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Similarities between Muslims and Infils in punishment comparative analysis study
No full textIslam emphasizes justice in implementing and carrying out a punishment. Every criminal who commits a crime should be given a punishment that is appropriate according to the rules and guidelines set by the shara'. Punishment in Islam is not intended to take revenge and oppress the offender, but punishment is for the good of the criminal himself and at the same time to protect the interests of society. In the implementation of punishment, the principle of equality is the main basis without distinguishing between every individual Muslim and non-Muslim. However, the principle of equality in punishment must be appropriate and not oppress the criminal. Therefore, the researcher wants to study whether there are similarities and differences of opinion among scholars regarding punishment between Muslims and infidels in the punishment of hudud, qisas and takzir. This study is a qualitative study, namely by studying books that discuss the punishment imposed on Muslims and infidels. As a result of this study, the researcher found that not all punishments imposed on infidels are similar to Muslims. However, there is also an opinion that says that infidels receive the same punishment as Muslims. In addition, there are also punishments that are only specific to Muslims such as hudud punishment, while infidels are exempt from hudud punishment and judges can choose to reject the case to the civil court or implement hudud punishment also to infidels who commit offenses under hudud punishment. Takzir punishment also has many similarities because this punishment is based on judges and the federal constitution. People who believe in Allah swt must accept the orders set by Allah which are written in the Quran and hadith. A constitution that does not threaten and challenge the integrity of the Islamic religion and the sanctity of Allah's law and does not deviate from the Islamic faith and is also considered good by Muslims should be accepted and lived as a valid constitution in terms of shara' law. Muslims and non-Muslims living in Islamic countries must comply with what Islam has outlined so that society can live in peace and tranquility. In addition, society can also live their lives without fear and phobia if society can follow and respect everything that Islam has taught
Efficient skyline query processing in incomplete graph databases using machine learning techniques
Get PDFSkyline queries play a critical role in multi-criteria decision-making systems by retrieving non-dominated data points from large datasets. In recent years, the rapid growth of graph-structured data across various domains has introduced challenges in efficiently processing skyline queries over incomplete and large-scale graph databases. Processing skyline queries in such massive, incomplete graphs is computationally intensive due to missing values and high-dimensional data. Traditional techniques often fail to scale or effectively handle data imperfections. There is a pressing need for a scalable, intelligent framework that can manage missing data, reduce computational overhead, and improve skyline query efficiency. This study adopts the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) to design and implement an optimisation framework that integrates machine learning techniques, including domination score ranking, dimension-based filtering, K-Means clustering and quicksort. These methods collectively reduce the search space and redundant comparisons. Experimental evaluation on real graph datasets demonstrates significant improvements in skyline computation time and accuracy, with clear reductions in pairwise comparisons and improved processing efficiency on large-scale graphs. By leveraging machine learning techniques for sorting, filtering and clustering, the approach reduces computational complexity and enhances scalability. These results show promising directions for applying intelligent query optimization in big data environment
Psychometric validation of a healthcare professionals' attitude assessment scale toward maternal vaccination: a Rasch model analysis
No full textIntroduction: Maternal vaccination is a proven strategy to protect newborns from vaccine-preventable diseases, yet its success depends heavily on healthcare professionals' attitudes and recommendations. In Malaysia, a validated and culturally appropriate tool to measure these attitudes is lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate a culturally relevant, reliable tool to assess healthcare professionals' attitudes toward maternal vaccination MATERIALS AND METHODS: The items were initially developed based on an extensive review of literature, vaccination guidelines, and expert reviews, followed by content and face validity involving nine and 30 reviewers, respectively. A pilot study was conducted on 196 respondents, and the reliability and validity were assessed using Rasch analysis (RA).
Results: Initially, 26 items were developed. However, only half of the items passed the content validity phase, with another two items removed post face validation. Eleven items were piloted for assessment of reliability and validity. Three items were removed due to concerns over their fit indices, and one item for redundancy. The final refined questionnaire consisted of seven items, demonstrating good reliability (person reliability = 0.80, separation index = 1.98), unidimensionality, and appropriate rating scale functioning, confirming its suitability for assessing healthcare professionals' attitudes toward maternal vaccination.
