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Assessment of powder myco-coagulant extracted from Phanerochaete concrescens for water treatment
Get PDFBio-coagulants are attracting current research interest because they are more environmentally friendly and safer than traditional chemical coagulants. However, the main challenge for bio-coagulants is the production in bulk quantities at a reasonable cost. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of Phanerochaete concrescens to produce an effective bio-coagulant in powder form. The one-factor-at-a-time approach (OFAT) was performed to evaluate the capacity of the powdered myco-coagulant for various initial turbidities and coagulant doses. The morphological structure, functional groups and crystallinity of the bio-coagulant were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The addition of 0.09-0.11 g of powder myco-coagulant led to the maximum elimination of turbidity from synthetic kaolin wastewater, which was 80 % from an initial turbidity value of 750±10 NTU. SEM revealed that the fungus that produced the coagulant has a filamentous and linked network structure. FTIR illustrated the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, methoxyl and amino groups. The XRD analysis revealed the bio-coagulant to have smaller particle sizes with wider peaks. Based on the findings, Phanerochaete concrescens may find use in industry as a producer of powder bio-coagulants
Community, culture and conservation: mapping the biocultural landscape resources of Sungai Tembus, Seberang Perai for tourism
Get PDFIntegrating biocultural resources into tourism development is vital to promote sustainable practices that benefit the local community and the environment. Biocultural landscape resources include biodiversity and cultural heritage, where natural and cultural attributes are interconnected and can affect the sustainability of one another. Hence, examining biocultural resources as a connected network between nature and culture is integral. This paper investigates the biocultural landscape resources of Sungai Tembus, Seberang Perai, as unique opportunities to leverage the ecological features of the area and the local cultural practices. Through a mixed-method approach, the study gathered on-ground data through semi-structured interviews with local community members to gather their insights and experiences, which were complemented by mapping the resources using Geographic Information System (GIS) and photographic documentation. The result of the study shows that the local community's livelihood and tourism activities depend on biocultural resources. The findings reveal that the cultural heritage is shaped by the ecological features, highlighting the importance of community engagement in conservation efforts and tourism plannin
Fuzzy logic-based arrival time estimation for indoor navigation using augmented reality
Get PDFIn recent years, Augmented Reality (AR) has gained popularity in various industries due to its ability to enhance efficiency, provide real-time information and data, and maintain user awareness of their surroundings. One of the applications of AR is in navigation, but most existing systems primarily focus on outdoor environments, neglecting indoor spaces. Mobile applications designed for indoor navigation often rely on expensive and computationally demanding beacons or natural markers to track the user's location along a predetermined path. Furthermore, traditional navigation estimation methods based on GPS are ineffective for indoor navigation. This study proposes a mobile AR application for indoor navigation that uses an intelligent signage algorithm based on fuzzy logic to estimate arrival time. The algorithm takes phone acceleration in the x and z directions as inputs and employs triangular-shaped membership functions for input and output variables. The experimental results indicate the feasibility of using fuzzy logic to estimate arrival time for indoor navigation, with an average prediction error of 5.82%
Comparison of the performance of an embankment dam and concrete gravity dam under near-field earthquake
No full textOne of the crucial elements impacting the dam’s seismic behaviour is the height of the reservoir’s water. As such, this study employs Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) to examine the performance of the Semenyih earth embankment dam and concrete gravity dam during near-field earthquakes with variations in the water level behind the embankment dam. Water levels varying from 0 to 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and the entire height of the embankment dam are considered an essential measure of how well the structures perform. These assessments were conducted under seven near-field earthquake datasets utilising the ABAQUS finite element framework. Seven ground movements were transformed into response spectra and adjusted by the soil type’s characteristics to create an elastic response spectrum. According to Eurocode 8, the soil type A-based elastic response spectrum was created. The limit states of the embankment dam that are yielding and the final condition are discovered by applying the IDA approach based on static analysis. The earth embankment dam results of average Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) is 0.02 g for the yielding state and 0.57 g and 0.52 g, respectively, for the ultimate state. Meanwhile, the concrete gravity dam reveals 0.46 g and 0.59 at the yielding point, and the ultimate state is 0.59 g and 0.69 g. According to the findings, both types of dam operation at zero water level pose a greater danger than a full water reservoir, and the displacement for both dams was larger as the PGA rose. Lastly, the comparison between these two suggests that concrete gravity dams are more reliable to withstand the effect of seismic loa
Concluding remarks
Get PDFThis chapter gives general comments and conclusion on the main theme of the book. The chapter also recommends actions based upon the conclusions drawn from the preceding chapters. It is hoped that this will open debates and discussions for future research on spirituality, values, and sustainable Islamic finance for balancing the pursuit of profit through business of Shariah-compliant banking and financing
Islamic finance and sustainable development: balancing spirituality, values and profit
Get PDFThis book uncovers a new dimension in the study of sustainability, offering balanced development from a spiritual and cultural values perspective. The authors of this edited volume investigate the role of religion in the debate concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and offer an Islamic perspective to environment, social and governance (ESG) issues. Applying a multidimensional approach to socio-economic development, this book contends that Islam offers a unique perspective and framework for sustainable development that is holistic and rooted in spirituality, morality and ethics. For example, the book explains how Islam lays emphasis on human talents development (SDGs 3 and 4), which is a key element in accelerating socio-economic growth (SDG-8). It also offers a wide range of social financial tools such as Zakat and Waqf that can be used to address SDGs 1 (poverty), 2 (hunger), 5 (gender equality) and 10 (reducing inequality). Islamic finance offers a number of tools for long-term financing such as sukuk that can masterfully be used for building sustainable
