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Redefining asnaf fi sabillah: contemporary interpretations and zakat distribution practices in Islamic banking and finance institutions (IBFIs)
Get PDFThis study examines the contemporary interpretations of asnaf fi sabillah in the context of Islamic Banking and Finance Institutions (IBFIs) and their zakat distribution practices. The research explores the evolution of fi sabillah interpretation from its classical, primarily military-focused understanding to its broader, more inclusive modern conceptualizations. Through a comprehensive literature review encompassing institutional practices, ijtihad fatwa, and academic studies, the research identifies significant variations in interpretation and application across different Islamic jurisdictions and schools of thought. The study employs a qualitative methodology, including library research and expert interviews, analyzed through both qualitative and thematic approaches. A theoretical framework integrating Maqasid al-Shariah, Maslahah Theory, and Islamic Finance Development Theory is utilized to evaluate various interpretations and their alignment with Islamic principles and contemporary needs. The research reveals a general trend towards broader interpretations of fi sabillah that encompass educational, social, and economic development activities. However, it also highlights ongoing debates and disagreements regarding the scope and application of this concept. The study identifies several research gaps, particularly concerning the specific role of IBFIs in interpreting and applying fi sabillah in their zakat distribution strategies. Based on these findings, the research proposes guidelines for IBFIs in channelling zakat to fi sabillah recipients, emphasizing the need for balanced distribution, prioritization of core zakat objectives, and alignment with Maqasid Shariah. These guidelines aim to ensure that zakat distribution through the fi sabillah category contributes effectively to the development of Islamic banking and finance while adhering to Islamic principles and addressing contemporary socio-economic challenges. The study concludes by highlighting the importance of continued scholarly discourse and ijtihad in adapting Islamic financial practices to modern context
Jenamakan media Melayu jika mahukan bahasa Melayu diperkasa
No full textMEDIA Melayu mesti diperkasakan terlebih dahulu jika kita mahu bercakap mengenai peranan media dalam memperkasakan Bahasa Melayu. Dan apa itu ‘media Melayu?’ Kita alpa.
Tidak ada pengiktirafan sosial, akademik atau dasar mengenai maksud ‘media Melayu.’ Namun, media Melayu adalah satu realiti sosial dan sejarah. Wajar kita mengiktiraf entiti/kategori media Melayu atas sebab kepentingan kebangsaan. Esei ini menjurus kepada media Melayu sebagai merangkumi satu identiti kolektif organisasi, wartawan dan kewartawanan, yang dapat disifatkan sebagai cetak, radio dan televisyen, dan kini menyalur dan menjelma dalam talian dan dipaparkan melalui pelbagai pelantar digital.
Namun, apa yang perlu kita ambil perhatian ialah media Melayu ini dikendalikan oleh orang Melayu, khususnya wartawan dan editor Melayu, serta dibiayai oleh kepentingan Melayu. Pengiktirafan media Melayu adalah atas kepentingan kebangsaan. Cuba kita lihat media Cina, contoh kewartawanan berbahasa Cina dan kewartawanan berbahasa Inggeris. Ia dikendalikan oleh golongan wartawan dan editor Cina. Dan sudah tentu, ia tidak akan memperkasakan Bahasa Melayu
Optimizing n-1 contingency rankings using a nature-inspired modified sine cosine algorithm
Get PDFEnsuring the reliability and sustainability of power systems is essential for maintaining efficient and uninterrupted operations, especially under varying load conditions and potential faults. This study tackles the critical task of contingency ranking by evaluating the severity of disturbances caused by transmission line disconnections. Such evaluations enable power system operators to make informed and strategic decisions during real-time scenarios. A novel approach utilizing the Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm (MSCA), a nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization technique, is proposed to resolve (N-1) contingency rankings efficiently. The MSCA method is validated using the IEEE 30-bus test case, focusing on optimal parameter tuning for population size, iterations, and key variables. Results demonstrate that MSCA achieves a high capture ratio of 96.67%, explores only 8.33 × 10??% of the search space, and requires a processing time of 3.69 seconds. Compared with established methods such as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), MSCA exhibits superior computational efficiency while maintaining competitive accuracy. These findings underline the potential of MSCA in real-time applications where speed and precision are critical. By closely matching manual contingency rankings, the proposed method integrates reliability assessment and optimization techniques, offering practical value for improving system resilience and reducing risks associated with disruptions. This research advances state-of-the-art power system reliability assessment and optimization approaches, providing operators and planners with a robust tool for addressing complex contingency challenge
