International Islamic University Malaysia
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Evaluating the effectiveness of mobile-based defect management applications (DMAs) on homebuyer satisfaction in high-rise condominium projects
Get PDFMalaysia’s high-rise condominium projects continue to grapple with construction defects, as many homebuyers report unresolved issues that adversely affect their satisfaction and trust. In response, Defect Management Apps (DMAs) have emerged as digital tools designed to streamline defect reporting and resolution processes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of DMAs in enhancing homebuyer satisfaction within Klang Valley’s high-rise housing market. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from 191 survey respondents with qualitative insights from 20 semi-structured interviews. The results reveal several key patterns. First, the adoption of DMAs does not necessarily correlate with satisfaction; while users appreciate the convenience, they express frustration when underlying service delivery issues persist. Second, satisfaction decreases as defect counts rise, underscoring the number of defects increases, highlighting the critical role of effective back-end coordination in managing substantial volumes of complaints. Third, generational and experiential differences play a significant role. Additionally, DMA effectiveness is shaped by factors such as usability, responsiveness, communication transparency, and real-time tracking capabilities. This study concludes that technology alone cannot guarantee satisfaction; it hinges on how effectively digital platforms integrate with supportive service processe
Towards strengthening Shariah governance: a conceptual framework on the need for external Shariah audit in Malaysian Islamic financial institutions
No full textShariah audit is a crucial instrument in ensuring that Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) comply with Shariah principles. In Malaysia, Shariah governance has been strengthened through the introduction of the Shariah Governance Framework (BNM, 2010) and the Shariah Governance Policy (BNM, 2019), which emphasize the roles of Shariah review, risk management, and internal Shariah audit. However, the aspect of external Shariah audit has not yet received adequate attention. The absence of a clear structure, standards, and specific guidelines has raised various issues concerning auditor competency, independence, audit firm transparency, and the overall effectiveness of Shariah compliance mechanisms within IFIs. These challenges undermine public confidence in the integrity of the Islamic financial system and highlight the need to institutionalize external Shariah audit as an independent body. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to conceptually examine the necessity of external Shariah audit for IFIs in Malaysia. This study adopts a conceptual literature review methodology, drawing on previous research related to Shariah governance, internal and external auditing, auditor competency, as well as international standards such as AAOIFI and IFRS. The review yields three key findings. First, external Shariah audit is seen as a complement to internal Shariah audit in providing independent assurance of Shariah compliance. Second, there exists a significant gap in Shariah audit standards and guidelines, necessitating the development of a more systematic framework and professional accreditation for Shariah auditors. Third, effective external Shariah audit has the potential to enhance Muslim customers’ confidence, strengthen market reputation, and improve the transparency of IFIs’ operations in Malaysia. This study concludes that the implementation of external Shariah audit is a critical requirement for reinforcing the integrity of Shariah governance. Future research is recommended to adopt empirical approaches whether qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods to evaluate the direct impact of external Shariah audit on financial performance and public confidence in IFIs
Natural chromones targeting autophagy signalling pathways as potential anticancer interventions: a systematic review
Get PDFChromones, a class of natural product-based compounds, have garnered considerable interest due to their potential anticancer properties, particularly through the modulation of autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular process involved in both cancer progression and suppression, making it a promising therapeutic target. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the role of chromone-based compounds in regulating autophagy for cancer treatment. A comprehensive search from 2004 to early 2024 yielded 568 records, from which 44 eligible studies were selected based on defined inclusion criteria. These studies collectively investigated 23 distinct phytochemicals, including isoflavones, biflavonoids, prenylated flavones, flavone glycosides, and flavones, providing a robust dataset for evaluating the role of chromones in autophagy modulation. Most compounds activated autophagy, leading to cancer cell death, while a minority triggered autophagic activation with cytoprotective effects. Mechanistically, these compounds primarily inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, a key regulator of autophagy initiation. This inhibition resulted in increased expression of LC3-II and Beclin-1, which are involved in autophagosome formation, and a decrease in p62 levels, a marker of autophagic degradation. Although the findings demonstrate a strong link between natural chromones and autophagy activation, none of the compounds were found to inhibit autophagy as a means to promote cancer cell death. This strategy, however, has been reported for synthetic derivatives. These results highlight the potential of chromones as anticancer agents and support future research into designing analogues that can selectively activate or inhibit autophagy depending on therapeutic needs
VISION 2077 - A NEW HIJRAH OF THE MUSLIM UMMAH OF MALAYSIA. EXECUTIVE REPORT.
Get PDFVISION 2077 Project was officially initiated on October 1st, 2019 (Ṣafar 2, 1441). It is a long-term Futures Studies project for the Muslim Ummah of Malaysia, in preparation for the Ummah’s favourable futures narratives at the turn of the 16th Century Hijrah. 1st Muḥarram, 1500 Hijrah will fall on Saturday, November 28th, 2076, in shā’ Allāh – hence the name VISION 2077: A New Hijrah of the Muslim Ummah of Malaysia. This brilliant project was the latest major brainchild of the late Tan Sri Professor Emeritus Dr. Mohd. Kamal Hassan (may Allāh Subḥānahū wa Ta‘ālā place him among His devout servants closest to him), who gathered inspirations from his observations and the trajectories of and his hopes for the Muslim Ummah of the world and of Malaysia in particular.
