the feasibility of establishing a model predicated on the balanced scorecard for performance evaluation within TUIK. The study offers both theoretical and practical insights, contributing to the institution's strategic management and informing future research in the domain
Advanced retinal disease detection from OCT images using a hybrid squeeze and excitation enhanced model
Full text linkBackground Retinal problems are critical because they can cause severe vision loss if not treated. Traditional methods for diagnosing retinal disorders often rely heavily on manual interpretation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, which can be time-consuming and dependent on the expertise of ophthalmologists. This leads to challenges in early diagnosis, especially as retinal diseases like diabetic macular edema (DME), Drusen, and Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) become more prevalent. OCT helps ophthalmologists diagnose patients more accurately by allowing for early detection. This paper offers a hybrid SE (Squeeze-and-Excitation)-Enhanced Hybrid Model for detecting retinal disorders from OCT images, including DME, Drusen, and CNV, using artificial intelligence and deep learning.Methods The model integrates SE blocks with EfficientNetB0 and Xception architectures, which provide high success in image classification tasks. EfficientNetB0 achieves high accuracy with fewer parameters through model scaling strategies, while Xception offers powerful feature extraction using deep separable convolutions. The combination of these architectures enhances both the efficiency and classification performance of the model, enabling more accurate detection of retinal disorders from OCT images. Additionally, SE blocks increase the representational ability of the network by adaptively recalibrating per-channel feature responses.Results The combined features from EfficientNetB0 and Xception are processed via fully connected layers and categorized using the Softmax algorithm. The methodology was tested on UCSD and Duke's OCT datasets and produced excellent results. The proposed SE-Improved Hybrid Model outperformed the current best-known approaches, with accuracy rates of 99.58% on the UCSD dataset and 99.18% on the Duke dataset.Conclusion These findings emphasize the model's ability to effectively diagnose retinal disorders using OCT images and indicate substantial promise for the development of computer-aided diagnostic tools in the field of ophthalmology
DECODING ETF MARKET MOVEMENTS: THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS
Full text linkThe study aims to explore the impact of CDS T & uuml;rkiye, Dow Jones Islamic Market T & uuml;rkiye Exchange Traded Fund (DJIMTR), Financial Stress Index (FSI), VIX, and iShare MSCI T & uuml;rkiye (iShare) indicators on the market capitalization of BIST ETFs (ETF) using monthly data between January 2020 and November 2024. The ARDL method is used to examine the effect in the study. Based on the findings, there is cointegration between the variables. Examining the long-term relationships, CDS, DJIMTR, and ISHARE have a positive and statistically significant effect on ETF, while the FSI has a statistically significant negative effect on ETFs. The VIX and DJIMTR have a positive and statistically significant impact on the ETF in the long term. The error correction model (ECM) results show that the ECT coefficient is negative and statistically significant. Therefore, the shocks occurring on the ETF are effective in the short term, and at least 51% of them spill over to the next period, but these shocks come to balance in the following period and exhibit a convergence feature. So, CDS, FSI, DJIMTR, and ISHARE indicators are significant for determining the investment strategies of ETF investors and fund managers
Syringaldehyde Mitigates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis Through Modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1/NF?B Pathway
No full textCyclophosphamide (CYC) is one of the most potent antineoplastic drugs; however, hepatonephrotoxicity, observed following its use, remains one of its most severe side effects. Previous studies have reported that syringaldehyde (SYA), a flavonoid compound, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it is unclear whether SYA has any effects on hepatonephrotoxicity caused by the side effects of antineoplastic drugs. In the present research, we thoroughly evaluated the effects of SYA on cyclophosphamide-induced hepatonephrotoxicity in a mouse model, focusing on Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation. In the present study, SYA (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) and CYC (30 mg/kg, i.p.) were delivered to male mice for 10 days to induce hepatonephrotoxicity. SYA treatment alleviated the elevated levels of AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine caused