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Mechanical performance and shape memory behavior of 4D printing polylactic acid/biobased thermoplastic polyurethane
Get PDFShape memory materials (SMMs) possess the unique ability to return to their original shape after deformation when exposed to external stimuli, making them highly desirable for applications such as biomedical devices and smart textiles. This study investigates the enhancement of polylactic acid (PLA) by incorporating bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (bTPU) to improve flexibility and shape recovery. PLA/bTPU blends were prepared at varying weight ratios and characterized for mechanical properties, morphology, and shape memory behavior. Results showed that elongation at break increased dramatically from 7.66% in neat PLA to 944.14% in PLA60, indicating a substantial improvement in ductility. Although tensile strength decreased from 43.26MPa (PLA) to 21.80MPa (PLA60), this trade-off was balanced by enhanced flexibility. Morphological analysis revealed a transition from brittle fracture in PLA to ductile, phase-separated “sea-island” morphology in PLA60, with continuous bTPU domains promoting energy dissipation. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups associated with PLA and bTPU without new peak formation, indicating physical blending rather than chemical interaction. Shape recovery tests revealed that recovery improved from 48.25% in PLA to 81.48% in PLA60 under thermal stimulation at 85°C. These results suggest that PLA/bTPU blends offer improved mechanical resilience, elasticity, and shape memory behavior, making them suitable for sustainable 3D and 4D printing applications in fields requiring adaptable material performance. This research contributes to sustainable material engineering and supports the development of adaptable materials for aerospace, automotive, and bioengineering application
KICT marks strong presence at ICON-AI 2025 with award-winning research in rrtificial intelligence
Get PDFKuala Lumpur, 12 November 2025 — The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Its Applications (ICON-AI 2025) was successfully held at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur (UTM-KL). The annual international event gathered leading researchers, industry practitioners, and scholars in Artificial
ntelligence (AI), Machine Learning, Data Science, and emerging intelligent technologies. This year, the Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology (KICT), International Islamic University Malaysia, proudly served as a co-organizer, underscoring the University’s commitment to advancing innovation, interdisciplinary scholarship, and impactful AI research
Ruling 84(56/1): Personal Financing-i Umrah & Travels
No full textThe Shariah Board of Al Rajhi Banking & Investment Corporation (Malaysia) Bhd (the
“Shariah Board”) in its recent meeting held on 09/07/1446 H. corresponding to 09/01/2025 G.
reviewed a proposal concerning “Personal Financing-i Umrah & Travels” submitted by the
Bank
Robust drone detection in adverse weather using YOLOv11 with synthetic rain augmentation
Get PDFThis paper investigates the performance of YOLOv11 models for drone detection under adverse weather simulated via synthetic rain at five intensity levels. Five YOLOv11 variants, n, s, m, l, and x, were fine-tuned using rain-augmented datasets. Results show a consistent degradation in accuracy with increasing rain intensity. Among the models, YOLOv11m achieved the best trade-off, maintaining [email protected] above 0.92 and F1-scores above 0.88 under clear to moderate rain. Fine-tuning significantly improved recall and fitness scores compared to baseline performance. A representative confusion matrix yielded 310 true positives, 59 false negatives, and 37 false positives, illustrating the inherent precision–recall trade-off under visual degradation. Compared to earlier YOLO versions, YOLOv11 demonstrated improved resilience to synthetic rain effects such as occlusion and blur. However, performance dropped sharply under heavy rain conditions. These findings support the application of rain-augmented fine-tuning for robust drone detection. Future work includes sensor fusion and real-world weather validation
Chinese students' pronunciation errors in Arabic speaking skills
Get PDFThis study investigates pronunciation errors in Arabic among Chinese students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Pronunciation is crucial for mastering a language, as it serves as a fundamental skill for effective communication. Research indicates that a person's first language significantly influences their pronunciation of a second language, often leading to difficulties and errors. The distinct differences between Chinese and Arabic pronunciation pose considerable challenges for Chinese native speakers learning Arabic as a second language. Given that pronunciation is a key component of language acquisition, it is essential to conduct a thorough examination of these issues to understand students' pronunciation challenges and their underlying causes. This understanding can aid both teachers and students in developing effective pedagogical strategies and solutions. To accomplish the objectives of this study, one researcher conducted in-depth interviews with Chinese students from various Kulliyyahs at IIUM and recorded their pronunciation for comparative analysis. The results reveal that the most challenging sounds for Chinese students are those that do not exist in Mandarin, such as (أ، ه، ح، خ، ع، غ، ص، ط، ظ، ض), among others. These findings highlight the need for targeted instructional approaches that address specific phonetic difficulties. In conclusion, the researcher proposes solutions based on the identified challenges and their root causes, which could significantly enhance the Arabic learning experience for Chinese student
Coastal tourism through a Muslim women’s gaze: insights from Malaysia
Get PDFTourism is not only a movement of people but also a socially constructed way of seeing shaped by culture, religion, and gender. Coastal tourism is often associated with open bodily display and carefree leisure, which may conflict with Muslim women’s expectations of modesty, safety, and family orientation. While Malaysia positions itself as a leading Muslim-friendly destination, limited research has centred Muslim women’s voices in beach-based tourism. This study addresses this gap by applying and extending Urry’s tourist gaze theory through the development of a Muslim Women’s Tourist Gaze Framework (MWTG). Using a qualitative, interpretive single-case design, Port Dickson (PD) was studied through 25 semi-structured interviews with Muslim women tourists and key stakeholders, supported by on-site observations. Thematic analysis revealed that women’s coastal experiences are organized around three interlinked logics: (1) ethical-spiritual, viewing nature as a site of gratitude and reflection; (2) family-collective, prioritizing safety, modesty, and kinship roles; and (3) environmental stewardship, valuing cleanliness and preservation. Findings extend the tourist gaze beyond Eurocentric assumptions by embedding faith, family, and ecological care into coastal leisure. Practically, the study highlights the importance of modesty-supportive infrastructure, halal assurance, and sustainability in strengthening Malaysia’s coastal tourism appeal
NexusLearn: mapping the invisible ties of classroom collaboration
No full textUnderstanding student interaction is crucial for effective teaching, especially in mathematics course such as Computational Mathematics course. However, educators often lack clear insights into the peer-to-peer learning networks that form in their classrooms, making it difficult to identify isolated students or key knowledge-sharers. This project introduces NexusLearn, an innovative dashboard report designed to address this gap. NexusLearn leverages Social Network Analysis (SNA) to translate student relational data (friendship and peer-tutoring) into flexdashboard report. This R-based tool provides interactive visualizations of the classroom network structure, enabling educators to readily discern influential students based on centrality metrics and analyze the topological of these connections. This innovation demonstrates a scalable, data-driven method for lecturer to optimize group formations, design targeted interventions and improve student engagement. NexusLearn serves as a low-cost, high-impact prototype for a new form of learning analytics reporting
Design and implementation of a multi-layered security platform for IoT device management
No full textThe rapid proliferation of Internet of Things
(IoT) devices has introduced substantial challenges related to
security, scalability, and centralized management particularly
within open-source ecosystems. This study presents the design
and implementation of an open-source IoT Device Management
Platform enhanced with a multi-layered security architecture.
