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Microplastic distribution in the fish flesh as physical pollutants: preliminary study
No full textMicroplastics, as physical pollutants, have become a hazard and can accumulate in fish tissues. There is limited documentation of the spread of microplastic buildup in fish flesh. The purpose of this research was to investigate the distribution of microplastics in fish flesh. This study used the golden threadfin bream (Nemipterus virgatus) as one of the commercial marine fish in Peninsular Malaysia. The fish was dissected by filleting and separated through its dorsal, ventral, and caudal parts to observe if there was variation in the accumulation of microplastics in each part of the fish flesh. The findings show that the caudal part has the most microplastic accumulation compared to the dorsal and ventral parts. However, there is no significant difference in the amount of microplastic discovered in any part of the fish based on statistical analysis. The bulk of the microplastics identified are black and have a fibre form. Polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene are types of microplastics found in the fish flesh. This research shows that microplastics can accumulate in every part of the fish flesh in varying amounts. To accurately depict the average number of microplastics in fish flesh, it is recommended to randomly sample the fish flesh for detection
توظيف النهي عن الشرطين في بيع لتحقيق العدالة والتوازن في عقود التمويل الإسلامية بسلطنة عمان
No full textناقش هذا البحث قاعدة النهي عن شرطين في بيع بوصفها مبدأ فقهيا أصيلا في فقه المعاملات الإسلامية، ويفحص مدى قابليتها للتطبيق في عقود التمويلية الإسلامية الحديثة، حصوصا في سلطنة عمان. تنطلق الدراسة من فرضية مفادها: أن إغفال هذه القاعدة أو تحييدها في بعض صور التمويل الإسلامي، قد يؤدي إلى اختلال في العدالة العقدية، ويفتح الباب للغرر أو الإلزام الضمني، مما يتعارض مع مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية في حفظ الحقوق والتوازن بين المتعاقدين. اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، مع توظيف المنهج الاستنباطي والمقارن عند الحاجة، حيث تم تحليل الأصول الفقهية للقاعدة، واستعراض نماذج تطبيقية من عمان، إلى جانب عرض ومناقشة عدد من الدراسات السابقة ذات الصلة. وتوصل المقال إلى أن قاعدة النهي عن شرطين في بيع ليست مجرد قاعدة فقهية تقليدية، بل تعد أداة فاعلة لضبط العقود التمويلية ومنع الشروط التعسفية أو المركبة التي قد تفضي إلى عدم التوازن التعاقدي. وقد أوصى المقال بضرورة تضمين هذه القاعدة في الأطر التشريعية العمانية، وتفعيل دور هيآت الرقابة الشرعية في مراقبة الشروط التعاقدية المركبة، إلى جانب تأهيل العاملين في القطاع المالي بفهم مقاصدي للقواعد الفقهية المنظمة للعقود
Realisme magis dan budaya masyarakat Melayu Nusantara dalam novel Cinta Sang Ratu = Magical realism and Malay Nusantara culture in Cinta Sang Ratu
No full textAliran realisme magis wujud dalam karya sastera yang mempunyai gabungan antara dua dunia, iaitu dunia nyata dengan dunia fantasi. Aliran ini memainkan peranan penting dalam dunia sastera kerana memperlihatkan budaya dan adat resam masyarakat di Nusantara melalui cerminan kehidupan yang digambarkan dalam karya sastera. Sehubungan itu, makalah ini berhasrat untuk mengenal pasti tiga prinsip realisme magis Wendy B. Faris (2004), iaitu irreducible elements, merging realms dan disruption of time, space and identity yang terdapat dalam novel Cinta Sang Ratu karya Ramlee Awang Murshid (2007). Selain itu, konteks budaya dan adat resam Melayu Nusantara yang sarat dengan unsur tradisional yang terakam dalam karya ini turut dianalisis menerusi prinsip unsettling doubts. Analisis kandungan diupayakan untuk menganalisis karya berpacukan teori realisme magis. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa unsur magis seperti unsur sihir, kepercayaan kepada tuhan dan gangguan waktu, yang merupakan antara unsur magis utama, ditonjolkan dalam novel Cinta Sang Ratu. Unsur magis ini memenuhi prinsip teori realisme magis yang telah dikenal pasti. Prinsip realisme magis membuktikan kewujudan gabungan antara dunia nyata dan dunia magis melalui unsur-unsur yang telah dinyatakan. Selain itu, kajian ini juga memberi impak dari sudut pemahaman budaya masyarakat Melayu dari Nusantara, khususnya menerusi kesinambungan budaya seperti aspek Jenglot dan silat antara kedua-dua negara ini yang terdapat dalam Cinta Sang Ratu.