by CYC. It further suppressed lipid peroxidation by lowering MDA levels and enhanced antioxidant defense by elevating GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Additionally, SYA increased the mRNA expression levels of HO-1, Nrf2, and Bcl-2, which had been reduced due to oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways, while suppressing the elevated gene expression levels of NF kappa B, TNF-alpha, Bax, and Cas-3. Furthermore, SYA regulated the altered protein expression levels of Nrf2, Cas-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 induced by CYC. Microscopically, SYA also mitigated liver and kidney tissue damage caused by CYC. In conclusion, SYA significantly reduced CYC-induced hepatonephrotoxicity by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by employing the Nrf2/NF kappa B/HO-1 pathway. These findings indicate that SYA has the possibility as a treatment option agent in the case of prevention of liver and kidney damage.The authors received no specific funding for this work. Funding Source: Medlin
Eco-friendly Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles from Verbascum uschakense Aqueous Extract
No full textSilver nanoparticles synthesized using Verbascum uschakense extract at a reaction temperature of 60 degrees C were characterized through multiple analytical techniques. These included ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Ultraviolet-visible spectral analysis revealed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 432 nanometers, indicating the successful formation of silver nanoparticles. Microscopic analyses demonstrated that the nanoparticles were predominantly spherical in shape, with particle sizes ranging between 4 and 14 nanometers. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the silver nanoparticles possessed a face-centered cubic crystal structure, as evidenced by characteristic diffraction peaks at 2 theta values of 38.21 degrees, 44.46 degrees, 64.59 degrees, and 77.48 degrees, corresponding to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes, respectively. Regarding the biological activities, the antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of V. uschakense was evaluated by its ability to scavenge free radicals. At a concentration of 1 milligram per milliliter, the extract demonstrated a 86.93 percent scavenging effect against the stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. In comparison, the silver nanoparticles synthesized from the plant extract exhibited a 60.04 percent scavenging effect at the same concentration. Additionally, the silver nanoparticles showed strong inhibition in the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assay, with values comparable to those obtained using the standard antioxidant TroloxThe antimicrobial properties of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were examined using the disc diffusion method. The nanoparticles exhibited inhibitory activity against several pathogenic microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and fungal species belonging to the Candida genus. These results highlight the potential of V. uschakense-mediated silver nanoparticles as multifunctional bioactive agents with both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The study demonstrates that green synthesis offers a sustainable and effective approach to producing nanomaterials with potential applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields
Numerical analysis of the influence of sequential cuts during micro-milling of wrought and LPBF Ti6Al4V alloys
No full textThis study investigates the distribution of stresses, plastic strains, and temperatures in the machined surface and subsurface during micro-milling of wrought and Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) Ti6Al4V alloys considering the effects of sequential cuts using modeling approach. A series of micro-milling tests and numerical simulations were performed at two spindle rotational speeds (12000, 24000 rpm), two feeds per tooth (2, 4 mu m/tooth), and a constant depth of cut (100 mu m) under dry conditions. A 3D finite element model was developed, and simulation of micro-milling process was performed using Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) approach. The experimentally measured machining forces and surface residual stresses were used to validate the developed 3D micro-milling model. It was shown that the model can reasonably simulate the machining forces (2.51-14.53 % error) and surface residual stresses (0.7-29.3 % error) for both wrought and LPBF Ti6Al4V alloys under different cutting conditions. To investigate the effects of intermittent cutting (i.e. sequential cuts) during micro-milling, the numerical model was developed to simulate three sequential cuts by considering the process of entry and exit of each tool tooth as one cut. In addition, unloading and