International Islamic University Malaysia
The International Islamic University Malaysia RepositoryNot a member yet
72001 research outputs found
Sort by
Mobile 360° panoramic training for commercial kitchen safety: usability and learning outcomes
Full text linkCommercial kitchens are high-risk workplaces where staff routinely face hazards such as slips, burns, lacerations, and chemical exposure. Conventional classroom-based safety training often suffers from low engagement and weak retention, limiting preparedness for dynamic, high-pressure conditions. To address this, the present study developed and evaluated a mobile 360° panoramic training platform to enhance hazard awareness in commercial kitchens. Unlike fully modeled virtual reality (VR) simulations or generic training contexts, the platform delivers authentic kitchen imagery in dual modes—immersive via Google Cardboard and non-immersive via smartphone—balancing realism, accessibility, and cost efficiency. This exploratory quantitative study involved thirty semester-one culinary students (ages 18–23) from Kolej Komuniti Bukit Beruang, Melaka, recruited through a convenience sampling approach. Participants completed pre- and post-training hazard-identification tests and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Usability ratings were consistently high across ease of use, learnability, efficiency, and satisfaction (means 4.27–4.70). Hazard-identification scores increased significantly from 29.33 to 83.67; a paired-samples t-test confirmed the improvement (p < 0.001, d = 3.46). Participant feedback highlighted realism and accessibility as strengths, though reduced interactivity compared to full VR was noted. Findings align with prior VR-based training studies in healthcare and construction, suggesting that panoramic imagery can deliver comparable learning gains at lower cost and deployment effort. Limitations include the small, short-term sample, absence of a control group, and user-reported issues such as headset discomfort and accessibility concerns. Future research should examine longitudinal retention, controlled comparisons with traditional training, and scalability across diverse settings to establish broader real-world impact
Extraction of chitosan-based piezoelectric thin film from shrimp shell waste
Full text linkIn this study, we explored the potential of chitosan, a natural polysaccharide derived from shrimp shell waste, for piezoelectric applications in biomedical, food, and agricultural industries. Despite limited research on its piezoelectric properties, chitosan has gained attention due to its non-toxicity and energy-harvesting potential. We focused on optimizing the extraction of chitosan from shrimp shell waste for these applications. Chitin powder was treated with NaOH concentrations ranging from 30% to 60% to remove acetyl groups and create chitosan. The best results for chitosan extraction were achieved using a 50% NaOH solution. Piezoelectric properties of chitosan thin films dissolved in formic acid were also analyzed, showing the best performance with a piezoelectric constant (k) of 0.3158, maximum charge (Qm) of 64.1, and a low loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.0156. Later, the biological assessment of the chitosan thin films, namely the antimicrobial and biocompatibility analyses, were performed to evaluate their interaction with biological systems and to determine their potential for biomedical and biotechnological applications. The results indicated that the chitosan thin film exhibited no cytotoxic effects, highlighting its promise as a safe and suitable material for diverse biomedical use
A multivariate analysis of antibacterial activity of crude Carica papaya seed extract and its effectiveness as natural preservative in Asian yellow noodle
No full textTwo-stage Bengali sentiment classification: domain adaptation through continual learning and parameter-efficient fine-tuning
No full textUnderstanding sentiment in low-resource languages
remains a key challenge for Natural Language Processing (NLP),
particularly when domain-specific data is scarce. In this work,
we present SentiBanglaBERT, a two-stage Bengali sentiment
classification framework combining domain-adaptive continual
pretraining and parameter-efficient fine-tuning. The approach
enables contextual adaptation to news-style data while remaining
computationally efficient through Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA).
Beyond performance, SentiBanglaBERT integrates SHAP-based
interpretability, offering linguistic insights into how Bengali
morphological cues—such as negation suffixes and aspectual
markers—influence sentiment predictions. Experiments demonstrate
stable performance comparable to strong baselines, while
providing greater transparency and interpretive depth. This
framework highlights the potential of domain-adaptive continual
learning as a foundation for interpretable, resource-efficient NLP
in morphologically rich, under represented languages.
Index Terms—Bengali sentiment analysis, low-resource NLP,
domain adaptation continual learning, LoRA, parameter efficient fine-tuning
I
Gelatine source labelling in gelatine-containing products: a product analysis
No full textGelatine is a widely used ingredient in food and health supplement products, valued for its functional properties but controversial due to its animal source. For Muslim consumers, the halal status of gelatine depends on the source animal and slaughtering process, while for others, allergenicity and dietary restrictions (e.g., vegetarianism) require clear source disclosure. In Malaysia, the Food Regulations 1985 [Part VIII: Standards and particular labelling requirements for food 153(4)] mandate transparency in gelatine labelling, including the requirement to state the source animal. This study evaluated the extent of disclosure of gelatine sources among gelatine-containing products marketed in Malaysia. A total of 120 products across confectionery, health supplements, and bakery ingredient categories were assessed using a structured checklist. Findings showed that 78% of products declared the source of gelatine, whereas 22% listed only the generic term "gelatine" without specifying the source. Halal logos were displayed on 73% of the products, with variation observed across product categories. The presence of products without clear gelatine source information indicates gaps between regulatory expectations and marketplace practice, which may affect religious assurance, allergen risk awareness, and consumer confidence. Strengthening consistency in source declaration, supported by responsible industry practice and accessible verification mechanisms, may enhance transparency and support informed decision-making among consumers in Malaysia
Peperiksaan kebangsaan mengukur kejayaan atau memupuk tekanan?