***** The magical realism genre is often found in literary works that combine two worlds: the real world and the fantastical realm. This genre is significant in literature as it highlights the culture and traditions of the Malay Archipelago through the portrayal of life in literary works. This study seeks to delineate three aspects of magical realism as articulated by Wendy B. Faris (2004): irreducible elements, merging realms, and disruption of time, space, and identity, as evidenced in the Ramlee Awang Murshid’s (2007) novel, Cinta Sang Ratu. The cultural context and Malay Nusantara customs, which are imbued with traditional aspects in the novel, are also examined through the lens of unsettling doubts. Content analysis is employed to examine the novel using the magical realism theory. The findings reveal that key magical elements, including witchcraft, belief in God, and temporal anomalies, are prominently included in Cinta Sang Ratu. These magical elements support the magical realism theory identified. The notion of magical realism illustrates the interplay between the actual and the magical realms through the aforementioned characteristics. This study also affects the readers’ understanding of the Malay archipelago’s societal culture, notably on the continuity of cultural elements such as Jenglot and silat found in the two countries discussed in Cinta Sang Ratu
Advancing inclusive planning: mapping the multi-stakeholder perspective and engagement of Indigenous development in selangor, Malaysia
No full textOrang Asli communities in Selangor, Malaysia, face increasing pressures from rapid urbanization, socio-economic marginalization, and cultural erosion. This study explores the perspectives of key stakeholders involved in Indigenous development, aiming to understand how inclusive, multi-stakeholder planning can support sustainable outcomes for the Orang Asli. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives from four institutions: a state agency, JAKOA, a cultural museum, and an NGO. Thematic analysis was applied to examine stakeholder responses across three domains: economic development, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability. Findings reveal five key themes: the need for a formal framework, economic vulnerability, cultural heritage preservation, environmental stewardship, and inclusive governance. Despite fragmented efforts, stakeholders express strong support for coordinated, culturally sensitive planning. The study highlights the importance of empowering Indigenous voices, integrating traditional knowledge, and fostering collaborative governance structures. In conclusion, while current initiatives provide a foundation, more comprehensive and participatory frameworks are essential to advancing Indigenous development. Future research should involve direct engagement with Orang Asli communities and assess the long-term impacts of implemented strategies to ensure inclusive and resilient development planning
The impact of gamification in enhancing students’ speaking skills
No full textGamification in education appears to be an emerging trend, as it is perceived to make teaching and learning more engaging and motivating. However, despite its popularity, there is limited research on how well it improves language skills, specifically speaking skills. Among the four language abilities (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), speaking skills are considered the most important. This review therefore aims to recognise the impacts of gamification in improving speaking skills from learners’ perspectives of different ages and academic levels by reviewing 13 articles and journals from the year 2019 to 2023. The findings suggest incorporating the elements of gamification in the classroom benefits the learners in terms of increasing motivation, enhancing speaking skills and competency, increasing participation and engagement, creating a better learning environment, fostering students’ collaboration, reducing speaking anxiety and promoting overall positive perception towards gamification. This literature review aims to provide a better overview of the impact of gamification in enhancing learners' speaking skills and recommendations for future researchers to explore more benefits of gamification on speaking skills from both learners’ and instructors’ perspective
Factors influencing drug regimen complexity, its impact on geriatric patients’ attitude toward deprescribing, and opportunities for simplification
No full textBackground
This study aims to identify factors associated with medication regimen complexity (MRC), its impact on patients’ attitude toward deprescribing, and the potential regimen simplifications.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among older adults attending outpatient clinics at a teaching hospital in Kuantan, Malaysia. MRC was assessed using the MRC Index (MRCI), while patients’ attitudes toward deprescribing were measured using the revised Patient Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire. For bivariate analyses, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for continuous variables. Alternatively, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-signed rank were used for nonparametric variables. The Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the correlation of high MRCI with patients’ attitude toward deprescribing. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine predictors of MRC and perceived medication burden which was measured using the burden domain of the rPATD.
Results
A total of 378 older adult patients participated, with a median MRCI score of 14 (range: 10.0–19.0). Polypharmacy [p < 0.001], Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) [p < 0.001], and management of medications [self-managed: p = 0.009, partially self-managed: p = 0.015] significantly predicted high MRCI. The perceived medication burden was significantly associated with monthly income [p = 0.029] and polypharmacy [p < 0.001]. It was found that 52.2% of the patients want to be involved in decision-making about their medications and 94.8% of the patients were willing to stop one or more of their medications. A moderate correlation was observed between MRCI and perceived burden [r = 0.333, p < 0.001]. Theoretical regimen simplification resulted in a statistically significant reduction in median MRCI scores [p < 0.001].