The International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) must be Leading the Way in charting a path to a brighter, and more ideal future of the Muslim Ummah of Malaysia, driven by our believe in ALL promises of Allah Allāh Subḥānahū wa Ta‘ālā —with the condition that the Ummah fulfils her responsibilities and amānah. VISION 2077 project, an ambitious Islamisation endeavour, comprises of a Central Committee with the Office for Islamisation, CENTRIS as the Secretariat, and twelve clusters, each with approximately 10 members. From its initiation, a series of Central Committee Meetings, countless discussions and deliberations, and three Centralised Futures Workshops were conducted towards articulating the VISION 2077 Narratives. These were further assisted with numerous mini workshops at clusters’ level, in collaboration with the Centre for Foresight Studies, of the AbdulḤamῑd AbūSulaymān Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, IIUM. VISION 2077 Symposium took place via online at IIUM on March 8 – 10th, 2021 (Rajab 24-26th 1442), which convened all members of the project to deliberate on the narratives of all the twelve clusters. The outcome of the symposium is a compilation of narratives from the twelve clusters. This volume is the VISION 2077 Executive Report of the clusters’ narratives
Kinetic study and simulation of glucose degradation through anaerobic fermentation for bioethanol production
No full textAs a renewable biofuel, bioethanol offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, addressing the global demand for cleaner energy. The utilisation of sugar derived from biomass is one of the key strategies in advancing bioethanol production, which involves a catalytic reaction with yeast during the fermentation process. Although bioethanol fermentation has been widely studied, limited experimental validation of temperature-dependent kinetics constrains model reliability and process scalability. This work integrates experimental and modeling approaches to examine glucose degradation kinetics by Saccharomyces cerevisiae under anaerobic conditions at 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C. Results indicate that anaerobic fermentation at 30°C achieved the highest ethanol concentration of 3.11 g/L after 96 hours, with 88.5% glucose utilization. A kinetic model incorporating Monod and Hinshelwood equations was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software, with the Arrhenius relationship applied to describe temperature-dependent reaction rates. This study also revealed the activation energy of 9.12 kJ/mol derived from Arrhenius linear regression, which confirms the efficient kinetics at moderate temperatures. COMSOL Multiphysics® simulation validated experimental trends (R2>0.95), highlighting the model’s capability for process optimization. These findings highlight the critical role of glucose degradation kinetics in guiding the development of energy-efficient and thermally optimized fermentation processes for industrial applications
Emergency nurses' knowledge, attitude and practices regarding disaster preparedness and management in emergency departments in the Northern Division, The Republic of Fiji
No full textBackground: Since the adoption of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA), substantial efforts have been undertaken globally to reduce the impact of disasters. Nevertheless, individuals, families, communities and nations continue to be adversely affected. As front-line responders, nurses play a pivotal role in supporting communities during emergencies and crises. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of emergency nurses in the Northern Division of Fiji regarding disaster preparedness and management, and to examine factors associated with these outcomes.
Methods: A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to emergency nurses working in divisional and sub-divisional hospitals and health centres across the Northern Division of Fiji.
Results: A total of 61 nurses participated in the study, Representing a 93.8% response rate. Most respondents were based in hospitals and health centres (82%). Overall, participants demonstrated adequate knowledge and positive attitudes towards disaster preparedness and management; however, fewer than half reported good practices, and less than half were aware of their institution’s disaster management policies and procedures. Nearly three-quarters had never read or seen the health disaster management policy, and 77% had never undergone disaster preparedness training. No significant associations were found between participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and their KAP scores.
Conclusion: Despite frequent disasters in Fiji, emergency nurses in the Northern Division showed a gap between knowledge/attitude and practice in disaster management. These findings underscore an urgent need for a comprehensive disaster management policy and structured training to strengthen emergency nurses’ preparedness and response capacity in the region
Asean media for civilisational consciousness
No full textI POSED the question for an Asean newspaper to a group of participants at the first Asean Civil Society Conference in 2005. Recently, I voiced a similar concern on the glue cementing popular connections and consciousness among peoples in the region. This was during the seminar titled "Asean Futures: Navigating Regionalism, Reconciliation, and Rapproachment", organised by International Islamic University Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur on Sept 2. It drove the point on the importance of popular and civilisational consciousness in Asean. The six decades of existence must go beyond community cohesiveness. The media has been overlooked.
A common Asean media (not social media), operating through various platforms, including, television, apart from print — and not forgetting an Asean Radio — that can be accessed online is truly essential. In other words, the Asean media would be a communication instrument, based in any number of member nations, using the various platforms accessible to the Asean citizenry in a common language (or languages) chosen by the group, and understood by the majority of the Asean population. We have to put aside elitism and linguistic nationalism. At the same time, the Asean media can/should also be transmitted in the local languages
Molecular docking study of compounds from Dryobalanops aromaticaas the anti-MRSA agent
No full textThe emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms poses a significant global health threat, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which resists several antibiotics, including oxacillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin. Despite advancements in antimicrobial drugs, resistance continues to rise, necessitating alternative treatments. This study investigates the potential of compounds from Drayobalanops aromatica as anti-MRSA agents using molecular docking techniques. D. aromatica, known for its valuable timber and non-timber products like camphor, is indigenous to Southeast Asia. It has been historically used for its medicinal properties, making it a promising candidate for new antibacterial compounds
Optimizing piezoelectric patch placement for active repair of center-cracked plates
No full textActive repair using piezoelectric materials offers a promising direction for extending the service life of cracked structural components. Conventional methods typically employ multiple patches placed around the crack, but such layouts may not deliver maximum efficiency. In this work, a different strategy is examined by bonding a single piezoelectric material patch directly across the crack line of a plate. A coupled finite element analysis in ANSYS is used to study how this placement
influences stress intensity factor (SIF) and overall repair performance. The results highlight the critical role of patch location when bonded on the crack and energized by an electric field, the piezoelectric patch produces a markedly greater reduction in SIF compared to patches placed around the crack. This demonstrates the effectiveness of direct-on-crack placement in suppressing crack growth and emphasizes the need for careful consideration of patch positioning in active repair design. The study contributes new guidance for applying
piezoelectric materials in structural repair and damage control