cooling of the work material were also simulated to compare the state of the material during and after the process. The numerical results showed that sequential cuts resulted in increased stresses and temperature after the first cut and affected the material state during and after the micro-milling process. Machining-induced surface and subsurface residual stresses increased with the number of cuts due to accumulated stresses and strains, leading to greater plastic deformation and mechanical loads. Furthermore, LPBF Ti6Al4V alloy led to higher stresses and temperatures during micro-milling than the wrought material. This was attributed to the specific microstructure and higher mechanical properties of the LPBF Ti6Al4V alloy. (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the NAMRI/SME.Ankara Yimath;ldimath;rimath;m Beyazimath;t University Scientific Research Project Division [FDK-2021-2180]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK) [TUBIdot;TAK 2214/A-1059B142000364]; Laboratory of Materials and Processes (LaBoMaP) of the Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology (ENSAM); DEAM Lab of the University of North Carolina at CharlotteThe authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Ankara Y & imath;ld & imath;r & imath;m Beyaz & imath;t University Scientific Research Project Division [grant number FDK-2021-2180] . The first author acknowledges the research fellowship (TUB & Idot;TAK 2214/A-1059B142000364) supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK) , Laboratory of Materials and Processes (LaBoMaP) of the Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology (ENSAM) , and the DEAM Lab of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte for supporting this work
Assessment of lead exposure risk in restoration projects, with a special focus on painted surfaces
No full textRestorasyon ve renovasyon faaliyetleri inşaat endüstrisinin bir
alt bileşeni olmasına rağmen sağlık ve güvenlik riskleri
bakımından yapım işlerinden farklıdır. Özellikle kimyasal risk
etmenleri bakımından restorasyon projeleri yapım işlerine göre
özgün risklere sahiptir. Bunun en önemli nedeni, tarihi binalarda
kullanılan yapı malzemeleri ve kaplamaların zamanla ayrışması
veya zarar görmesi nedeniyle tehlikeli maddelerin ortaya
çıkmasıdır. Restorasyon faaliyetleri sırasında ortaya çıkabilecek
asbest ve kurşun gibi maddelere maruziyet sağlık üzerinde
olumsuz etkilere sahiptir. Asbest ve kurşuna maruziyeti önlemek
ve korunma tedbirlerini belirlemek amacıyla ulusal ve
uluslararası düzeyde bir dizi mevzuat bulunmaktadır. Ne var ki
restorasyon projelerinde kurşun maruziyetini önlemeye yönelik
yeterli araştırma ve mevzuat düzenlemesi mevcut değildir. Bu
çalışmada, kurşun maruziyetinin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri detaylı
şekilde açıklanmış, tarihi binalarda kurşun içermesi muhtemel
yapı malzemeleri tanıtılmış ve projelerde kurşun maruziyetine
neden olabilecek aktiviteler belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca restorasyon
projelerinin risklerinin değerlendirmesi sürecinde dikkat
edilmesi gerekenler ve risk kontrol hiyerarşisine uygun olarak
kurşun maruziyetini azaltmaya yönelik koruyucu önlemler ele
alınmıştır. Son olarak, İstanbul’da yer alan 19. yüzyılda yapılmış
ahşap bir evin restorasyon projesinde iş tehlike analizi (JSA)
yaklaşımından faydalanılarak kurşun maruziyeti risklerinin nasıl
değerlendirilebileceği açıklanmıştır.Although restoration and renovation activities are a
subcomponent of the construction industry, they differ from
construction works in terms of health and safety risks.
Restoration projects have unique risks compared to
construction works, especially in terms of chemical risk factors.
The most important reason for this is the emergence of
hazardous substances due to the decomposition or damage of
building materials and coatings used in historical buildings over
time. Exposure to substances such as asbestos and lead that
may occur during restoration activities has negative effects on
health. There are several legislations at national and
international levels to prevent exposure to asbestos and lead
and to determine protective measures. However, there is not
enough research and legislation to prevent lead exposure in
restoration projects. In this study, the effects of lead exposure
on health are explained in detail, building materials that are
likely to contain lead in historical buildings are introduced, and
activities that may cause lead exposure in projects are specified.
In addition, things to consider during the risk assessment
process of restoration projects and protective measures to
reduce lead exposure in accordance with the risk control
hierarchy are discussed. Finally, it is explained how lead
exposure risks can be evaluated using the job safety analysis
(JSA) approach in the restoration project of a 19th century
wooden house in Istanbul