Conclusion
Older adults often experience moderate to high regimen complexity, which impacts their perceived medication burden. Future research should focus on implementing practical strategies for regimen simplification in clinical settings
Exploring the environmental sustainability through customers’ acceptance: voices of the prospects of eco-friendly menstrual products (EFMP) in Malaysia
No full textSolid waste in Malaysia is facing an issue of the increment of the daily collected solid waste. One of the methods to settle this problem is by encouraging the use of eco-friendly menstrual product (EFMP). The objective of this research is to understand of Environmental Sustainability through the customers’ acceptance: voices of the prospects of Eco-Friendly Menstrual Products (EFMP) in Malaysia. Observation has been done in two main supermarkets in Malaysia with in-depth, face to face interview among five women in Klang Valley area. The Findings shows that the prospects are lacking about the awareness of EFMP. Also, the factors affecting the encouragement of the prospects to use EFMP are the awareness, products, environmental concern, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, menstruation and price. In conclusion, EFMP is something new in the market where the managers and policymakers has to be more creative in introducing and encouraging the usage of EFM
Consumer protection law in Malaysia
No full textThis book provides guidance on the implied guarantees offered under the Consumer Protection Act 1999 (CPA 1999) in contracts for the supply of goods and services, and guides readers through the different redress mechanisms available to consumers. It provides a clear explanation of the key concepts and principles of Malaysian consumer law, with focus on the provisions and application of the CPA 1999.
Considering the dearth of literature on this area of the law, this book meets a significant gap to offer valuable elucidation on the rights of consumers and the obligations of businesses and service providers. The close analyses of the applicable statutory provisions shine light into the dark corners where consumer rights may be hidden or even lost. Readers will be enlightened on the implied guarantees in respect of the supply of goods and services. Misleading and deceptive conduct, false representation, and unfair practices will be clearly understood through the careful discussion in one chapter.
Besides the law laid down by the main consumer statute, this book helpfully widens its coverage to three related areas which significantly impact the Malaysian society. Expert contributors have provided valuable knowledge on the law relating to housing and electronic commerce. The intersection of competition law with consumer rights has also been usefully considered.
The content is designed with intent to be student-friendly. Readers will be able to easily grasp basic understanding of consumer rights, the applicable laws, and relevant legal recourse and remedies. This book will be the textbook for students taking consumer law and commercial law as well as a quick reference for lawyers and a handy guide for informed laymen
Radial tool wear analysis and compensation strategy for microhole arrays in sequential hybrid laser beam micromachining (LBMM) and micro‑EDM
No full textMicrohole arrays have significant applications across various industries, including aerospace, turbo machinery, industrial
filtration, microfluidic devices, and biomedical engineering. Several methods exist for manufacturing microhole arrays,
but the sequential hybrid laser beam micromachining (LBMM) and microelectrical discharge machining (μEDM) process
offers complementary advantages, significantly reducing production time while achieving high precision. However, due tothe pre-existing tapered holes created by LBMM, tool wear during the subsequent μEDM process primarily occurs on the
sides of the electrode, leading to more significant radial wear. Reusing the same electrode results in tapered holes, while
frequent electrode replacement is impractical and costly. This study investigates the tool wear characteristics in the hybrid
LBMM–μEDM process across different materials and thicknesses and proposes compensation strategies to improve machining
consistency. Axial and radial tool wear lengths were characterized by machining 300-μm microhole arrays on 600 and
200-μm thick copper and stainless steel workpieces, with microscopic images of the electrode captured after each machining
step. Analysis revealed that the hybrid LBMM–μEDM process resulted in more prominent radial tool wear length compared
to the pure μEDM process, while the pure μEDM process exhibited higher axial tool wear length. Radial wear was more
pronounced in stainless steel than in copper, and thicker workpieces increased axial wear. To address tapering, a compensation
strategy was developed by adjusting the programmed depth based on radial wear, reducing the taper angle by 7 × . This
approach enables the hybrid process to match the hole quality of pure μEDM while achieving a 4 × faster machining rate
Assessing the level of digital technology use and readiness among micro-entrepreneurs from low-income backgrounds
No full textThe rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly increased the importance of using digital tools in business management and marketing practices. To remain competitive in a dynamic market environment, it is essential for today's entrepreneurs to develop readiness in terms of skills, cognitive capacity, and technological tools to adopt digital technologies. This assumption is equally relevant to the growth and sustainability of micro-entrepreneurs from low-income backgrounds, particularly those receiving business assistance. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study assesses the level of adoption of digital technology and readiness among micro-entrepreneurs from this group. TAM is a widely used model for how users come to accept and use new technology, focusing on individual internal motivational factors, such as perceived usefulness and ease of use. A survey methodology was employed to collect the necessary data. The participants were micro-entrepreneurs classified as poor and needy who had received business capital support from the Negeri Sembilan Islamic Religious Council, funded through zakat-based resources. The findings indicate that the usage of digital technology is at a moderate level, while the readiness to adopt it is relatively high, with mean values of 3.578 and 4.023, respectively. ANOVA analysis reveals that skills readiness (p = 0.022, p < 0.05) and cognitive readiness (p = 0.04, p < 0.05) are significantly associated with the extent of digital technology utilization. The results indicate that the possession of relevant skills and a positive mindset regarding the benefits of digital technology play a key role in determining its usage in business operations. These results highlight the need for targeted training programs aimed at enhancing digital competencies among low-income entrepreneurs. Strengthening these capacities is essential to support business sustainability and growth. This study aligns with the first Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) on poverty eradication, emphasizing the role of zakat optimization through productive distribution and the integration of modern technologie