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İndirimli taşıma problemine yeni bir bakış
No full textTransportation problems are optimization problems that aim to
maximize profit or minimize costs by transporting products from
suppliers to destinations. In cases where the unit transportation
cost depends on the quantity transported and these quantities
are expressed as intervals, a piecewise function structure
emerges. In our study, this interval structure was addressed by
converting the problem into an integer programming problem
using an existing method from the literature, and the solution
was obtained. Furthermore, an example problem from the
literature is solved using our method, and the results are
compared.Taşıma problemleri, ürünlerin tedarikçilerden varış noktalarına
taşınarak karın maksimize edilmesi veya maliyetlerin minimize
edilmesini hedefleyen optimizasyon problemleridir. Birim
taşıma maliyetinin taşınan mal miktarına bağlı olduğu ve bu
miktarların aralıklarla ifade edildiği problemlerde, parçalı
fonksiyon yapısı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, bu tür bir
aralık yapısını çözmek için literatürde mevcut bir yöntem
kullanılarak problem tamsayılı bir probleme dönüştürülmüş ve
çözüm gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, literatürde yer alan bir örnek
problem yöntemimizle çözülerek sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır
Bilişsel Şiirbilim Bağlamında Mahtumkulu’nun Kahramanlık Şiirlerinde Yayılgan İmgeler
Full text linkBu çalışmada, Mahtumkulu’nun kahramanlık şiirlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan yayılgan imgelerin okur zihninde oluşturduğu etkiler analiz edilmiştir. Şairin imgeleri kullanma biçimi, bilişsel şiirbilim bağlamında değerlendirilmiş ve işlevsel boyutları incelenmiştir. Genel okurun bilişsel süreçleri dikkate alınan bu çalışmada, Mahtumkulu’nun şiirlerdeki anlam derinliği bilişsel perspektifle yorumlanmıştır. Kullanılan yayılgan imgelerin gönderim biçimleri ve tematik göstergeleri ile makale sonlandırılmıştır
Evaluating energy management investments for sustainable transition of smart cities through a new intuitionistic fuzzy consensus-based CoCoSo methodology
No full textEnergy management investments are rather crucial in reducing enterprises' energy consumption and energy costs. Hence, necessary measures ought to be taken to increase the performance of these investments. However, improving these variables causes these companies' costs to grow. Because of this issue, there is a need for a new study in which more priority indicators can be determined. This study aims to measure the policy alternatives for the sustainable transition of smart cities in terms of energy management investments by using a novel consensusbased Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) approach with intuitionistic fuzzy information. Firstly, the components of energy management investments are weighted. Afterward, policy alternatives for the sustainable transition of smart cities are ranked. The novelty of this study is to construct a new component set of energy management investments for the sustainable transition of smart cities. Additionally, the main contribution is that a priority analysis is made to define critical factors that affect energy management investments for the sustainable transition of smart cities. Developing a consensus-based CoCoSo approach with intuitionistic fuzzy information is another important contribution of the work. With the help of this issue, necessary actions can be taken without having high costs. It is concluded that risk identification and assessment should be primarily considered while making energy management investments for the sustainable transition of smart cities. To increase energy management investments' performance, investors should primarily consider potential risks associated with the investments in the countries where they will invest. Further, it is concluded that public involvement is the most critical policy alternative for the sustainable transition of smart cities. Within this context, the level of public engagement and participation should be increased in the transition. For this purpose, relevant feedback should be provided from third parties. To check the reliability and robustness of the proposed methodology, a sensitivity and comparison control is further performed
The representation of women in the film Something Useful from the perspective of existential feminism