Effectiveness of diabetes little helper video intervention on medication adherence among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Henan, China: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Get PDFIntroduction In the management of medication adherence in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), traditional methods such as verbal guidance and written materials may have certain limitations. Therefore, the development of digital intervention measures may play a key role in addressing these shortcomings. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Diabetes Little Helper (DLH) video intervention in improving medication adherence among elderly patients with T2DM in Henan province, China. Methods and analysis A parallel cluster randomised controlled trial will be applied in the current study. The two hospitals will be randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 68 patients in each arm. Both groups will receive standard care, meanwhile the intervention group will receive an additional DLH video intervention. Data collection is planned at baseline, 1 month after intervention and at 3- month follow- up. Once the study is completed, the control group will also receive the similar video as in the intervention arm to uphold the ethical issues. Ethics and dissemination This study has obtained ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of University Putra Malaysia (JKEUPM- 2023- 1279) and Henan Provincial People’s Hospital (20240107). The research results will also be submitted for publication in peer- reviewed journals
The Interface between competition and data protection law: What Malaysia can learn from the case of facebook
Get PDFThis paper aims to explore the interaction between competition and personal data protection law in the light of the Bundeskartellamt’s decision against Facebook for abusing its dominant position through unfair terms relating to personal data processing. Specifically, this paper tries to discuss when breach of data privacy raises competition law concerns. This paper will discuss what Malaysia can learn from the case of Facebook and whether competition law can intervene in the area of data privacy given that competition law applies to all economic sectors and the concept of abuse of dominant position is wide enough to catch various forms of conduct including those that relates to unfair personal data processing. This paper mainly employs a doctrinal legal approach relying on both primary data (such as competition law legislations and cases) and secondary data such as journal articles, competition law guidelines1 Among important findings from this research are: competition law can be used to prevent unfair terms in relation to personal data processing despite the existence of data protection laws. The competition authorities may also refer to data protection principles in establishing an infringement under the competition law due to commonalities of principles in the two legislations, provided that the core element of abusive conduct can be established and there should be close consultation between the two regulators
First-principles analysis of potassium and magnesium adsorption on an innovative VC4 monolayer
Get PDFMg-ion batteries (MgIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered excellent energy storage options due to their
affordability and similarity to Li-ion batteries (LIBs) regarding the rocking chair mechanism. Nevertheless, a
significant challenge exists in the form of a shortage of suitable electrode materials that can provide high performance for KIBs and MgIBs. Our study utilized first-principles calculations based on density functional theory
(DFT) to evaluate the potential of the VC4 monolayer as an anode material for MgIBs and KIBs. The results
indicate that Mg and K adsorption on the surface of VC4 is associated with negative favorable energies. Moreover,
the VC4 monolayer can effectively achieve double-layer adsorption for K/Mg on both sides of its surface. The VC4
exhibits a remarkably high theoretical capability of 812 mA h/g for KIBs and 1624 mA h/g for MgIBs. These
exceptional capacities for KIBs and MgIBs primarily arise from the minimal Coulombic repulsion forces between
the VC4 sheet and K/Mg. Moreover, K and Mg portray large diffusivity on VC4, illustrated by low energy barriers
of 0.15 eV and 0.09 eV, respectively. Moreover, the open circuit voltages (OCV), measuring 0.28 V for MgIBs and