The platform incorporates Time-Based One-Time Password
(TOTP) authentication and real-time push notifications to
strengthen user verification and access control. Additional
protective measures, such as frontend input validation and
backend rate-limiting middleware, are integrated to defend
against common web-based attacks, including brute-force and
denial-of-service attempts. Built on a Django backend and
Vue.js frontend, the system offers an efficient and user-friendly
interface for real-time device monitoring and control.
Performance and security evaluations, including stress testing
under high concurrency, confirm the platform’s robustness,
responsiveness, and resistance to abuse. As an open-source
initiative, the system promotes community-driven development
and extensibility. Future enhancements will explore the
integration of CAPTCHA, real-time alerting, anomaly
detection, and broader protocol support to further advance
secure IoT management practices
When typhoid skips the gut: Salmonella Typhi presenting as a submental abscess
Get PDFIntroduction: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi typically causes enteric fever, with bacteraemia and gastrointestinal involvement. Isolation from extraintestinal sites such as soft tissue abscesses is rare. We report an unusual case of Salmonella Typhi isolated from a submental abscess in a patient with no gastrointestinal symptoms. Case report: A 61-year-old man with underlying uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presented with painful anterior neck swelling for 2 weeks, associated with odynophagia. Examination revealed a fluctuant 7x7 cm submental mass, erythematous with necrotic patch and pus discharge. Pus and tissue cultures yielded pure growth of Gram-negative rod, non-fermenter, positive for O, H and Vi antigen confirmed as Salmonella Typhi. The isolate was susceptible to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. He was treated successfully with a combination of surgical drainage and intravenous ampicillin-sulbactam for 10 days. Discussion: Extraintestinal infections due to Salmonella Typhi are uncommon and often associated with predisposing conditions such as diabetes mellitus or immunosuppression. In such cases, haematogenous dissemination from an unrecognised or asymptomatic bacteraemia may seed distant tissues. The absence of gastrointestinal symptoms in our patient highlights the potential for Salmonella Typhi to present atypically, complicating clinical diagnosis. This rare case of Salmonella Typhi in a submental abscess broadens the clinical spectrum of extraintestinal salmonellosis and highlights the importance of microbiological testing in head and neck infections. Prompt culture, targeted antimicrobial therapy, and appropriate surgical intervention remain essential to achieve favourable outcomes
Lung Abscess as an atypical manifestation of invasive non-typhoidal salmonella in a high-risk host with multiple metabolic comorbidities
No full textIntroduction
Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) infections are uncommon in immunocompetent adults but may occur in
those with underlying metabolic comorbidities. Lung abscess is a rare pulmonary manifestation of iNTS.
Case Presentation
A 39-year-old man with hypertension, class III obesity, and active smoking presented with acute breathlessness,
two weeks of productive cough, and three days of diarrhoea. On arrival, he was severely tachypnoeic with SpO₂
65% on room air. Arterial blood gas confirmed type 2 respiratory failure. He was started on non-invasive
ventilation and admitted to ICU. Due to worsening CO₂ retention, he was intubated and later developed a
pneumothorax requiring chest tube insertion. Empirical intravenous ceftriaxone and azithromycin were initiated
for severe pneumonia with ARDS. Blood cultures grew Salmonella group, sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin,
ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. CT thorax revealed a right lung abscess with mediastinal
lymphadenopathy. IV ciprofloxacin was initiated but withheld due to suspected allergy; ceftriaxone was resumed.
He was extubated on day six. On day eight, therapy was switched to oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,
followed by successful ciprofloxacin rechallenge. Laboratory workup revealed newly diagnosed diabetes (HbA1c
6.5%). Full-body CT at week three (NTSVI score 2) excluded vascular involvement and showed regression of
pulmonary lesions. He completed 51 days of antibiotics with clinical and radiological resolution.
Conclusion
This case underscores the importance of recognising metabolic and lifestyle-related vulnerabilities, such as
undiagnosed diabetes, obesity, and smoking, in patients with invasive Salmonella infections presenting with
atypical manifestations like lung abscess. Comprehensive risk assessment and tailored management strategies
are critical to ensure timely recovery and prevent complications