No full textBu çalışma, Pelin Esmer’in 2017 yapımı İşe Yarar Bir Şey filmini temel alarak kadın temsillerini varoluşçu feminizm yaklaşımıyla eleştirel bir incelemeye tâbi tutmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sartre’nin varoluş felsefesi yaklaşımı bireyin dünyayı keşfinin ancak özgürlükle mümkün olabileceğini söylemektedir. Öyle ki insan dünyaya fırlatılmış şekilde hiçbir şeyden habersiz bir şekilde gelir. Kendi seçimi dışında dünyaya gelen insan kendi özüne sahip değildir. İnsan, kendi özü üzerinde özgür tercihleri aracılığıyla hem tasarımcı hem de yaratıcısı konumundadır. Bu bağlamda Jean-Paul Sartre, varoluş felsefesinde bireyin dünyayı ve kendini anlamlandırma sürecinin merkezine özgür seçimi yerleştirirken; Simone de Beauvoir ise bu kuramsal çerçeveyi, özellikle kadın kimliğinin özgürce inşa edilebilme boyutuna odaklanarak daha da derinleştirmiştir. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın kuramsal çerçevesini Beauvoir’in varoluşçu feminizm anlayışı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, filmdeki kadın karakterlerin özgürlük inşası, öznel seçme süreçleri ve toplumsal normlar karşısındaki konumları ayrıntılı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Nitel araştırma deseni doğrultusunda amaçlı örnekleme uygulanmış; film, feminist film eleştirisi yöntemi ve yorumsamacı bir yaklaşım temelinde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, İşe Yarar Bir Şey ’deki kadın karakterlerin, toplumsal cinsiyet kalıplarını sorgulayan temsiller sunduğunu ve öznel varoluşlarını aktif olarak inşa etmeye çalıştıklarını ortaya koymaktadır.This study aims to develop a critical approach to representations of women from an existential feminist perspective through Pelin Esmer's 2017 film İşe Yarar Bir Şey (Something Useful). Sartre's existentialist philosophy asserts that an individual's discovery of the world is only possible through freedom. So much so that a human being comes into the world, unaware of anything. A human being, born without their own choice, does not possess their own essence. Human beings are both designers and creators of their own essence through their free choices. Therefore, while Jean Paul Sartre's existential philosophy argues that the individual's understanding of the world and themselves is based on free choice, Simone de Beauvoir deepens this theory in the direction of the free construction of female identity. In this context, Beauvoir's existentialist feminist understanding forms the theoretical framework of the research. In this study, the construction of freedom, subjective choice processes, and the positions of female characters in the film to social norms are analyzed in detail. Purposive sampling was applied in line with the qualitative research design; the film was examined based on feminist film criticism methodology and an interpretive approach. The findings reveal that the female characters in İşe Yarar Bir Şey present representations that question gender stereotypes and actively strive to construct their subjective existence
Akilli Okul Sistemleri İçin HOG-CNN Tabanli Gerçek Zamanli Yüz Tanima ve Duygu Analizi
Full text link2025 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference, ASYU 2025 -- 2025-09-10 through 2025-09-12 -- Bursa -- 214381Student safety and emotional well-being are among the core priorities of modern education systems. The sustainability of academic success depends not only on cognitive competencies but also on the close monitoring of students' psychological and emotional states. Additionally, monitoring school entry and exit plays a critical role in ensuring physical safety. However, current systems lack integrated solutions combining both biometric security and emotional awareness, limiting the applicability of a holistic monitoring approach in school environments. This study aims to design and implement an AI-based school system that combines facial recognition and emotion analysis, targeting real-time operation when ethical approvals are obtained. Haarcascade classifiers were used for facial recognition, while Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) methods were applied for feature extraction. These features were classified using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. Due to the absence of ethical approval, real student data could not be collected; instead, a rich dataset was created by merging the CK+ and JAFFE datasets, forming the basis of this original study. The accuracy rates achieved by the emotion analysis models are as follows: HOG-CNN model: 99.04% training accuracy, 96.01% test accuracy SIFT-CNN model: 99.58% training accuracy, 87.45% test accuracy The facial recognition module was tested by integrating Haarcascade-based face detection with the HOG-CNN architecture: Training accuracy: 100% Validation accuracy: 96.77% Loss values: reduced to as low as 0.2509 The results demonstrate that CNN models supported by HOG features offer high accuracy and generalization capability in both facial recognition and emotion analysis. This AI-powered system not only enhances school security but also provides teachers with real-time insights into the overall emotional state of the classroom, allowing for more informed educational management. This holistic approach enables the monitoring of students' psychological well-being alongside academic performance, offering a concrete example of a security- and quality-oriented digital transformation in education. © 2025 IEEE