Full text linkPERTIMBANGAN kerajaan untuk mengembalikan semula dua Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) dan Pentaksiran Tingkatan Tiga (PT3) sebagai tindak balas tekanan orang ramai dan kebimbangan ibu bapa, wajar difikirkan dengan teliti. Keputusan sebesar dan berimpak tinggi ini tidak seharusnya didorong semata-mata ketidakpuasan hati atau pengalaman dilalui dalam sistem lalu tetapi seharusnya dilakukan dengan pemahaman jelas tentang keadaan semasa pendidikan negara selain visi yang koheren untuk masa hadapan. Ia dirujuk sebagai ‘kesan
Explainable AI with EDA for V2I path loss prediction
No full textAccurate pathloss (PL) prediction is essential for reliable Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
communication, particularly in dense urban environments characterized by mobility, multipath effects,
and complex street geometries. Traditional empirical models often fail to capture these variations,
while black-box machine learning (ML) methods lack transparency, limiting their suitability for safetycritical
V2X applications. This paper proposes a fully explainable V2I PL prediction framework that
integrates Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA), optimized Kalman filtering, and inherently interpretable
ML models, including Explainable Boosting Machines (EBM), Generalized Additive Models (GAM), and
Generalized Neural Additive Models (GNAM). The framework is validated using a large-scale dataset of
24 heterogeneous urban scenarios and evaluated through 5-fold cross-validation and multi-seed runs.
Results show that interpretable models offer competitive accuracy compared to black-box approaches
while providing robust global and local explanations of feature contributions. The study also discusses
computational considerations, real-time feasibility, and ethical aspects relevant to practical V2X
deployment. The proposed framework demonstrates high potential for transparent and trustworthy
PL prediction in future 5G/6G V2I systems
Efficacy of 0.38% and 0.18% sodium hyaluronate ocular lubricants for dry eye: a randomized trial in adult gazan participants
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of two formulations of lubricant eye drops, containing a gelling
agent or not, compared to normal saline. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, three-group, parallel, interventional single-site clinical study.
Methods: Forty-five Gazan participants with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) were randomized into three
groups of 15 participants each. Each group received either normal saline eye drops or lubricant eye drops. For
each group, one drop was applied three times a day for six weeks. All participants applied the normal saline solution for the first week. The outcomes assessed were the Arab-ocular surface disease index (Arab-OSDI) scores and
clinical tests including tear break-up time test (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and lissamine green
conjunctival staining (LGS) at weeks 1, 3, and 6.
Results: Both formulations exhibited a significant improvement in Arab-OSDI scores from visit 2 at follow-up time
points (p < 0.001). TBUT, CFS, and LGS showed an improvement in both the SH 0.15% and SH 0.38% groups (p <
0.05). SH 0.38% had a greater improvement in the proportion of evaporative dry eye from visit 2 to visit 5
(p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Lubricant eye drops are beneficial for alleviating the symptoms of dry eye. There was no noticeable difference in the effectiveness of these formulations in relieving symptoms and changing any of the objective signs that
were assessed. Improved EDE outcomes occurred with SH 0.38% eye drops, observed between visit 2 and visit 5
Penggunaan nas al-Quran dan Hadith dalam alasan penghakiman kes pengesahan taraf anak: analisis kes Iqmal Syahir Danial bin Hamdan dan Nooratika binti Abu Daud
No full textThis study examines the use of Quranic and Hadith texts as legal justifications in the Grounds of Judgment of the
Syariah Court in Malaysia, focusing on the case of Iqmal Syahir Danial Bin Hamdan and. Nooratika Binti Abu
Daud at the Perak Syariah High Court. This case represents one of the recurring issues in Islamic legal practice
concerning the determination of a child’s legitimacy status. The study aims to evaluate the appropriateness of
Quranic and Hadith references within judicial reasoning by conducting Takhrij of the cited Hadiths and assessing
the accuracy of textual citation methods based on the Guidelines for Judicial Writing issued by the Department of
Syariah Judiciary Malaysia (JKSM). Methodologically, this qualitative research employs content analysis of
judicial texts, analyzed thematically and comparatively, supported by inductive and deductive reasoning to ensure
interpretive precision and validity of findings. The results reveal that four (4) Quranic verses and two (2) Hadiths,
including two (2) Hadith Marfuʿ, were referenced in the judgment. The findings also highlight inaccuracies in the
citation of certain texts that were inconsistent with JKSM guidelines, including the use of Hadith sources not found
in the referenced collections. The study underscores the importance of precision and authenticity in the citation and
application of scriptural sources to ensure that judicial decisions remain firmly grounded in authoritative Islamic
jurisprudence. Further research is recommended to expand the analysis to other cases to enhance understanding and
strengthen best practices in Islamic judicial writing in Malaysia