Conclusion: This study presents a psychometrically sound tool to measure healthcare professionals' attitudes toward maternal vaccination
Behavourial aspects in placemaking within transit-oriented development
Get PDFTransit-oriented development (TOD) has attracted significant attention globally for its effective role in promoting pedestrian-friendly environments. Recent implementations have focused on urban redevelopment, with the goal of enhancing walkability and TOD placemaking. The significance of TOD is evidenced by public behaviours within the TOD area. Hence, this research aimed to comprehend the significance of the behavioural aspects in building sense of place within public space in relation to TOD. The study evaluates literature spanning from 1993 to 2021, drawing from various disciplines such as architecture, urban design, environmental geography, psychology, and sociology. The studies incorporate multiple sources including reviews, case studies, and theoretical works. The findings of this study suggest that people’s behaviour and daily routines are influenced by their needs. Understanding the psychological patterns and needs of the public is crucial to effective placemaking in TOD neighbourhood
Face validity and internal consistency of the modified general nutrition knowledge questionnaire: a study among Malaysian medical and nutrition undergraduates
No full textIntroduction: Limited nutritional knowledge is associated with nutrient-related diseases such as diabetes, osteoporosis, iron deficiency and cardiovascular diseases. This study assessed the clarity and internal consistency of a modified General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ) tailored to Malaysian dietary guidelines. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students from a private university and undergraduate nutrition students from a public university in Malaysia. The questionnaire included domains of dietary recommendations, nutrient sources, food choices, and diet-disease relationships. Thirteen students participated in face-to-face interviews to evaluate the clarity of each item, and subsequent amendments were made in accordance with the feedback. The revised questionnaire was then administrated online by 300 students to assess internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Most of the items were clear and understandable. The majority of participants were females (68%), aged 18 to 22 (66%) and single (96%). Cronbach’s alpha indicated acceptable internal consistency following the removal of one item (α = 0.713 for dietary recommendations, α = 0.889 for nutrient sources, α = 0.763 for food choices, α = 0.805 for diet-disease relationships, and α = 0.937 overall). Conclusion: The questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory face validity and acceptable internal consistency, indicating its reliability as a tool for assessing general nutrition knowledge among undergraduate students in health-related fields. However, the findings may have limited generalisability due to the homogeneous student sample. Further validation in a larger population is recommended to enhance its applicability
Skin-to-skin contact implementation in cesarean deliveries: a systematic review
Get PDFBackground: Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is a proven, cost-effective intervention that enhances neonatal outcomes, maternal-infant bonding, and breastfeeding success. However, its implementation during caesarean deliveries remains inconsistent due to various barriers. This systematic mapping review aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to SSC implementation during caesarean sections, evaluate its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes, and synthesize global best practices adaptable to local contexts.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted across six major databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus, focusing on studies published within the last five years. Fourteen qualitative studies from eight countries met inclusion criteria. Thematic content analysis was used to identify major patterns and findings.
Results: Key barriers included logistical constraints in the operating theatre, healthcare provider attitudes, institutional policies, and sociocultural factors. Facilitators involved supportive hospital policies, staff training, and awareness of SSC benefits. SSC was associated with improved breastfeeding initiation, maternal satisfaction, emotional well-being, and neonatal health outcomes. Conclusion: Effective SSC implementation during caesarean deliveries requires addressing logistical, institutional, and cultural challenges. Aligning local practices with global recommendations and investing in staff education are essential steps toward optimizing maternal and newborn outcome
The effect of Islamic music listening on the psychological well-being of university students in Malaysia
No full textIntroduction: Music therapy that aligns with Islamic values is endorsed and permitted by Imam Syafi’e and scholars
such as Al-Razi, Farabi, and Ibn Sina. Accordingly, Malaysian university students aged 20 and above, who exhibit
higher depression and anxiety scores, may seek solace in music. The current study examined the psychological
well-being of Malaysian public university students before, immediately after, and one month following daily Islamic music therapy. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental repeated measures study was conducted on 46
undergraduate students from a public university. Participants, screened for psychological distress, engaged in daily
15-minute sessions of Islamic music for six weeks. Their psychological well-being was assessed using the DASS-21
questionnaire at three intervals: before the intervention, immediately after, and one month later. One-way repeated
measures ANOVA tested the hypothesis. Results: The total DASS-21 score, including depression, anxiety, and stress
categories, significantly decreased post-intervention and remained low after one month without further intervention (p<0.05). Participants did not experience an increase in psychological distress during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: Islamic music significantly reduced psychological distress among Malaysian students, with sustained
effects observed one month later. Thus, daily exposure contributes to coping and relaxation. The single-group design
controlled for individual differences offers clear insights into Islamic music’s impact. This study suggests nurses use
Islamic music as a culturally sensitive intervention to improve patients’ psychological, mental health, and well-being.
Future studies should explore long-term effects and include larger, randomised controlled trials to validate findings
and examine variables such as spiritual well-being and religiosity
Lima minit sebelum kematian: detik terakhir yang perlu dihormati
No full textKEMATIAN adalah ketetapan yang pasti bagi setiap makhluk bernyawa, tidak ada satu pun yang mampu menghindarinya. Seperti yang difirmankan oleh Allah SWT dalam Surah Ali Imran ayat 185: “Setiap yang bernyawa pasti akan merasai mati.” Ia akan tiba tepat pada waktunya, tidak akan terawal walau sesaat dan tidak akan terlewat walaupun sesaat. Dalam konteks perubatan, terutamanya di Jabatan Kecemasan, kematian boleh berlaku secara tiba-tiba dan dramatik, tanpa mengenal usia dan
Synergizing cloud computing and blockchain architectures: applications and implications
No full textBlockchain is a decentralized and distributed digital ledger that records transactions
across multiple computers. It consists of a continuously growing list of blocks, where
each block contains a set of transactions and a reference to the previous block. The
blockchain ensures the immutability and integrity of the recorded transactions by
using cryptographic hashes and consensus mechanisms. Cloud computing is a service available over the network. Users can access and store data and applications
remotely rather than on local servers or personal computers. Cloud computing offers
resource pooling by letting users share the same physical resources dynamically according to their demands, often through virtualization. Cloud computing offers
flexible, scalable resources, it can address blockchain’s limitations in scalability
and transaction speeds by act as a backup for blockchain data, enabling faster
recovery and reduced latency. Synergy between cloud computing and blockchain
offers significant potential for innovation across numerous sector