infrastructure (SDG- 9). The study also reviews some Islamic principles from the Holy Qur’an that can positively impact SDGs. Students, scholars, and researchers in the fields of Islamic economics and finance, sustainable development, and socio- economic and environmental issues will find the book a valuable resource
Professional indemnity insurance and compensation fund
No full textAs in any other profession, professional negligence and acts of dishonesty are
bound to occur and necessitating the protection of both members of the profession
and the public from the resulting losses. Hence, the introduction of compulsory
insurance coverage and the establishment of a compensation fund for such
purposes. The Legal Profession (Amendment) Act 1992, which came into force
on 1 April 1992 made Professional Indemnity Insurance compulsory for legal
practitioners. And with the amendment to the Legal Profession Act 1976 vide
the Legal Profession (Amendment) Act 2024, it also includes the limited liability
law partnership. Details on this scheme are provided in the Legal Profession
(Professional Liability) (Insurance) Rules 1992. The compulsory insurance aims
to protect lawyers and the public from the risks of damages, and matters related to
professional incidents. It tends to reduce the burden on practitioners of having to
pay compensation for their errors out of their own pockets. Aside from the above,
the Advocates and Solicitors Compensation Fund, established by the Malaysian
Bar reimburses clients for financial losses suffered due to dishonesty on the part of
an advocate and solicitor or any of his clerks or servants. Payments from the Fund
are “in the form of grants to mitigate losses sustained by members of the public
caused by the acts of dishonesty of an advocate and solicitor”.7 Having said the
above, this Chapter discusses the professional indemnity insurance scheme as well
as payments from the Compensation Fund
Neighboring rights: an analytical and comparative study of window openings from the perspectives of Afghan Civil Code and Hanafi Jurisprudence (Fiqh)
No full textThis research analytically and comparatively discusses the principles of window openings in residential buildings from the perspectives of Afghan Civil code and Hanafi jurisprudence (Fiqh). Every Muslim is obligated to respect the rights of their neighbors and ensure that the window openings does not lead to intrusions into their neighbors’ private lives. The Afghan Civil Code and Hanafi jurisprudence have specific regulations that require maintaining a minimum distance between windows and neighboring properties. The aim of this research is to clarify the principles of the Afghan Civil Code, Hanafi jurisprudence, and ethics concerning the protection of neighbors' rights and privacy, as well as to strengthen social order and prevent the potential harm and disputes. The significance of this research lies in presenting a balanced perspective between modern and traditional values in Afghan society, emphasizing that in window openings all Islamic, legal, and ethical principles and boundaries should be considered in the context of window placement. This research employs a doctrinal method along with descriptive, critical, and analytical approaches. It utilizes primary sources such as the Holy Quran, hadith, Afghan Civil Code, and other relevant national laws. Additionally, secondary sources including legal dictionaries, legal and jurisprudential books, articles, and relevant websites, have been thoroughly considered. All pertinent sources have been critically analyzed. This research provides specific guidelines regarding the principles of window openings and outlines how these can align with statutory and jurisprudential standards. Through its findings, the study aims to foster great respect for neighbors’ privacy and propose appropriate solutions for resolving legal disputes
Modelling of RON97 fuel prices in Malaysia using time series analysis
No full textto its impact on transportation costs and inflation. This study aims to analyse the RON97 fuel prices and develop a forecasting model using Box-Jenkins modelling. The study employs a comprehensive historical weekly dataset of RON97 fuel prices in Malaysia from 30th March 2017 to 18th April 2024 obtained from Malaysia’s Official Open Data Portal. This research focuses on Stage I and Stage II of the Box-Jenkins approach. Stage I involves model identification, including a preliminary assessment of the data's stationarity through differencing and unit root tests. In Stage II, model estimation is applied to identify the most significant Box-Jenkins model to forecast the fuel price. This stage also includes identifying potential Box-Jenkins models based on autocorrelation functions (ACF) and partial autocorrelation functions (PACF). In this study, the analysis is done with the aid of R software, where the potential of this software in forecasting weekly RON97 fuel prices time series data is explored. The result from the analysis revealed that ARIMA (0,1,2) is the best model for forecasting RON97 fuel prices in Malaysia. Box-Jenkins modelling effectively captures the underlying patterns and trends in RON97 fuel prices, highlighting its applicability in economic and financial time series forecasting
Psychological stress and coping strategies among nursing students during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Get PDFNursing students encountered distinctive obstacles during their academic careers due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An increase in mental health concerns was the consequence of the pandemic, which necessitated numerous modifications to their daily routines. Subsequently, students have implemented distinct stress-management strategies that are contingent upon their individual perspectives. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the psychological stress levels and coping strategies employed by nursing students during this time. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional investigation was implemented online. The data were gathered through online surveys, which encompassed assessments of stress perception and coping strategies. The survey was divided into three sections: Part A collected demographic data, Part B employed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Part C employed the Coping Strategies Scale. Results: The study included a total of 220 respondents, who were between the ages of 18 and 25. Among undergraduate students, Year 4 had the maximum representation (35%), followed by Year 1 (22.2%), Years 2 and 3 (21.4%), and so forth. Moderate worry was reported by the majority of students (70.9%). The mean (±SD) score on the Perceived Stress Scale was 20.54 (±6.062), and the mean (±SD) score on the Coping Strategies Scale was 39.47 (±5.848). Conclusion: The study did not identify any correlation or impact between the perceived stress scale, coping strategies, or any of the sociodemographic factors among nursing students. The examination of these factors will enhance comprehension of the mental health obstacles encountered by nursing students during the pandemic. This information can guide the development of targeted interventions by healthcare providers and educational institutions, including stress management workshops, enhanced access to mental health resources, and modifications to curriculum delivery to more effectively support student well-being during future crises