GÜZEL SANATLAR LİSELERİ BATI MÜZİĞİ TEORİ VE UYGULAMALARI DERSİNE İLİŞKİN ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Full text linkWestern Music Theory and Practice is one of the fundamental courses that plays a significant role in fine arts high schools. This course covers general concepts, rules, and both theoretical and practical knowledge related to music. It is possible for individuals with musical aptitude to develop their musical ear and theoretical knowledge through the studies conducted in this course. Therefore, the Western Music Theory and Practice course plays a major role in the development of musical ability. This research was conducted to identify the problems faced by teachers who teach Western Music Theory and Practice in fine arts high schools and to gather their opinions about the course. The research was conducted during the 2021-2022 academic year. The study group consisted of 10 teachers from 10 different fine arts high schools who were actively teaching Western Music Theory and Practice. Interviews were conducted with the teachers using a semi-structured interview form. The data obtained were transcribed and analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The study concluded that Western Music Theory and Practice is one of the core courses in music education; that the number of weekly course hours should be increased; that the number of students per class should be reduced; that more time should be allocated to the practical components of the course; that students should be informed about independent study; and that they should have knowledge of digital platforms. This study is expected to contribute to the field by revealing attitudes toward musical behaviors associated with the Western Music Theory and Practice course and by encouraging the adoption of new approaches in line with these findings. © 2025, Tolga Karaca. All rights reserved
STATISTICAL CONVERGENCE OF BIVARIATE FUNCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO A FØLNER SEQUENCE
Full text linkThis study extends the notion of statistical convergence and its related concepts to bivariate functions defined on discrete countable amenable semigroups. We demonstrate that the space of bounded bivariate functions, m(H × H), forms a Banach space under the supremum norm, establishing a fundamental framework for our analysis. The paper rigorously investigates two-dimensional Følner sequences, statistical convergence, strong p-summability, and statistical Cauchy functions. Additionally, we characterize statistical limit and cluster points, proving the equivalence between statistical convergence and the statistical Cauchy property. Through illustrative examples, we emphasize the significance of nonthin subsets in the study of statistical limit and cluster points, thereby enriching the understanding of summability and convergence within amenable semigroups. © D l, Zagreb
Fonio: Unveiling the ancient grain's nutritional and health wonders
Full text linkFonio (Digitaria spp.) is a significant grain in many West African countries, and it is frequently used in various religious and cultural rituals. It is an ancient African grain rich in carbohydrates, fats, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. It is especially important as a staple food in times of food shortages. It grows easily in arid and poor soils without the need for fertilizers and other cultivation methods, and can be harvested and stored in a short time. When consumed as a whole grain, it aids nutrition with its high dietary fiber content, owing to its nutraceutical properties. Despite its rich nutrient content and health benefits, fonio is under-researched compared to other cereals. This has started to change recently, especially as fonio has gained ground due to its richness in healthy and functional ingredients. Fonio is naturally gluten-free and has antioxidant, antithyroid, antidiabetic, and weight-loss effects. Consumers' interest in novel and nutritious foods and the growing need for cereals free of gluten contributed to their debut in worldwide recognition. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Deep learning based building change detection by integrating building footprint data to pre and post-earthquake VHR satellite images from February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquake: a case study for Hatay-Antakya