0.49 V for KIBs, are notably lower than in previous studies. Despite the relatively large size of K+/Mg+ ions, the
maximum alteration in VC4 lattice parameters stands at 6.01 % and 6.8 %, respectively. This observation
highlights the material’s structural stability, ensuring robust cycling performance for KIBs and MgIBs. These
results underscore the potential of the VC4 monolayer as a novel candidate for KIBs and MgIBs
Unraveling bioactive constituents isolated from knema hookeriana warb. As potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
No full textThe Myristicaceae family, particularly the Knema genus, is renowned for its diverse bioactive compounds, including lignans, flavonoids, and phenolics. This study explores the phytochemical profile of Knema hookeriana Warb. leaves and evaluates their potential as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Phytochemical extraction was performed using a cold maceration method with a polarity-gradient solvent system (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The isolated compounds were purified through chromatographic techniques and structurally characterized using spectroscopic analyses (IR, NMR, and MS) alongside literature comparison. AChE inhibitory activity was assessed using the Ellman method. Seven bioactive compounds were successfully isolated: aptosimon (1), cubebin acetate (2), bicubebin A (3), 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), 4',5,7-trimethoxyflavone (5), luteolin (6), and epicatechin (7). Among these, aptosimon (1) exhibited the most potent AChE inhibition, with an IC50 value of 60.8 µg/mL. Molecular docking studies corroborated the in vitro results, demonstrating strong AChE binding affinities for the compounds, with aptosimon (1) showing favorable interactions. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Knema species and their bioactive compounds, paving the way for further research into their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications, particularly in neurodegenerative disease managemen
Evaluation of cold storage effect on Murrah buffalo milk yoghurt quality and safety attributes through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
No full textBuffalo milk yoghurt is valued for its flavour, nutrition, and health benefits, but storage conditions affect its quality. This study assessed physicochemical and microbiological changes in buffalo milk yoghurt during cold storage (4 ◦C) using FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. A commercial starter culture was inoculated into standardised buffalo milk, and samples were collected at six time points (0, 24, 48 h, 7, 14, and 28 days). Analyses included colour, texture, syneresis, pH, titratable acidity, water activity, and microbial counts. FTIR-OPLS-DA effectively discriminated storage times (Q2 = 0.91, R2Y = 0.979). Over time, redness (a*), yellow-ness (b*), consistency, and syneresis changed significantly, while lightness (L *) and firmness remained stable. Cohesiveness and work of cohesion decreased after 28 days. Lactic acid bacteria and total aerobic bacteria increased post-fermentation, with titratable acidity rising from 0.16 ± 0.02 to 1.64 ± 0.08 and pH dropping to 4.10 ± 0.01. These findings highlight the impact of cold storage on yoghurt quality and the effectiveness of FTIR
spectroscopy for rapid assessment
INCORPORATING ISLAMIC PRINCIPLES IN EVENT CONTENT: ENHANCING THE APPEAL OF ISLAMIC TOURISM
Get PDFThis research aims to increase the attractiveness of Islamic tourism by exploring the use of Islamic principles
in event content following the increasing demand for Islamic tourism that encompasses a firm adherence to
Islamic beliefs and values. Therefore, incorporating Islamic ideas into event planning and implementation
is expected to further enhance the Muslim travel experience in Malaysia, which requires them to meet
religious and cultural demands while traveling. This research aims to comprehensively evaluate and create
an inclusive event design framework using core Islamic principles to enhance the broader appeal of Islamic
tourism. To gain an understanding of how Islamic teachings can be incorporated into the content of an event,
structured interviews were used involving industry professionals and event organizers sharing their views.
The study also considered the benefits of promoting good manners and ethics that not only benefit organizers
but also visitors to understand and foster a sense of community. By collectively combining a literature review
and qualitative analysis, this study highlights definitive best practices for integrating Islamic principles into
event content and discusses the subsequent implications for the development of sustainable Islamic tourism.
The results suggest that by aligning event proposals with Islamic ethics and doctrine, events can attract
additional Muslim visitors which can help with the growth of the Islamic tourism spher