No full textEarthquakes are one of the natural disasters that are common in the world and profoundly influence human life. On 6 February 2023, eleven provinces in T & uuml;rkiye were most affected by two major earthquakes, the Mw 7.7 event in Pazarc & imath;k (Kahramanmara & scedil;) and the Mw 7.6 event in Elbistan (Kahramanmara & scedil;). Over 50,000 lives were lost, and more than 84,000 buildings were damaged due to the earthquakes. An efficient post-disaster intervention necessitates the interpretation of information from various data sources. Satellite images are among these sources, offering detailed insights into the region impacted by the earthquake before and after the event. Despite the extensive detail in satellite images making human interpretation challenging, deep learning architectures have been developed to address this issue. These advanced models utilize sophisticated computer vision techniques for the semantic segmentation of satellite imagery. However, training these models requires a time-consuming process due to the need for labelled images. This study tackled the issue of scarce labelled data in deep learning by using open-source building footprint data as training labels and conducted change detection between pre- and post-earthquake building conditions. The study focused on the city centre of Antakya (Hatay), which was heavily impacted by the Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquakes. Three different deep learning architectures, SegNet, PSPNet, and ResUNet, known for their effectiveness in semantic segmentation, were employed. Among the models evaluated on pre-earthquake images, ResUNet achieved the highest F1-score average at 92.27%, while SegNet and PSPNet followed with similar scores of 90.47% and 90.26%, respectively
Shavian dramaturjiyi icat etmek: George Bernard Shaw’un Widowers’ Houses oyununda “Nahoş” ikilemlerin çıkış noktası
No full textGeorge Bernard Shaw ve William Archer arasında ortak bir çalışma olarak başlayan Widower’s Houses isimli oyun aslında ‘well-made play’ (iyi kurulu oyun) örneği olarak planlanmıştır. İlk yazma denemelerinin üstünden geçen yedi yıl sonrasında, Shaw yarım kalmış bu oyun metnini Henrik Ibsen etkisinde kalarak, edindiği sosyalist düşüncelerini yansıtacak bir biçimde tamamlamaya karar verdi. Viktorya dönemi sahnesine hâkim olan melodram geleneğine karşı çıkan Shaw, Ibsen ve Karl Marx’tan etkilenerek gerçekçilik akımını sahneye taşıdı ve tiyatro izleyicisini aktardığı sevimsiz problemlerle yüzleşmeye zorladı. Neticede Shaw’un sahnelenen ilk oyunu olan Widower’s Houses, onun dramaturjisinin ilk örneği haline gelir. Kariyeri boyunca oyunlarında aktardığı sosyalist fikirler bu oyun ile aktarılmaya başlanmıştır. Bununla beraber, evlilik, sınıf, para gibi temaların karakterler üzerinden işlenişi Shaw’un dramaturjisinin örnekleri olarak sayılabilir. Böylelikle bir sıfat olan ‘Shavian’ kavramının kaynağı bu ilk sahnelenen oyununa dayandırılabilir. Sonuç olarak bu makale, George Bernard Shaw’ın Widower’s Houses adlı oyunu Shaw’un Shavian dramaturjisinin izini sürmek adına yeniden ele almayı ve İngiliz Tiyatrosunda sevimsiz konuların ilk etkisini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.George Bernard Shaw ve William Archer arasında ortak bir çalışma olarak başlayan Widower’s Houses isimli oyun aslında ‘well-made play’ (iyi kurulu oyun) örneği olarak planlanmıştır. İlk yazma denemelerinin üstünden geçen yedi yıl sonrasında, Shaw yarım kalmış bu oyun metnini Henrik Ibsen etkisinde kalarak, edindiği sosyalist düşüncelerini yansıtacak bir biçimde tamamlamaya karar verdi. Viktorya dönemi sahnesine hâkim olan melodram geleneğine karşı çıkan Shaw, Ibsen ve Karl Marx’tan etkilenerek gerçekçilik akımını sahneye taşıdı ve tiyatro izleyicisini aktardığı sevimsiz problemlerle yüzleşmeye zorladı. Neticede Shaw’un sahnelenen ilk oyunu olan Widower’s Houses, onun dramaturjisinin ilk örneği haline gelir. Kariyeri boyunca oyunlarında aktardığı sosyalist fikirler bu oyun ile aktarılmaya başlanmıştır. Bununla beraber, evlilik, sınıf, para gibi temaların karakterler üzerinden işlenişi Shaw’un dramaturjisinin örnekleri olarak sayılabilir. Böylelikle bir sıfat olan ‘Shavian’ kavramının kaynağı bu ilk sahnelenen oyununa dayandırılabilir. Sonuç olarak bu makale, George Bernard Shaw’ın Widower’s Houses adlı oyunu Shaw’un Shavian dramaturjisinin izini sürmek adına yeniden ele almayı ve İngiliz Tiyatrosunda sevimsiz konuların ilk etkisini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır